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美國(guó)史上規(guī)模最大的貨運(yùn)公司破產(chǎn)造成50億美元經(jīng)濟(jì)損失,3萬(wàn)人因此失業(yè)

IRINA IVANOVA
2023-11-06

今年夏天,YELLOW突然關(guān)閉并申請(qǐng)破產(chǎn)保護(hù)。

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攝影師:DAVID PAUL MORRIS/彭博社經(jīng)蓋蒂圖片社提供

曼紐爾·戈麥斯多年來(lái)一直希望在卡車運(yùn)輸業(yè)巨頭Yellow工作,因此2013年,他在收到這家公司的電話后,用兩天時(shí)間通過(guò)了危險(xiǎn)物質(zhì)認(rèn)證并被錄用,當(dāng)時(shí)他興高采烈地以為自己找到了一份鐵飯碗。這位45歲的卡車司機(jī)對(duì)《財(cái)富》雜志表示:“我又可以正常支付賬單。這是一份有工會(huì)保障的工作,因此只要你把工作做好,就無(wú)需擔(dān)心任何問(wèn)題?!?

今年夏天,Yellow突然關(guān)閉并申請(qǐng)破產(chǎn)保護(hù),讓戈麥斯和30,000多名工人失去了工作。戈麥斯表示,他連一封短信都沒(méi)有收到。他說(shuō)道:“我非常震驚。你不會(huì)想到,一家規(guī)模達(dá)到數(shù)百萬(wàn)美元的公司會(huì)在一夜之間倒閉。”

他說(shuō)道:“現(xiàn)在,我不得不在我的余生中繼續(xù)工作?!?/p>

戈麥斯現(xiàn)在靠失業(yè)補(bǔ)助維持生計(jì)。他表示,盡管有許多報(bào)道稱貨運(yùn)作為美國(guó)消費(fèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)的支柱行業(yè),缺少優(yōu)秀的卡車司機(jī),但他還沒(méi)有找到與在Yellow的工作相媲美的崗位。他在Yellow的年收入約為92,000美元,但現(xiàn)在與以前唯一類似的是獨(dú)立承包商的身份,即他向雇主租一輛卡車,并負(fù)責(zé)高額稅收和在工作中產(chǎn)生的任何責(zé)任。

但在Yellow申請(qǐng)破產(chǎn)保護(hù)時(shí)失業(yè)的工人,或許還有一線希望。路透社和FreightWaves引用匿名人士的消息報(bào)道稱,私營(yíng)卡車運(yùn)輸公司Jack Cooper計(jì)劃收購(gòu)Yellow,雖然希望渺茫,但如果成功將使該公司東山再起,并且可能重新創(chuàng)造數(shù)千個(gè)就業(yè)崗位。但交易能否成功以及戈麥斯等人能否恢復(fù)就業(yè),取決于破產(chǎn)法院令人抓狂且錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的審判過(guò)程,而且距離法院審理只有不到一周時(shí)間。

最令人抓狂的是,向Yellow最大的債權(quán)人(即美國(guó)的納稅人)證明,該交易物有所值。

30,000名工人受到影響

Jack Cooper面臨的兩難困境與聯(lián)邦破產(chǎn)法律奉行的原則有關(guān)。美國(guó)的聯(lián)邦破產(chǎn)法律是全世界這類公司法中最古老的例子之一。在美國(guó)歷史上,一些最偉大的品牌都在擺脫破產(chǎn)危機(jī)后發(fā)展壯大,例如曾經(jīng)的好萊塢巨頭漫威影業(yè)(Marvel Studios)。漫威經(jīng)歷過(guò)破產(chǎn)程序,但在不到十年后卻以40億美元的價(jià)格被出售給迪士尼(Disney)。但破產(chǎn)法院的問(wèn)題在于,對(duì)于是否接受一份救助交易,每位債權(quán)人都有發(fā)言權(quán)。

在Yellow的案件中,Jack Cooper需要說(shuō)服私募股權(quán)基金、美國(guó)財(cái)政部和卡車司機(jī)工會(huì)(Teamsters)。另外一種可能是不恢復(fù)任何就業(yè)崗位,Yellow被徹底放棄,進(jìn)行清盤出售。最近,有其他大品牌就經(jīng)歷了這個(gè)過(guò)程,例如Bed Bath & Beyond被出售給原Overstock.com,原來(lái)的公司已經(jīng)不復(fù)存在,只剩下品牌名稱。

主要從事破產(chǎn)業(yè)務(wù)的德匯律師事務(wù)所(Dorsey & Whitney)的合伙人喬·阿科斯塔對(duì)《財(cái)富》雜志表示:“破產(chǎn)清算總是一件悲慘的事情,因?yàn)槟闶窃跒槟臣夜舅徒K,是要埋葬它。但在破產(chǎn)方面,所謂的成功就是償還債權(quán)人的債務(wù)?!?/p>

戈麥斯當(dāng)然希望金主能夠成功,因?yàn)樗麉⒓拥钠渌嬖嚨慕Y(jié)果都很糟糕。戈麥斯曾面試過(guò)一家在軍事基地之間運(yùn)送物資的公司。該公司代表告訴他,卡車配有應(yīng)急按鈕,在遭遇緊急情況時(shí)使用。這讓他不得不三思。他回憶說(shuō):“我心想……我會(huì)面臨危險(xiǎn)嗎?”他開(kāi)車在小鎮(zhèn)里閑逛時(shí),依舊會(huì)看到帶有明顯橘色標(biāo)識(shí)的Yellow卡車。

戈麥斯對(duì)《財(cái)富》雜志表示:“當(dāng)我經(jīng)過(guò)[Yellow]位于阿爾伯克基的停車場(chǎng)時(shí),里面依舊停放著卡車。似乎如果他們召回我們,我們依舊可以在那里工作。”

Jack Cooper和卡車司機(jī)工會(huì)拒絕就報(bào)道的內(nèi)容發(fā)表意見(jiàn)。

卡車司機(jī)工會(huì)與財(cái)政部

Yellow在7月份的破產(chǎn),給美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)造成了50億美元的虧空,而且虧空很難解決。Yellow多年來(lái)一直面臨財(cái)務(wù)困境,在與卡車司機(jī)工會(huì)的公開(kāi)糾紛中最終選擇了放棄掙扎,甚至在破產(chǎn)申請(qǐng)中指名道姓地將公司倒閉歸咎于卡車司機(jī)工會(huì)主席西恩·奧布萊恩。Yellow首席重組官和資深董事會(huì)成員馬休·多希尼在書面證詞中表示:“奧布萊恩先生和工會(huì)故意引發(fā)了Yellow的死亡漩渦?!?/p>

多希尼稱,奧布萊恩“將Yellow作為犧牲品,目的顯然是要在[與UPS的談判中]獲得優(yōu)勢(shì),”因?yàn)閵W布萊恩“寧愿看到Y(jié)ellow被摧毀,也不愿意在談判中被認(rèn)為是軟弱的一方,即使這意味著要犧牲掉22,000名基層工會(huì)成員的工作?!保▕W布萊恩和卡車司機(jī)工會(huì)則將Yellow的破產(chǎn)歸咎于其管理不善,稱十年前,工會(huì)就已經(jīng)同意降薪并做出了其他讓步。)

但Yellow最大的債權(quán)人是美國(guó)的納稅人:2020年,該公司從美國(guó)財(cái)政部獲得7億美元貸款,至今仍備受批評(píng),兩黨國(guó)會(huì)議員都認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤決定。發(fā)放該貸款的項(xiàng)目,旨在扶持對(duì)國(guó)家安全至關(guān)重要的公司,但Yellow與國(guó)家安全無(wú)關(guān),而且早在該公司獲得救助資金之前,其財(cái)務(wù)問(wèn)題就已經(jīng)眾所周知,阿肯色州的共和黨議員弗倫奇·希爾最近形容該公司是“一家過(guò)度杠桿化、陷入困境的公司”。

這筆貸款于2024年9月到期,但迄今為止只償還了500美元。關(guān)于財(cái)政部是否會(huì)延長(zhǎng)貸款期限,以便于Yellow被收購(gòu)進(jìn)而免于破產(chǎn),迄今為止財(cái)政部未向包括《財(cái)富》雜志在內(nèi)的媒體發(fā)表任何意見(jiàn)。但本月,有八位參議員通過(guò)兩封聯(lián)名信向美國(guó)財(cái)政部長(zhǎng)珍妮特·耶倫施壓,要求財(cái)政部修改貸款,作為一項(xiàng)挽救就業(yè)的措施。

堪薩斯州參議員羅杰·馬紹爾寫道:“Yellow去年的收入高達(dá)50億美元,每天完成50,000次配送。如果這些貸款經(jīng)歷破產(chǎn)過(guò)程,將有7億美元納稅人的錢被徹底浪費(fèi)。以維持持續(xù)經(jīng)營(yíng)為目的的收購(gòu),將為償還這筆貸款和再次補(bǔ)償納稅人的損失,提供足夠的機(jī)會(huì)。”包括俄亥俄州民主黨參議員謝羅德·布朗和佛蒙特州獨(dú)立參議員伯尼·桑德斯在內(nèi)的七位進(jìn)步參議員在另一封信中表示,Yellow的破產(chǎn)“是30,000名美國(guó)卡車司機(jī)工會(huì)的卡車司機(jī)和碼頭工人的危機(jī),他們突然失去了穩(wěn)定就業(yè)帶來(lái)的收入和福利待遇?!?

他們表示:“過(guò)去二十年,由于不明智的決策,Yellow的工會(huì)工人向公司做出了數(shù)十億美元的讓步,希望公司維持運(yùn)營(yíng)。如果財(cái)政部能夠保護(hù)納稅人,并消除Yellow對(duì)工人造成的傷害,它應(yīng)該立即行動(dòng)?!?/p>

北卡羅來(lái)納大學(xué)(University of North Carolina)破產(chǎn)法教授梅麗莎·雅格比對(duì)《財(cái)富》雜志表示,她認(rèn)為政治壓力可能會(huì)迫使財(cái)政部改變立場(chǎng)。

雅格比表示:“美國(guó)作為稅收債權(quán)人或監(jiān)管人卷入許多案件,但當(dāng)國(guó)家的資金面臨風(fēng)險(xiǎn)時(shí),情況變得有些不同。”

她說(shuō)道:“政府不會(huì)坐以待斃地說(shuō):‘我會(huì)接受任何后果’;他們是積極參與者?!?/p>

時(shí)間緊迫

但如果財(cái)政部和Yellow的其他債權(quán)人希望嘗試讓該公司起死回生,他們可用的時(shí)間已經(jīng)不多。上周,法院已批準(zhǔn)一家拍賣行出售Yellow的車場(chǎng),但不包括卡車。最終出價(jià)日期為11月9日。分批出售卡車和車場(chǎng),實(shí)際上會(huì)徹底扼殺Yellow起死回生的希望,盡管這個(gè)希望本就很渺茫。

收購(gòu)該公司的車隊(duì)和不動(dòng)產(chǎn)只是第一步;新經(jīng)營(yíng)者需要改造設(shè)備,重新招聘工人,贏回在Yellow破產(chǎn)后流失的老客戶。

海洋運(yùn)輸物流公司AFS Logistics的零擔(dān)物流總裁凱文·戴伊表示:“我高度懷疑Yellow還能東山再起。他們首先要面臨零貨運(yùn)訂單的問(wèn)題——所有客戶都在尋找長(zhǎng)期合作伙伴。”

他補(bǔ)充道:“如果Yellow能東山再起,它絕對(duì)將成為一家獨(dú)角獸公司?!?

戈麥斯表示,他正在努力走出困境。他說(shuō)道:“我正在努力忘掉這段經(jīng)歷。我一直在努力抗?fàn)?,但這是一場(chǎng)注定失敗的戰(zhàn)斗。公司發(fā)生的一切都已經(jīng)發(fā)生。無(wú)論誰(shuí)是罪魁禍?zhǔn)?,都必將自食其果?!保ㄘ?cái)富中文網(wǎng))

翻譯:劉進(jìn)龍

審校:汪皓

曼紐爾·戈麥斯多年來(lái)一直希望在卡車運(yùn)輸業(yè)巨頭Yellow工作,因此2013年,他在收到這家公司的電話后,用兩天時(shí)間通過(guò)了危險(xiǎn)物質(zhì)認(rèn)證并被錄用,當(dāng)時(shí)他興高采烈地以為自己找到了一份鐵飯碗。這位45歲的卡車司機(jī)對(duì)《財(cái)富》雜志表示:“我又可以正常支付賬單。這是一份有工會(huì)保障的工作,因此只要你把工作做好,就無(wú)需擔(dān)心任何問(wèn)題?!?

今年夏天,Yellow突然關(guān)閉并申請(qǐng)破產(chǎn)保護(hù),讓戈麥斯和30,000多名工人失去了工作。戈麥斯表示,他連一封短信都沒(méi)有收到。他說(shuō)道:“我非常震驚。你不會(huì)想到,一家規(guī)模達(dá)到數(shù)百萬(wàn)美元的公司會(huì)在一夜之間倒閉?!?/p>

他說(shuō)道:“現(xiàn)在,我不得不在我的余生中繼續(xù)工作?!?/p>

戈麥斯現(xiàn)在靠失業(yè)補(bǔ)助維持生計(jì)。他表示,盡管有許多報(bào)道稱貨運(yùn)作為美國(guó)消費(fèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)的支柱行業(yè),缺少優(yōu)秀的卡車司機(jī),但他還沒(méi)有找到與在Yellow的工作相媲美的崗位。他在Yellow的年收入約為92,000美元,但現(xiàn)在與以前唯一類似的是獨(dú)立承包商的身份,即他向雇主租一輛卡車,并負(fù)責(zé)高額稅收和在工作中產(chǎn)生的任何責(zé)任。

但在Yellow申請(qǐng)破產(chǎn)保護(hù)時(shí)失業(yè)的工人,或許還有一線希望。路透社和FreightWaves引用匿名人士的消息報(bào)道稱,私營(yíng)卡車運(yùn)輸公司Jack Cooper計(jì)劃收購(gòu)Yellow,雖然希望渺茫,但如果成功將使該公司東山再起,并且可能重新創(chuàng)造數(shù)千個(gè)就業(yè)崗位。但交易能否成功以及戈麥斯等人能否恢復(fù)就業(yè),取決于破產(chǎn)法院令人抓狂且錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的審判過(guò)程,而且距離法院審理只有不到一周時(shí)間。

最令人抓狂的是,向Yellow最大的債權(quán)人(即美國(guó)的納稅人)證明,該交易物有所值。

30,000名工人受到影響

Jack Cooper面臨的兩難困境與聯(lián)邦破產(chǎn)法律奉行的原則有關(guān)。美國(guó)的聯(lián)邦破產(chǎn)法律是全世界這類公司法中最古老的例子之一。在美國(guó)歷史上,一些最偉大的品牌都在擺脫破產(chǎn)危機(jī)后發(fā)展壯大,例如曾經(jīng)的好萊塢巨頭漫威影業(yè)(Marvel Studios)。漫威經(jīng)歷過(guò)破產(chǎn)程序,但在不到十年后卻以40億美元的價(jià)格被出售給迪士尼(Disney)。但破產(chǎn)法院的問(wèn)題在于,對(duì)于是否接受一份救助交易,每位債權(quán)人都有發(fā)言權(quán)。

在Yellow的案件中,Jack Cooper需要說(shuō)服私募股權(quán)基金、美國(guó)財(cái)政部和卡車司機(jī)工會(huì)(Teamsters)。另外一種可能是不恢復(fù)任何就業(yè)崗位,Yellow被徹底放棄,進(jìn)行清盤出售。最近,有其他大品牌就經(jīng)歷了這個(gè)過(guò)程,例如Bed Bath & Beyond被出售給原Overstock.com,原來(lái)的公司已經(jīng)不復(fù)存在,只剩下品牌名稱。

主要從事破產(chǎn)業(yè)務(wù)的德匯律師事務(wù)所(Dorsey & Whitney)的合伙人喬·阿科斯塔對(duì)《財(cái)富》雜志表示:“破產(chǎn)清算總是一件悲慘的事情,因?yàn)槟闶窃跒槟臣夜舅徒K,是要埋葬它。但在破產(chǎn)方面,所謂的成功就是償還債權(quán)人的債務(wù)?!?/p>

戈麥斯當(dāng)然希望金主能夠成功,因?yàn)樗麉⒓拥钠渌嬖嚨慕Y(jié)果都很糟糕。戈麥斯曾面試過(guò)一家在軍事基地之間運(yùn)送物資的公司。該公司代表告訴他,卡車配有應(yīng)急按鈕,在遭遇緊急情況時(shí)使用。這讓他不得不三思。他回憶說(shuō):“我心想……我會(huì)面臨危險(xiǎn)嗎?”他開(kāi)車在小鎮(zhèn)里閑逛時(shí),依舊會(huì)看到帶有明顯橘色標(biāo)識(shí)的Yellow卡車。

戈麥斯對(duì)《財(cái)富》雜志表示:“當(dāng)我經(jīng)過(guò)[Yellow]位于阿爾伯克基的停車場(chǎng)時(shí),里面依舊停放著卡車。似乎如果他們召回我們,我們依舊可以在那里工作。”

Jack Cooper和卡車司機(jī)工會(huì)拒絕就報(bào)道的內(nèi)容發(fā)表意見(jiàn)。

2023年7月31日,卡車貨運(yùn)公司Yellow在內(nèi)華達(dá)州拉斯維加斯停止?fàn)I業(yè)。一份告示通知客戶和工會(huì)員工公司的設(shè)施用地已經(jīng)關(guān)閉。攝影:PATRICK T. FALLON /法新社

卡車司機(jī)工會(huì)與財(cái)政部

Yellow在7月份的破產(chǎn),給美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)造成了50億美元的虧空,而且虧空很難解決。Yellow多年來(lái)一直面臨財(cái)務(wù)困境,在與卡車司機(jī)工會(huì)的公開(kāi)糾紛中最終選擇了放棄掙扎,甚至在破產(chǎn)申請(qǐng)中指名道姓地將公司倒閉歸咎于卡車司機(jī)工會(huì)主席西恩·奧布萊恩。Yellow首席重組官和資深董事會(huì)成員馬休·多希尼在書面證詞中表示:“奧布萊恩先生和工會(huì)故意引發(fā)了Yellow的死亡漩渦?!?/p>

多希尼稱,奧布萊恩“將Yellow作為犧牲品,目的顯然是要在[與UPS的談判中]獲得優(yōu)勢(shì),”因?yàn)閵W布萊恩“寧愿看到Y(jié)ellow被摧毀,也不愿意在談判中被認(rèn)為是軟弱的一方,即使這意味著要犧牲掉22,000名基層工會(huì)成員的工作。”(奧布萊恩和卡車司機(jī)工會(huì)則將Yellow的破產(chǎn)歸咎于其管理不善,稱十年前,工會(huì)就已經(jīng)同意降薪并做出了其他讓步。)

但Yellow最大的債權(quán)人是美國(guó)的納稅人:2020年,該公司從美國(guó)財(cái)政部獲得7億美元貸款,至今仍備受批評(píng),兩黨國(guó)會(huì)議員都認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤決定。發(fā)放該貸款的項(xiàng)目,旨在扶持對(duì)國(guó)家安全至關(guān)重要的公司,但Yellow與國(guó)家安全無(wú)關(guān),而且早在該公司獲得救助資金之前,其財(cái)務(wù)問(wèn)題就已經(jīng)眾所周知,阿肯色州的共和黨議員弗倫奇·希爾最近形容該公司是“一家過(guò)度杠桿化、陷入困境的公司”。

這筆貸款于2024年9月到期,但迄今為止只償還了500美元。關(guān)于財(cái)政部是否會(huì)延長(zhǎng)貸款期限,以便于Yellow被收購(gòu)進(jìn)而免于破產(chǎn),迄今為止財(cái)政部未向包括《財(cái)富》雜志在內(nèi)的媒體發(fā)表任何意見(jiàn)。但本月,有八位參議員通過(guò)兩封聯(lián)名信向美國(guó)財(cái)政部長(zhǎng)珍妮特·耶倫施壓,要求財(cái)政部修改貸款,作為一項(xiàng)挽救就業(yè)的措施。

堪薩斯州參議員羅杰·馬紹爾寫道:“Yellow去年的收入高達(dá)50億美元,每天完成50,000次配送。如果這些貸款經(jīng)歷破產(chǎn)過(guò)程,將有7億美元納稅人的錢被徹底浪費(fèi)。以維持持續(xù)經(jīng)營(yíng)為目的的收購(gòu),將為償還這筆貸款和再次補(bǔ)償納稅人的損失,提供足夠的機(jī)會(huì)。”包括俄亥俄州民主黨參議員謝羅德·布朗和佛蒙特州獨(dú)立參議員伯尼·桑德斯在內(nèi)的七位進(jìn)步參議員在另一封信中表示,Yellow的破產(chǎn)“是30,000名美國(guó)卡車司機(jī)工會(huì)的卡車司機(jī)和碼頭工人的危機(jī),他們突然失去了穩(wěn)定就業(yè)帶來(lái)的收入和福利待遇?!?

他們表示:“過(guò)去二十年,由于不明智的決策,Yellow的工會(huì)工人向公司做出了數(shù)十億美元的讓步,希望公司維持運(yùn)營(yíng)。如果財(cái)政部能夠保護(hù)納稅人,并消除Yellow對(duì)工人造成的傷害,它應(yīng)該立即行動(dòng)?!?/p>

北卡羅來(lái)納大學(xué)(University of North Carolina)破產(chǎn)法教授梅麗莎·雅格比對(duì)《財(cái)富》雜志表示,她認(rèn)為政治壓力可能會(huì)迫使財(cái)政部改變立場(chǎng)。

雅格比表示:“美國(guó)作為稅收債權(quán)人或監(jiān)管人卷入許多案件,但當(dāng)國(guó)家的資金面臨風(fēng)險(xiǎn)時(shí),情況變得有些不同?!?/p>

她說(shuō)道:“政府不會(huì)坐以待斃地說(shuō):‘我會(huì)接受任何后果’;他們是積極參與者?!?/p>

時(shí)間緊迫

但如果財(cái)政部和Yellow的其他債權(quán)人希望嘗試讓該公司起死回生,他們可用的時(shí)間已經(jīng)不多。上周,法院已批準(zhǔn)一家拍賣行出售Yellow的車場(chǎng),但不包括卡車。最終出價(jià)日期為11月9日。分批出售卡車和車場(chǎng),實(shí)際上會(huì)徹底扼殺Yellow起死回生的希望,盡管這個(gè)希望本就很渺茫。

收購(gòu)該公司的車隊(duì)和不動(dòng)產(chǎn)只是第一步;新經(jīng)營(yíng)者需要改造設(shè)備,重新招聘工人,贏回在Yellow破產(chǎn)后流失的老客戶。

海洋運(yùn)輸物流公司AFS Logistics的零擔(dān)物流總裁凱文·戴伊表示:“我高度懷疑Yellow還能東山再起。他們首先要面臨零貨運(yùn)訂單的問(wèn)題——所有客戶都在尋找長(zhǎng)期合作伙伴。”

他補(bǔ)充道:“如果Yellow能東山再起,它絕對(duì)將成為一家獨(dú)角獸公司。”

戈麥斯表示,他正在努力走出困境。他說(shuō)道:“我正在努力忘掉這段經(jīng)歷。我一直在努力抗?fàn)?,但這是一場(chǎng)注定失敗的戰(zhàn)斗。公司發(fā)生的一切都已經(jīng)發(fā)生。無(wú)論誰(shuí)是罪魁禍?zhǔn)?,都必將自食其果?!保ㄘ?cái)富中文網(wǎng))

翻譯:劉進(jìn)龍

審校:汪皓

Manuel Gomez had wanted to work for trucking giant Yellow for years—so when the call came in 2013 he hustled for two days to pass his hazardous-materials certifications and got hired, ecstatic at the thought that he had won his forever job. “I was back on track with my bills,” the 45-year-old trucker told Fortune. “It was a union job, so as long as you did your job, you didn’t have anything to worry about.”

When Yellow abruptly shut down this summer and filed for bankruptcy protection, leaving Gomez and 30,000 more workers jobless, he said he didn’t get so much as a text. “It was a total shock,” he said. “You don’t think a multimillion dollar company is just going to one day close their doors.”

“Now I’m going to have to keep working for the rest of my life,” he said.

Gomez, who’s now living off unemployment pay, said he hasn’t come close to replacing his work at Yellow, despite widespread reports of a shortage of good truckers in the freight sector, the backbone of the American consumer economy. At Yellow, he was earning roughly $92,000 a year but the only thing he comes close to getting now is independent contractor status—essentially renting a truck from his employer, on the hook for high taxes and any liability incurred on the job.

There may be a savior, though, for at least some of the jobs that evaporated when Yellow filed for Chapter 11. The privately owned trucking firm Jack Cooper is making a long-shot bid to revive Yellow and potentially bring back thousands of jobs, according to reports from Reuters and FreightWaves which cited unnamed sources. But whether that comes through, and jobs like Gomez’s are restored, depends on the maddening intricacies of bankruptcy court, and there’s barely a week left on the court calendar.

Most maddening of all may be making the case that the deal is good value to Yellow’s largest creditor: you and me, the U.S. taxpayer.

30,000 workers on the hook

Jack Cooper’s dilemma has to do with the principles enshrined in the federal bankruptcy code, one of the world’s oldest examples of this kind of corporate law. Some of the greatest brands in American history have emerged out of bankruptcy to go on to bigger and better things, such as the erstwhile Hollywood juggernaut Marvel Studios, which sold to Disney for $4 billion less than a decade after emerging from insolvency proceedings. But the catch with bankruptcy court is that every debtholder gets a seat at the table and a voice in whether a rescue deal will be accepted.

In the case of Yellow, Jack Cooper needs to convince private equity funds, the U.S. Treasury and the Teamsters to take the deal. The alternative is that no jobs get restored, and Yellow essentially gets scrapped and sold off for parts. Some other great brands have gone this way recently, as with the case of Bed Bath & Beyond going extinct in all but name—which was sold to the former Overstock.com.

“Liquidations are always kind of miserable because you’re putting someone to bed—you’re burying them,” Joe Acosta, a partner at law firm Dorsey & Whitney with a focus on bankruptcy, told Fortune. “But in terms of success, in bankruptcy, success is paying back creditors.”

For his part, Gomez hopes the money men can work it out because his other interviews have been awful. One interview gave Gomez second thoughts after the representative for the company, which transported materials between military bases, told Gomez that the truck was equipped with a panic button if he had an emergency. “I’m like… am I in danger?” he recalled. On his drives around town he still sees the Yellow trucks, with their distinctive orange logo.

“When I pass the [Yellow] yard here in Albuquerque, the trucks are there still,” Gomez told Fortune. “It looks like if they called us back we’d still be able to work.”

Jack Cooper and the Teamsters declined to comment on the report.

A sign tells customers and union employees that the Yellow Corp. facility lot is closed after the freight trucking company ceased all operations, in Las Vegas, Nevada, on July 31, 2023.

The Teamsters and the Treasury

Yellow’s bankruptcy in July punched a $5 billion hole in the U.S. economy that won’t be easy to fill. Yellow, financially beleaguered for years, finally threw in the towel amid a public dispute with the Teamsters union, including personally blaming Teamsters president Sean O’Brien for its demise in its bankruptcy filing. “Mr. O’Brien and the Union knowingly and intentionally triggered a death spiral for Yellow,” Matthew Doheny, Yellow’s chief restructuring officer and a longtime board member, said in an affidavit.

O’Brien “used Yellow as a sacrificial lamb in an apparent attempt to gain leverage [with UPS],” Doheny claimed, because O’Brien “would rather see Yellow destroyed than be perceived as weak in negotiations, even if that meant the sacrifice of more than 22,000 of his own rank-and-file members’ jobs.” (For his part, O’Brien and the Teamsters have blamed Yellow’s demise on mismanagement, noting that the union agreed to lower pay and other concessions over a decade ago.)

Yellow’s largest creditor, though, is the U.S. taxpayer: The company received a $700 million loan in 2020 from the U.S. Treasury that has since been heavily criticized, with members of both parties in Congress calling it a mistake. The program under which the loan was made was intended for companies critical to national security, which Yellow was not, and its financial problems had already been well known before it took bailout funds, with Rep. French Hill of Arkansas recently calling it “an overleveraged, struggling company.”

The loan, just $500 of which has been repaid so far, comes due Sept. 2024. So far, the Treasury has not commented on whether it would extend the term of the loan to make it easier to buy Yellow out of bankruptcy, including to Fortune. But pressuring Secretary Janet Yellen are eight senators who wrote two separate letters this month to persuade the Treasury to change the loan as a job-saving measure.

“Yellow accounted for $5 billion in revenue last year, and 50,000 deliveries every day,” Sen. Roger Marshall (R-Kan.) wrote. “[I]f this loan were to go through bankruptcy, $700 million worth of taxpayer dollars would be essentially wasted. A going concern bid would provide an ample opportunity to have this loan repaid and the taxpayers made whole again.” In a separate letter, seven progressive senators including Sherrod Brown (D-Ohio) and Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.) called the bankruptcy “a crisis for 30,000 union American Teamsters truck drivers and dock workers who are feeling the sudden loss of income and benefits that comes with steady employment,” they wrote.

“Over the past two decades of ill-advised decisions, Yellow’s union workers granted the company billions in concessions in an effort to keep the company afloat,” they said. “If Treasury can protect taxpayers and undo the harm that Yellow did to its workers, it should act swiftly.”

Melissa Jacoby, a bankruptcy law professor at the University of North Carolina, told Fortune she believes the political pressure may sway the Treasury.

“The United States of America is involved in lots of cases as a tax creditor or a regulator, but it is a little different when they’ve got the money on the line,” Jacoby said.

“The government isn’t just sitting there, saying, ‘I’ll take whatever happens;’ they are an active participant,” she said.

A ticking clock

But if the Treasury—and Yellow’s other creditors—want to try to revive the company, they have a very short time left to do so. Last week, the court approved an auction-house sale of Yellow’s terminals, separate from its trucks, setting a Nov. 9 deadline for bids. Selling the trucks and terminals in different tranches would effectively kill off any hope of Yellow’s revival — already a long shot.

And buying the company’s fleet and real estate is only the first step; the new operator would need to revamp the equipment, re-hire workers and win back the former Yellow customers who fled in the wake of the company’s demise.

“I highly doubt that Yellow will come back,” said Kevin Day, president of less-than-truckload at shipping logistics company AFS logistics. “They would be starting with zero shipments — all those customers are in the process of finding a permanent home.”

He added, “It would definitely be a unicorn if it happened.”

Gomez, for his part, says he’s trying to move on from the ordeal. “I’m just trying to let that be the past,” he says. “Trying to fight it—it’s a losing battle. Whatever happened with the company, happened. Whoever did it, they’re on their own karma.”

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