一年前,大多數(shù)投行和華爾街投資者預(yù)測,由于持續(xù)性通脹和加息的影響,美國將陷入經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退。在2023年3月彭博社的一項調(diào)查中,約65%的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為,美國經(jīng)濟(jì)會在12個月內(nèi)陷入嚴(yán)重衰退。但隨著美國消費(fèi)者和企業(yè)在過去一年證明了他們的韌性,華爾街的知名分析師們幾乎已經(jīng)放棄了對于經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退的預(yù)測。甚至有越來越多人開始質(zhì)疑所謂“軟著陸”的可能性。軟著陸是指通脹下降,但經(jīng)濟(jì)增長疲軟,這一直被視為是除了經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退以外,另外一種顯而易見的結(jié)果。
德意志銀行(Deutsche Bank)3月份的“全球市場調(diào)查”(Global Markets Survey)顯示,現(xiàn)在有45%的投資者認(rèn)為,美國經(jīng)濟(jì)將進(jìn)入“不著陸”的情境,即通脹始終略高于美聯(lián)儲2%的目標(biāo),但經(jīng)濟(jì)增長依舊強(qiáng)勁。在德意志銀行的調(diào)查中,有38%的受訪者依舊預(yù)測美國經(jīng)濟(jì)將會“軟著陸”,但只有17%的受訪者預(yù)測經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退或“硬著陸”——這與一年前經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家們的預(yù)期相比有明顯轉(zhuǎn)變。
在此之前,1月和2月的兩份消費(fèi)物價指數(shù)報告高于預(yù)期,讓一些投資者對持續(xù)性通脹的威脅和更加鷹派的美聯(lián)儲政策感到擔(dān)憂,但美聯(lián)儲主席杰羅姆·鮑威爾卻對這兩份報告不予理會。鮑威爾在3月20日的新聞發(fā)布會上對記者表示,高于預(yù)期的通脹報告“并沒有真正改變整體趨勢,即通脹正在沿著一條崎嶇的道路,逐步朝著2%的目標(biāo)前進(jìn)?!?/p>
在美聯(lián)儲主席的發(fā)言之后,德意志銀行的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)與主題研究負(fù)責(zé)人吉姆·里德描述了許多投資者的新“不著陸”預(yù)期。
周一,他在寫給客戶的電子郵件中表示:“因此,可以說[這是]一種含蓄的、適度的‘不著陸’預(yù)測,即經(jīng)濟(jì)飛速增長,但央行不會采取更強(qiáng)硬的政策,而市場對目前更溫和的政策表示歡迎。”
里德認(rèn)為,投資者對于“不著陸”情境對市場的意義是否過于樂觀,只有“時間能告訴我們答案”,但他分析了為什么許多投資者會如此樂觀。
基本上,投資者預(yù)測的通脹率略高于通脹目標(biāo),這對于股市而言通常是壞消息,因為這預(yù)示著更高的利率,或者至少降息次數(shù)將少于此前的預(yù)測。但里德認(rèn)為,這一次,美聯(lián)儲沒有理會最近高于預(yù)期的通脹報告,而且經(jīng)濟(jì)增長證明了其韌性,因此美國經(jīng)濟(jì)在短期內(nèi)仍將處在一個適宜的“金發(fā)姑娘地帶”。這位資深華爾街投資者表示,上周鮑威爾發(fā)言之后,美國股市經(jīng)歷了2024年表現(xiàn)最好的一周,因為美聯(lián)儲似乎“非常確信其有能力在6月降息,盡管最近通脹水平有所升高”。
即使投資者提高了通脹預(yù)測,市場依舊表現(xiàn)出色的另外一個原因可能是,投資者相信美聯(lián)儲愿意忽視消費(fèi)物價的小幅上漲。里德指出,47%的受訪者認(rèn)為“美聯(lián)儲應(yīng)該忍受通脹長期高于目標(biāo)水平”。
目前投資者更擔(dān)心的似乎是通脹而不是經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退,而且他們似乎并不擔(dān)心如果通脹卷土重來,美聯(lián)儲會采取更激進(jìn)的措施破壞市場。因此,在德意志銀行的調(diào)查中,只有13%的受訪者表示,預(yù)計今年美國會陷入經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退,而三個月前這個比例還高達(dá)59%。
但依舊有許多專家無法預(yù)測美國經(jīng)濟(jì)的未來,這預(yù)示著2024年是美國經(jīng)濟(jì)充滿不確定性的一年。約19%的受訪者表示“不知道”美國的下一次經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退會在什么時候發(fā)生,而在一年前這個比例只有3%。(財富中文網(wǎng))
翻譯:劉進(jìn)龍
審校:汪皓
一年前,大多數(shù)投行和華爾街投資者預(yù)測,由于持續(xù)性通脹和加息的影響,美國將陷入經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退。在2023年3月彭博社的一項調(diào)查中,約65%的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為,美國經(jīng)濟(jì)會在12個月內(nèi)陷入嚴(yán)重衰退。但隨著美國消費(fèi)者和企業(yè)在過去一年證明了他們的韌性,華爾街的知名分析師們幾乎已經(jīng)放棄了對于經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退的預(yù)測。甚至有越來越多人開始質(zhì)疑所謂“軟著陸”的可能性。軟著陸是指通脹下降,但經(jīng)濟(jì)增長疲軟,這一直被視為是除了經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退以外,另外一種顯而易見的結(jié)果。
德意志銀行(Deutsche Bank)3月份的“全球市場調(diào)查”(Global Markets Survey)顯示,現(xiàn)在有45%的投資者認(rèn)為,美國經(jīng)濟(jì)將進(jìn)入“不著陸”的情境,即通脹始終略高于美聯(lián)儲2%的目標(biāo),但經(jīng)濟(jì)增長依舊強(qiáng)勁。在德意志銀行的調(diào)查中,有38%的受訪者依舊預(yù)測美國經(jīng)濟(jì)將會“軟著陸”,但只有17%的受訪者預(yù)測經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退或“硬著陸”——這與一年前經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家們的預(yù)期相比有明顯轉(zhuǎn)變。
在此之前,1月和2月的兩份消費(fèi)物價指數(shù)報告高于預(yù)期,讓一些投資者對持續(xù)性通脹的威脅和更加鷹派的美聯(lián)儲政策感到擔(dān)憂,但美聯(lián)儲主席杰羅姆·鮑威爾卻對這兩份報告不予理會。鮑威爾在3月20日的新聞發(fā)布會上對記者表示,高于預(yù)期的通脹報告“并沒有真正改變整體趨勢,即通脹正在沿著一條崎嶇的道路,逐步朝著2%的目標(biāo)前進(jìn)?!?/p>
在美聯(lián)儲主席的發(fā)言之后,德意志銀行的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)與主題研究負(fù)責(zé)人吉姆·里德描述了許多投資者的新“不著陸”預(yù)期。
周一,他在寫給客戶的電子郵件中表示:“因此,可以說[這是]一種含蓄的、適度的‘不著陸’預(yù)測,即經(jīng)濟(jì)飛速增長,但央行不會采取更強(qiáng)硬的政策,而市場對目前更溫和的政策表示歡迎?!?/p>
里德認(rèn)為,投資者對于“不著陸”情境對市場的意義是否過于樂觀,只有“時間能告訴我們答案”,但他分析了為什么許多投資者會如此樂觀。
基本上,投資者預(yù)測的通脹率略高于通脹目標(biāo),這對于股市而言通常是壞消息,因為這預(yù)示著更高的利率,或者至少降息次數(shù)將少于此前的預(yù)測。但里德認(rèn)為,這一次,美聯(lián)儲沒有理會最近高于預(yù)期的通脹報告,而且經(jīng)濟(jì)增長證明了其韌性,因此美國經(jīng)濟(jì)在短期內(nèi)仍將處在一個適宜的“金發(fā)姑娘地帶”。這位資深華爾街投資者表示,上周鮑威爾發(fā)言之后,美國股市經(jīng)歷了2024年表現(xiàn)最好的一周,因為美聯(lián)儲似乎“非常確信其有能力在6月降息,盡管最近通脹水平有所升高”。
即使投資者提高了通脹預(yù)測,市場依舊表現(xiàn)出色的另外一個原因可能是,投資者相信美聯(lián)儲愿意忽視消費(fèi)物價的小幅上漲。里德指出,47%的受訪者認(rèn)為“美聯(lián)儲應(yīng)該忍受通脹長期高于目標(biāo)水平”。
目前投資者更擔(dān)心的似乎是通脹而不是經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退,而且他們似乎并不擔(dān)心如果通脹卷土重來,美聯(lián)儲會采取更激進(jìn)的措施破壞市場。因此,在德意志銀行的調(diào)查中,只有13%的受訪者表示,預(yù)計今年美國會陷入經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退,而三個月前這個比例還高達(dá)59%。
但依舊有許多專家無法預(yù)測美國經(jīng)濟(jì)的未來,這預(yù)示著2024年是美國經(jīng)濟(jì)充滿不確定性的一年。約19%的受訪者表示“不知道”美國的下一次經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退會在什么時候發(fā)生,而在一年前這個比例只有3%。(財富中文網(wǎng))
翻譯:劉進(jìn)龍
審校:汪皓
Just a year ago, most investment banks and Wall Street investors were forecasting a U.S. recession due to the impact of persistent inflation and higher interest rates. Some 65% of economists polled by Bloomberg in March 2023 were convinced the U.S. economy was headed for a serious downturn within 12 months. But with U.S. consumers and businesses proving their resilience over the past year, Wall Street’s top minds have mostly abandoned their recession predictions. Even what was long considered to be the obvious alternative to a recession—a so-called “soft landing” where inflation fades, but economic growth is weak—is increasingly in doubt.
Instead, 45% of investors now believe the U.S. economy is headed for a “no landing” scenario where inflation sticks slightly above the Federal Reserve’s 2% target and economic growth remains robust, according to Deutsche Bank’s March Global Markets Survey. Some 38% of respondents to Deutsche Bank’s survey still expect a “soft landing,” but just 17% expect a recession or “hard landing”—a considerable shift from how economists felt just a year ago.
The news comes after Fed Chair Jerome Powell brushed off two hotter-than-expected consumer price index reports in January and February that had some investors concerned about the threat of persistent inflation and a more hawkish Fed. Powell told reporters at a March 20 press conference that the hot inflation reports “haven’t really changed the overall story, which is that of inflation moving down gradually on a sometimes bumpy road towards 2%.”
Deutsche Bank’s global head of economics and thematics research, Jim Reid, described many investors’ new ‘no landing” outlook after the Fed Chair’s comments.
“So, you could say [it’s] an implied Goldilocks ‘no landing’ for now with the economy running hot but with central banks not leaning against it and the markets quite liking their porridge on the warmer side for now,” he wrote in an email to clients Monday.
Reid argued that only “time will tell” if investors are being overly optimistic about what the “no landing” scenario means for markets, but he outlined why he believes many are bullish.
Basically, investors are forecasting slightly above target inflation, which is typically bad for stocks because it signals higher interest rates—or at least fewer rate cuts than previously forecast. But this time, with the Fed brushing off recent hot inflation reports and economic growth proving resilient, we could be stuck in a Goldilocks zone in the near-term, according to Reid. The Wall Street veteran noted U.S. stocks had their best week of 2024 after Powell’s comments last week because the Fed seemed “very confident of their ability to cut rates in June even with recent elevated inflation prints.”
Another reason that markets are performing so well even as investors raise their inflation forecasts could be their faith in the Fed’s willingness to ignore minor increases in consumer prices moving forward, too. Reid noted that 47% of survey respondents believe “central banks should tolerate an extended inflation overshoot.”
For now, it seems investors are more worried about inflation than a recession, and they don’t seem all that concerned about an aggressive Fed coming in to wreck the party if inflation does return. As a result, only 13% of respondents to Deutsche Bank’s survey said they expect a U.S. recession this year, down from 59% just three months ago.
Still, in a sign that 2024 really is the year of economic uncertainty, many experts are struggling to forecast the future of the U.S. economy. Some 19% of respondents said they “don’t know” when the next U.S. recession will occur, up from just 3% a year ago.