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每家公司都想要“掌握綠色技術(shù)的員工”,但似乎沒人了解具體含義

SUNNY NAGPAUL
2024-03-26

掌握綠色技能的員工找到工作的速度更快。

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圖片來源:Getty Images

我們正進(jìn)入綠色技能的時(shí)代,但說到底,什么是綠色技能?企業(yè)表示,綠色人才或具有氣候相關(guān)工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的員工需求越來越大,而且各國(guó)各行業(yè)這一趨勢(shì)都很明顯。

需求相關(guān)技能的企業(yè)數(shù)量也在增加。領(lǐng)英(LinkedIn)一份報(bào)告顯示,2022年至2023年間需要至少一項(xiàng)綠色技能的職位平均增加了22%。

企業(yè)比以往更需要受過綠色技能培訓(xùn)的員工,或者說人們從氣候相關(guān)工作或綠色技術(shù)領(lǐng)域?qū)W到的經(jīng)驗(yàn),然而只有八分之一的員工真正掌握相關(guān)技能。在當(dāng)今就業(yè)環(huán)境中,掌握綠色技能的員工找到工作的速度更快,主要進(jìn)入電動(dòng)汽車、石油和天然氣以及金融等行業(yè)。受過綠色技能培訓(xùn)的勞動(dòng)力很重要,隨著強(qiáng)風(fēng)暴、海平面上升、熱浪和干旱等災(zāi)害日漸頻繁,全球變暖情況已然很糟,今后情況也不容樂觀。

領(lǐng)英分析寫道,受過綠色技能培訓(xùn)的勞動(dòng)力可“加速向綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)過渡”,也有助于融入氣候知情政策。

過去五年中,需求綠色技能的工作崗位增長(zhǎng)了9%以上,而掌握相關(guān)技術(shù)的員工比例僅增加了5.4%。報(bào)告發(fā)現(xiàn),在墨西哥、印度和法國(guó)等納入研究的48個(gè)國(guó)家中,領(lǐng)英上明確列出需要綠色工作或技能的員工數(shù)都在增加。報(bào)告還發(fā)現(xiàn),在研究的每個(gè)國(guó)家,具有綠色技能的員工找到新工作的幾率都比不具備綠色技能的人要高。2022年至2023年,綠色人才在勞動(dòng)力中的比例中位數(shù)上升了12%,但供給仍跟不上技能需求。至少需要一項(xiàng)綠色技能的招聘崗位數(shù)量增速是原先兩倍。

英國(guó)可持續(xù)發(fā)展專業(yè)教授莎拉·斯特拉坎告訴《財(cái)富》雜志,“從最簡(jiǎn)單層面上講是供需問題”,她的研究成果“顯示技能市場(chǎng)越來越全球化”。

“提升現(xiàn)有勞動(dòng)力技能的需求很強(qiáng)烈,”她說。

從實(shí)際情況來看,掌握綠色技能的員工對(duì)能源生產(chǎn)、運(yùn)輸和金融等碳密集度最高或溫室氣體排放量最大的行業(yè)至關(guān)重要,因?yàn)檫@群人將引領(lǐng)變革。

斯特拉坎表示,最迫切需求的技能“可能是‘軟性’可轉(zhuǎn)移技能,而不是‘硬性’技術(shù)技能?!睂?duì)軟性技能更高需求代表著從“知識(shí)型技能”向“態(tài)度型技能”轉(zhuǎn)變,公司可依靠相關(guān)技能在氣候知情基礎(chǔ)上推進(jìn)發(fā)展。

綠色技能可改善全球最大的碳排放源

電力和熱能等能源生產(chǎn)行業(yè)是全世界最大的碳排放源,其次是運(yùn)輸和建筑,全球大部分電力仍然依靠化石燃料。

預(yù)計(jì)到2050年,全球能源需求將增長(zhǎng)47%,中國(guó)、德國(guó)和印度等市場(chǎng)上風(fēng)能和太陽(yáng)能等可再生能源將繼續(xù)增加。

行業(yè)企業(yè)發(fā)現(xiàn)具有太陽(yáng)能、核能發(fā)電、供水和灌溉系統(tǒng)等技能的員工比缺乏相關(guān)技能的員工吸引力更大。領(lǐng)英報(bào)告發(fā)現(xiàn),在研究涉及的各個(gè)國(guó)家,可再生能源行業(yè)中掌握綠色技術(shù)的員工就業(yè)率也在增長(zhǎng),每當(dāng)有100名員工離開行業(yè),就有120人加入。2016年以來,石油和天然氣行業(yè)的技術(shù)員工集中度增加了21%。

清潔能源轉(zhuǎn)型仍在過程中。報(bào)告發(fā)現(xiàn),在澳大利亞和阿聯(lián)酋等國(guó),加入化石燃料行業(yè)的員工比離開行業(yè)的人數(shù)更多。在美國(guó)、德國(guó)、新加坡和法國(guó)等國(guó)家,離開化石燃料行業(yè)比加入行業(yè)的人要多,不過減少速度在放緩。

金融比其他行業(yè)“綠色轉(zhuǎn)型更快”

報(bào)告顯示,金融業(yè)“綠色轉(zhuǎn)型速度比大多數(shù)行業(yè)快”,行業(yè)綠色人才同比增長(zhǎng)近15%。美國(guó)發(fā)展最快的一些綠色技能包括碳核算或計(jì)算組織的溫室氣體排放量,以及飲用水質(zhì)量、能源工程、碳信用和排放以及能源審計(jì)等。

這一有影響力的行業(yè)是應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化所需的“轉(zhuǎn)型關(guān)鍵推動(dòng)者”,也是支持氣候企業(yè)家獲取資本、鼓勵(lì)氣候友好型投資以及激勵(lì)金融機(jī)構(gòu)加大投資應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化展開對(duì)話的平臺(tái)。

向清潔能源經(jīng)濟(jì)過渡

向綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)的過渡正在進(jìn)行中。與加拿大的《可持續(xù)就業(yè)計(jì)劃》(Sustainable Jobs Plan)和歐洲綠色協(xié)議類似,美國(guó)的《通脹削減法案》(Inflation Reduction Act)也是眾多計(jì)劃之一,各大計(jì)劃將資金用于創(chuàng)造注重應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。其中美國(guó)的計(jì)劃2022年8月已簽署成為法律,創(chuàng)造了超過17萬個(gè)清潔能源就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。聯(lián)合工會(huì)和環(huán)保組織的藍(lán)綠聯(lián)盟(BlueGreen Alliance)稱,到2032年該法案創(chuàng)造的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)將達(dá)900萬個(gè)。

接下來要采取的過渡步驟包括改變工作崗位本身。報(bào)告發(fā)現(xiàn),為了加強(qiáng)對(duì)可持續(xù)性的重視,“工作本身”必須“不斷發(fā)展”從而承擔(dān)更多氣候方面的責(zé)任,例如政策建議或設(shè)施管理等。 (財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:梁宇

審校:夏林

我們正進(jìn)入綠色技能的時(shí)代,但說到底,什么是綠色技能?企業(yè)表示,綠色人才或具有氣候相關(guān)工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的員工需求越來越大,而且各國(guó)各行業(yè)這一趨勢(shì)都很明顯。

需求相關(guān)技能的企業(yè)數(shù)量也在增加。領(lǐng)英(LinkedIn)一份報(bào)告顯示,2022年至2023年間需要至少一項(xiàng)綠色技能的職位平均增加了22%。

企業(yè)比以往更需要受過綠色技能培訓(xùn)的員工,或者說人們從氣候相關(guān)工作或綠色技術(shù)領(lǐng)域?qū)W到的經(jīng)驗(yàn),然而只有八分之一的員工真正掌握相關(guān)技能。在當(dāng)今就業(yè)環(huán)境中,掌握綠色技能的員工找到工作的速度更快,主要進(jìn)入電動(dòng)汽車、石油和天然氣以及金融等行業(yè)。受過綠色技能培訓(xùn)的勞動(dòng)力很重要,隨著強(qiáng)風(fēng)暴、海平面上升、熱浪和干旱等災(zāi)害日漸頻繁,全球變暖情況已然很糟,今后情況也不容樂觀。

領(lǐng)英分析寫道,受過綠色技能培訓(xùn)的勞動(dòng)力可“加速向綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)過渡”,也有助于融入氣候知情政策。

過去五年中,需求綠色技能的工作崗位增長(zhǎng)了9%以上,而掌握相關(guān)技術(shù)的員工比例僅增加了5.4%。報(bào)告發(fā)現(xiàn),在墨西哥、印度和法國(guó)等納入研究的48個(gè)國(guó)家中,領(lǐng)英上明確列出需要綠色工作或技能的員工數(shù)都在增加。報(bào)告還發(fā)現(xiàn),在研究的每個(gè)國(guó)家,具有綠色技能的員工找到新工作的幾率都比不具備綠色技能的人要高。2022年至2023年,綠色人才在勞動(dòng)力中的比例中位數(shù)上升了12%,但供給仍跟不上技能需求。至少需要一項(xiàng)綠色技能的招聘崗位數(shù)量增速是原先兩倍。

英國(guó)可持續(xù)發(fā)展專業(yè)教授莎拉·斯特拉坎告訴《財(cái)富》雜志,“從最簡(jiǎn)單層面上講是供需問題”,她的研究成果“顯示技能市場(chǎng)越來越全球化”。

“提升現(xiàn)有勞動(dòng)力技能的需求很強(qiáng)烈,”她說。

從實(shí)際情況來看,掌握綠色技能的員工對(duì)能源生產(chǎn)、運(yùn)輸和金融等碳密集度最高或溫室氣體排放量最大的行業(yè)至關(guān)重要,因?yàn)檫@群人將引領(lǐng)變革。

斯特拉坎表示,最迫切需求的技能“可能是‘軟性’可轉(zhuǎn)移技能,而不是‘硬性’技術(shù)技能?!睂?duì)軟性技能更高需求代表著從“知識(shí)型技能”向“態(tài)度型技能”轉(zhuǎn)變,公司可依靠相關(guān)技能在氣候知情基礎(chǔ)上推進(jìn)發(fā)展。

綠色技能可改善全球最大的碳排放源

電力和熱能等能源生產(chǎn)行業(yè)是全世界最大的碳排放源,其次是運(yùn)輸和建筑,全球大部分電力仍然依靠化石燃料。

預(yù)計(jì)到2050年,全球能源需求將增長(zhǎng)47%,中國(guó)、德國(guó)和印度等市場(chǎng)上風(fēng)能和太陽(yáng)能等可再生能源將繼續(xù)增加。

行業(yè)企業(yè)發(fā)現(xiàn)具有太陽(yáng)能、核能發(fā)電、供水和灌溉系統(tǒng)等技能的員工比缺乏相關(guān)技能的員工吸引力更大。領(lǐng)英報(bào)告發(fā)現(xiàn),在研究涉及的各個(gè)國(guó)家,可再生能源行業(yè)中掌握綠色技術(shù)的員工就業(yè)率也在增長(zhǎng),每當(dāng)有100名員工離開行業(yè),就有120人加入。2016年以來,石油和天然氣行業(yè)的技術(shù)員工集中度增加了21%。

清潔能源轉(zhuǎn)型仍在過程中。報(bào)告發(fā)現(xiàn),在澳大利亞和阿聯(lián)酋等國(guó),加入化石燃料行業(yè)的員工比離開行業(yè)的人數(shù)更多。在美國(guó)、德國(guó)、新加坡和法國(guó)等國(guó)家,離開化石燃料行業(yè)比加入行業(yè)的人要多,不過減少速度在放緩。

金融比其他行業(yè)“綠色轉(zhuǎn)型更快”

報(bào)告顯示,金融業(yè)“綠色轉(zhuǎn)型速度比大多數(shù)行業(yè)快”,行業(yè)綠色人才同比增長(zhǎng)近15%。美國(guó)發(fā)展最快的一些綠色技能包括碳核算或計(jì)算組織的溫室氣體排放量,以及飲用水質(zhì)量、能源工程、碳信用和排放以及能源審計(jì)等。

這一有影響力的行業(yè)是應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化所需的“轉(zhuǎn)型關(guān)鍵推動(dòng)者”,也是支持氣候企業(yè)家獲取資本、鼓勵(lì)氣候友好型投資以及激勵(lì)金融機(jī)構(gòu)加大投資應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化展開對(duì)話的平臺(tái)。

向清潔能源經(jīng)濟(jì)過渡

向綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)的過渡正在進(jìn)行中。與加拿大的《可持續(xù)就業(yè)計(jì)劃》(Sustainable Jobs Plan)和歐洲綠色協(xié)議類似,美國(guó)的《通脹削減法案》(Inflation Reduction Act)也是眾多計(jì)劃之一,各大計(jì)劃將資金用于創(chuàng)造注重應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。其中美國(guó)的計(jì)劃2022年8月已簽署成為法律,創(chuàng)造了超過17萬個(gè)清潔能源就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。聯(lián)合工會(huì)和環(huán)保組織的藍(lán)綠聯(lián)盟(BlueGreen Alliance)稱,到2032年該法案創(chuàng)造的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)將達(dá)900萬個(gè)。

接下來要采取的過渡步驟包括改變工作崗位本身。報(bào)告發(fā)現(xiàn),為了加強(qiáng)對(duì)可持續(xù)性的重視,“工作本身”必須“不斷發(fā)展”從而承擔(dān)更多氣候方面的責(zé)任,例如政策建議或設(shè)施管理等。 (財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:梁宇

審校:夏林

We are entering the era of green skills, but what are they, anyway? Companies say that green talent, or workers with experience in a climate-related job, are increasingly in demand, which is growing across all sectors and countries.

The number of employers looking for these skills has grown, too. According to a LinkedIn report, between 2022 and 2023, job postings that require at least one green skill have grown by a median of 22%.

Employers are looking for workers who are trained in green skills, or those that people learn in climate-related jobs or green technology, more than ever–yet only one in eight workers have them. In today’s job climate, workers with green skills are getting hired at higher rates and are entering sectors ranging from electric vehicles, oil and gas, and finance. A workforce trained in green skills is important because of how dire the planet’s global warming has become—with intense storms, rising sea levels, and heat waves, and drought just some of the disasters that’s befallen people—and it’s getting worse.

A green skill-trained workforce can “accelerate the transition to a green economy,” the LinkedIn analysis wrote, and help integrate climate-informed policies.

In the last five years, jobs that require green skills grew by over 9% while the share of skilled workers only grew by 5.4%. The number of workers who listed a green job or skill on LinkedIn, the report found, has grown in every one of the 48 countries included in the study, like Mexico, India and France. The report also found workers with green skills have been hired for new jobs at higher rates than those without in each country studied. Between 2022 and 2023, the prevalence of green talent in the workforce rose by a median of 12%, but still, the demand for skills is outpacing the supply. The number of job postings requiring at least one green skill grew twice as quickly.

Sarah Strachan, a professor who teaches sustainability in the UK, told Fortune that “at the simplest level it’s a case of supply and demand,” and that her research “shows that the skills market is increasingly global.”

“There is an urgent need to upskill the current workforce,” she said.

As it turns out, workers with green skills are pivotal to sectors that are the most carbon-intensive or create the most greenhouse gas emissions, like energy production, transportation and finance–because they’ll be leading the change.

The skills in most demand, Strachan said, are “l(fā)ikely to be ‘soft’ transferable skills rather than ‘hard’ technical skills.” The higher demand for soft skills represents a transition from “knowledge-based skills,” to “attitude-based skills,” that companies can depend on to further their climate-informed progression.

Green skills could improve the renewable energy sector, the largest source of emissions in the globe

Energy production, like electricity and heat, is the largest source of carbon emissions in the world, followed by transportation and construction–and the majority of the world’s electricity is still produced from fossil fuels.

The demand for global energy is projected to grow 47% by 2050, and renewable energy sources like wind and solar continue to rise in markets like China, Germany and India.

In the industry, employers are finding workers with skills in solar energy, nuclear electric power generation and water supply and irrigation systems more attractive than those who lack them. The LinkedIn report found employment of green-skilled workers in the renewable energy industry also grew in every country studied, and that for every 100 workers who left the sector, 120 workers joined. Since 2016, the concentration of skilled workers in the oil and gas industry has increased by 21%.

The shift to cleaner energy is still, well, shifting. In some countries, like Australia and the United Arab Emirates, more workers are entering the fossil fuel industry than exiting it, the report found. In others, like the U.S, Germany, Singapore and France, more workers are leaving the fossil fuel industry than entering–but it’s a decelerating decline.

Finance is “greening faster” than other industries

The finance industry is “greening faster than most industries,” according to the report, which found a nearly 15% year-over-year increase of green talent workers in the sector. Some of the fastest growing green skills in the U.S include carbon accounting, or calculating an organization’s greenhouse gas emissions, and skills in drinking water quality, energy engineering, carbon credits and emissions, and energy audits.

The influential industry is “a critical enabler of the transformation” needed to fight climate change, as a platform for conversations on how to support climate entrepreneurs with access to capital, encourage climate-friendly investment and incentivise financial institutions to deploy more capital towards climate change.

The transition to a cleaner energy economy

The transition to a greener economy is in motion. The U.S Inflation Reduction Act is one of many plans, like Canada’s Sustainable Jobs Plan and the European Green Deal, that allocate funding towards creating jobs focused on combating climate change–the American plan, signed into law in August 2022, has created more than 170,000 clean energy jobs already. According to BlueGreen Alliance, an organization that unites labor unions and environmental groups, the act will create 9 million jobs by 2032.

The next needed steps for a transition include changing job roles themselves. To require a greater emphasis on sustainability, the report found, “the jobs themselves” must “evolve” to include more climate-focused responsibilities, like policy advising or managing facilities.

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