美國(guó)加州要求將快餐業(yè)員工的最低時(shí)薪從15.5美元上漲到20美元,這項(xiàng)突破性法律在今年4月初正式生效,Chipotle、Chick-Fil-A、必勝客(Pizza Hut)和Jack in the Box等連鎖餐廳隨后紛紛警告顧客,預(yù)計(jì)備受歡迎的玉米餅或玉米片將會(huì)漲價(jià)。
如今,這些警告變成了現(xiàn)實(shí):市場(chǎng)調(diào)研公司Datassential的一份報(bào)告顯示,自2023年9月通過(guò)和今年4月1日正式生效的新最低工資法律出臺(tái)以來(lái),多家大型連鎖快餐廳的漢堡、玉米餅或薯?xiàng)l紛紛漲價(jià)。自2023年9月以來(lái),加州的物價(jià)上漲了7%,領(lǐng)跑全美。
今年,美國(guó)共有22個(gè)州提高了最低工資,有近1,000萬(wàn)工人受益。提高最低工資的好處包括幫助低收入工人獲得足夠的工資,在通脹導(dǎo)致全美生活成本大幅上漲的情況下能夠維持生計(jì),還可以縮小性別、種族和民族工資差距,因?yàn)橘嵢∽畹褪杖肷踔凉べY水平更低的群體,主要是有色人種。但提高薪酬本身也是問(wèn)題的一部分,因?yàn)槌耸澄飪r(jià)格上漲外,公司還需要面對(duì)更高的人工成本,現(xiàn)在它們通過(guò)漲價(jià)將這些成本轉(zhuǎn)嫁給了消費(fèi)者。
許多公司選擇了漲價(jià)。Chipotle在上周對(duì)投資者表示,4月第一周,加州近500家連鎖餐廳的菜單價(jià)格,與2023年同期相比上漲了6%至7%。戈登哈斯克特研究顧問(wèn)公司(Gordon Haskett Research Advisors)的研究顯示,加州Chick-fil-A餐廳的平均價(jià)格,自4月初以來(lái)上漲了超過(guò)10%。一位必勝客的特許經(jīng)營(yíng)商稱(chēng)工資上漲是必勝客不得不先發(fā)制人選擇裁員的原因,今年,必勝客將在加州裁減1,000多名送餐員。
戈登哈斯克特公司的數(shù)據(jù)顯示,從今年2月中旬到4月中旬,加州許多受歡迎的連鎖餐廳紛紛漲價(jià)。據(jù)美國(guó)勞工統(tǒng)計(jì)局(Bureau of Labor Statistics)統(tǒng)計(jì),在這兩個(gè)月內(nèi),星巴克(Starbucks)、Shake Shack、Chipotle和塔可鐘(Taco Bell)均漲價(jià)約5%,而全美餐廳平均僅漲價(jià)0.4%。
Chipotle、Chick-fil-A、塔可鐘和Shake Shack均未回應(yīng)《財(cái)富》雜志的置評(píng)請(qǐng)求。
美國(guó)勞工統(tǒng)計(jì)局的報(bào)告顯示,加州有全美最多的快餐業(yè)員工,其次是得州、佛羅里達(dá)州和紐約州?,F(xiàn)在加州為快餐業(yè)員工提供業(yè)內(nèi)最高的基本工資保證;其他行業(yè)的工作者同樣享有國(guó)內(nèi)最高的最低工資之一,為每小時(shí)16美元。
許多賺取最低工資的員工確實(shí)需要漲薪。經(jīng)濟(jì)政策研究所(Economic Policy Institute)的報(bào)告顯示,美國(guó)現(xiàn)在準(zhǔn)備迎接漲薪的近1,000萬(wàn)名員工中,有超過(guò)一半是女性;有接近四分之一或約250萬(wàn)是需要養(yǎng)家的上班族父母;超過(guò)50%目前的收入水平低于貧困線。
經(jīng)濟(jì)政策研究所認(rèn)為,隨著最低工資上漲,政府在低收入工人福利[例如補(bǔ)充營(yíng)養(yǎng)援助計(jì)劃(Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program)]方面的支出和在勞動(dòng)所得稅抵免與兒童稅收抵免方面的支出,將減少數(shù)十億美元。
加州最近的立法,還引起了被排除在新最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以外的其他食品行業(yè)的警覺(jué),尤其是該州的學(xué)校食品服務(wù)業(yè)。歷史上,食品服務(wù)工人是公立學(xué)校收入最低的雇員,但隨著加州率先為該州620萬(wàn)公立學(xué)校的學(xué)生提供免費(fèi)餐,對(duì)食品服務(wù)工人的需求旺盛,而快餐業(yè)提高薪酬將迫使許多學(xué)校不得不跟著漲薪。
2023年,薩克拉門(mén)托統(tǒng)一校區(qū)(Sacramento Unified School District)將食品服務(wù)工人的工資提高了10%,7月再次上漲了6%,達(dá)到每小時(shí)20美元。美聯(lián)社(AP)的報(bào)道稱(chēng),這是該校區(qū)近三十年來(lái)最大幅度的一次漲薪。美聯(lián)社指出,隨著更多的學(xué)生選擇在學(xué)校用餐,一個(gè)南加州的校區(qū)將食品服務(wù)人員的數(shù)量增加了一倍,達(dá)到40人,但其他校區(qū),包括洛杉磯縣的一個(gè)校區(qū),發(fā)現(xiàn)它們沒(méi)有能力為食品服務(wù)工人提供適當(dāng)?shù)墓べY。一位校區(qū)官員對(duì)美聯(lián)社表示,食品服務(wù)工人的時(shí)薪可能高達(dá)25.51美元,但他們每天只工作三個(gè)小時(shí),而且沒(méi)有資格享受健康福利。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:劉進(jìn)龍
審校:汪皓
美國(guó)加州要求將快餐業(yè)員工的最低時(shí)薪從15.5美元上漲到20美元,這項(xiàng)突破性法律在今年4月初正式生效,Chipotle、Chick-Fil-A、必勝客(Pizza Hut)和Jack in the Box等連鎖餐廳隨后紛紛警告顧客,預(yù)計(jì)備受歡迎的玉米餅或玉米片將會(huì)漲價(jià)。
如今,這些警告變成了現(xiàn)實(shí):市場(chǎng)調(diào)研公司Datassential的一份報(bào)告顯示,自2023年9月通過(guò)和今年4月1日正式生效的新最低工資法律出臺(tái)以來(lái),多家大型連鎖快餐廳的漢堡、玉米餅或薯?xiàng)l紛紛漲價(jià)。自2023年9月以來(lái),加州的物價(jià)上漲了7%,領(lǐng)跑全美。
今年,美國(guó)共有22個(gè)州提高了最低工資,有近1,000萬(wàn)工人受益。提高最低工資的好處包括幫助低收入工人獲得足夠的工資,在通脹導(dǎo)致全美生活成本大幅上漲的情況下能夠維持生計(jì),還可以縮小性別、種族和民族工資差距,因?yàn)橘嵢∽畹褪杖肷踔凉べY水平更低的群體,主要是有色人種。但提高薪酬本身也是問(wèn)題的一部分,因?yàn)槌耸澄飪r(jià)格上漲外,公司還需要面對(duì)更高的人工成本,現(xiàn)在它們通過(guò)漲價(jià)將這些成本轉(zhuǎn)嫁給了消費(fèi)者。
許多公司選擇了漲價(jià)。Chipotle在上周對(duì)投資者表示,4月第一周,加州近500家連鎖餐廳的菜單價(jià)格,與2023年同期相比上漲了6%至7%。戈登哈斯克特研究顧問(wèn)公司(Gordon Haskett Research Advisors)的研究顯示,加州Chick-fil-A餐廳的平均價(jià)格,自4月初以來(lái)上漲了超過(guò)10%。一位必勝客的特許經(jīng)營(yíng)商稱(chēng)工資上漲是必勝客不得不先發(fā)制人選擇裁員的原因,今年,必勝客將在加州裁減1,000多名送餐員。
戈登哈斯克特公司的數(shù)據(jù)顯示,從今年2月中旬到4月中旬,加州許多受歡迎的連鎖餐廳紛紛漲價(jià)。據(jù)美國(guó)勞工統(tǒng)計(jì)局(Bureau of Labor Statistics)統(tǒng)計(jì),在這兩個(gè)月內(nèi),星巴克(Starbucks)、Shake Shack、Chipotle和塔可鐘(Taco Bell)均漲價(jià)約5%,而全美餐廳平均僅漲價(jià)0.4%。
Chipotle、Chick-fil-A、塔可鐘和Shake Shack均未回應(yīng)《財(cái)富》雜志的置評(píng)請(qǐng)求。
美國(guó)勞工統(tǒng)計(jì)局的報(bào)告顯示,加州有全美最多的快餐業(yè)員工,其次是得州、佛羅里達(dá)州和紐約州?,F(xiàn)在加州為快餐業(yè)員工提供業(yè)內(nèi)最高的基本工資保證;其他行業(yè)的工作者同樣享有國(guó)內(nèi)最高的最低工資之一,為每小時(shí)16美元。
許多賺取最低工資的員工確實(shí)需要漲薪。經(jīng)濟(jì)政策研究所(Economic Policy Institute)的報(bào)告顯示,美國(guó)現(xiàn)在準(zhǔn)備迎接漲薪的近1,000萬(wàn)名員工中,有超過(guò)一半是女性;有接近四分之一或約250萬(wàn)是需要養(yǎng)家的上班族父母;超過(guò)50%目前的收入水平低于貧困線。
經(jīng)濟(jì)政策研究所認(rèn)為,隨著最低工資上漲,政府在低收入工人福利[例如補(bǔ)充營(yíng)養(yǎng)援助計(jì)劃(Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program)]方面的支出和在勞動(dòng)所得稅抵免與兒童稅收抵免方面的支出,將減少數(shù)十億美元。
加州最近的立法,還引起了被排除在新最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以外的其他食品行業(yè)的警覺(jué),尤其是該州的學(xué)校食品服務(wù)業(yè)。歷史上,食品服務(wù)工人是公立學(xué)校收入最低的雇員,但隨著加州率先為該州620萬(wàn)公立學(xué)校的學(xué)生提供免費(fèi)餐,對(duì)食品服務(wù)工人的需求旺盛,而快餐業(yè)提高薪酬將迫使許多學(xué)校不得不跟著漲薪。
2023年,薩克拉門(mén)托統(tǒng)一校區(qū)(Sacramento Unified School District)將食品服務(wù)工人的工資提高了10%,7月再次上漲了6%,達(dá)到每小時(shí)20美元。美聯(lián)社(AP)的報(bào)道稱(chēng),這是該校區(qū)近三十年來(lái)最大幅度的一次漲薪。美聯(lián)社指出,隨著更多的學(xué)生選擇在學(xué)校用餐,一個(gè)南加州的校區(qū)將食品服務(wù)人員的數(shù)量增加了一倍,達(dá)到40人,但其他校區(qū),包括洛杉磯縣的一個(gè)校區(qū),發(fā)現(xiàn)它們沒(méi)有能力為食品服務(wù)工人提供適當(dāng)?shù)墓べY。一位校區(qū)官員對(duì)美聯(lián)社表示,食品服務(wù)工人的時(shí)薪可能高達(dá)25.51美元,但他們每天只工作三個(gè)小時(shí),而且沒(méi)有資格享受健康福利。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:劉進(jìn)龍
審校:汪皓
When California’s groundbreaking law raising fast-food workers’ minimum wage from $15.50 per hour to $20 took effect at the start of April, food chains including Chipotle, Chick-Fil-A, Pizza Hut and Jack in the Box warned customers to expect higher costs for that go-to burrito or slice.
Those warnings are now materializing: prices for a burger, burrito, or fries at several big fast-food chains have jumped since the new minimum wage was signed into law in September, taking effect on April 1, according to a report by market research firm Datassential. Since September, the state’s prices have risen 7%, leading the nation.
This year, 22 states have raised their minimum wage, affecting nearly 10 million workers. The benefits of a higher minimum wage include helping low-income workers earn enough to live on as inflation drives the cost of living higher all over the country and closing gender, racial and ethnic wage gaps, because people of color are overrepresented among those earning the minimum or less. But better pay is also part of a problem, since businesses need to front higher labor costs on top of rising food prices—and are now shifting that cost onto consumers through price hikes.
Those hikes are many. Chipotle told investors last week that prices at nearly 500 of its California chains increased between 6% and 7% across its menu during the first week of April, compared to the same time last year. At California Chick-fil-A locations, prices have increased by over 10% on average since the start of April, according to research by Gordon Haskett Research Advisors. One Pizza Hut franchisee cited the wage hike as the reason for a preemptive wave of layoffs, in which more than 1,000 delivery drivers will be cut?this year across the state.
According to Gordon Haskett’s data, prices at many popular chains in California rose from mid-February to mid-April. Prices at Starbucks, Shake Shack, Chipotle and Taco Bell all jumped by roughly 5% in those two months, while restaurant prices nationwide rose just 0.4%, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Chipotle, Chick-fil-A, Taco Bell and Shake Shack did not respond to Fortune’s request for comment.
California employs more fast food workers than any other state in the country, according to a Bureau of Labor Statistics report, followed by Texas, Florida and New York. California now offers fast food workers the highest guaranteed base salary in the industry; for all other workers, it also offers one of the highest minimum wages in the country, at $16 per hour.
To be sure, for many minimum wage workers, the pay raises are needed. Of the nearly 10 million workers in the country who are now set to receive raises, women make up over half; nearly a quarter of them, or roughly 2.5 million, are working parents with families; and over 50% of workers getting raises currently earn incomes below the poverty line, according to a report by the Economic Policy Institute.
With a higher minimum wage, government spending on low-income worker benefits like the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and spending on earned income tax credit and child tax credits could drop by billions, according to EPI.
California’s recent legislation has also spurred alarm among other food sectors excluded from the new minimum wage standard, notably the state’s school food service industry. Food service workers historically are some of the lowest-paid employees in public schools, but are now in high demand after California became the first state to offer free meals for all 6.2 million public school students in the state—and the higher wages from fast food jobs are forcing many schools to up their pay.
Last year, Sacramento Unified School District increased wages for its food service workers by 10%, hiking another 6% in July to bring workers to $20 per hour. According to an AP report, it was the district’s largest single raise in nearly three decades. A Southern California school district doubled its food service staff to 40 people after more students were eating school meals, the outlet reported, but other districts, like one in Los Angeles county, found they couldn’t afford to pay their food service workers a comparable wage. A district official told the AP food-service workers could earn up to $25.51 per hour, but would only work three hours per day and be ineligible for health benefits.