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《財(cái)富》水晶球:2023年大預(yù)測(cè)

我們請(qǐng)一眾投資人、創(chuàng)始人和銀行家預(yù)卜未來。

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圖片來源:ILLUSTRATION BY NICK LITTLE

歡迎來到2023年,這是一版非常特別的《投資意向書》,我們請(qǐng)讀者——一眾風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資人、創(chuàng)始人、私募股權(quán)投資人和銀行家——用水晶球預(yù)卜未來,然后告訴我們未來一年會(huì)發(fā)生什么。

今年,我們匯總了100多項(xiàng)預(yù)測(cè),從風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資家是否會(huì)競(jìng)選公職的快速表態(tài),到哲學(xué)專業(yè)學(xué)生是否會(huì)在人工智能驅(qū)動(dòng)的世界里成為招聘首選的深入分析。當(dāng)然,還有關(guān)于有多少獨(dú)角獸公司可能會(huì)隕落的猜測(cè),以及哪些行業(yè)最有可能進(jìn)行并購(gòu)交易的情報(bào)。今年的預(yù)測(cè)太多,我們決定單獨(dú)列出幾個(gè)部分(加密貨幣、招聘、并購(gòu)和元宇宙),并挑選出我們青睞的預(yù)測(cè),詳情如下:

我們提出問題,你們來回答問題。以下是你們認(rèn)為的2023年可能出現(xiàn)的情況。

注:為清晰和/或簡(jiǎn)練起見,部分答案已精簡(jiǎn)。

估值與生存:在一眾獨(dú)角獸公司中進(jìn)行篩選

“至少有十幾家獨(dú)角獸公司和上市公司會(huì)破產(chǎn),這將給風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資市場(chǎng)再潑一盆冷水?!薄锟恕ぷ媛澹≧ick Zullo)和理查德·克爾比(Richard Kerby),Equal Ventures聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人及普通合伙人

“預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)有更多輪由內(nèi)部人士主導(dǎo)的融資,尤其是考慮到目前的經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境?!薄永贰ひ谅鸵颍℅alym Imanbayev)博士,Lightspeed Venture Partners合伙人

“我們預(yù)計(jì)2023年上半年投資將放緩,因?yàn)橥顿Y者會(huì)避開估值過高的進(jìn)入后期融資階段的公司?!薄獰醿?nèi)·蒂爾(Gené Teare), Crunchbase News高級(jí)數(shù)據(jù)編輯

“風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資不可能長(zhǎng)期凍結(jié),到2023年年底,我們會(huì)看到投資恢復(fù)正常。風(fēng)投基金創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的基金備用金必須按照時(shí)間表進(jìn)行布局,并為投資者創(chuàng)造良好回報(bào)。風(fēng)投界是由謠言和趨同思維驅(qū)動(dòng)的。要釋放壓抑許久的旺盛需求,只需要有一個(gè)人進(jìn)行投資,然后激發(fā)其他人對(duì)錯(cuò)失良機(jī)的恐懼?!薄说谩づ逶锼梗≒eter Pezaris),New Relic戰(zhàn)略及經(jīng)驗(yàn)高級(jí)副總裁

“2023年的估值修正不會(huì)像一些人預(yù)期的那樣極端,因?yàn)?021年獲得大規(guī)模融資且資金狀況良好的公司采取了現(xiàn)金留存策略?!薄鞣颉R爾伯曼(Dave Zilberman),Norwest Venture Partners普通合伙人

“2022年年初,全球有1,000多家獨(dú)角獸公司。到2023年,無論公司實(shí)力如何,這些公司中有四分之三都將面臨破產(chǎn)。實(shí)力雄厚的公司被迫自降估值,從而為自己在融資成長(zhǎng)期創(chuàng)造良好機(jī)會(huì)。”——莫·奧斯本(Mo Osborne),Capital V創(chuàng)始投資人

“2023年將出現(xiàn)世界上第一家氣候技術(shù)初創(chuàng)‘巨龍’(一家在B+輪融資中估值超過120億美元的私營(yíng)初創(chuàng)公司)。”——布萊恩·沃爾什(Brian Walsh),WIND Ventures

社交網(wǎng)絡(luò):埃隆·馬斯克的困境

“在收購(gòu)?fù)铺兀═witter)交易陷入混亂之后,包括Mastodon在內(nèi)的多個(gè)中心化和去中心化網(wǎng)站應(yīng)運(yùn)而生,成為推特的替代品,多個(gè)品牌和廣告商在2022年年底終止與該平臺(tái)合作。然而,據(jù)我預(yù)測(cè),到2023年年底,用戶將重返推特——但推特在一年內(nèi)會(huì)發(fā)生多大的變化,將為我們所有人帶來驚喜?!薄~克爾·瓊斯(Michael Jones),Science Inc.首席執(zhí)行官兼常務(wù)董事

最近,推特公司將被迫出售更多股權(quán)來支付140億美元債務(wù)的利息(馬斯克收購(gòu)?fù)铺貢r(shí)融資140億美元)。埃隆試圖以推特的實(shí)際價(jià)值(估計(jì)接近100億美元,而不是440億美元)來收購(gòu)這些債務(wù),并通過重組收回收購(gòu)?fù)铺貢r(shí)支付的部分溢價(jià)。他將債務(wù)轉(zhuǎn)換為股權(quán),進(jìn)一步增加了他的投資敞口。他改變了盈利模式,將價(jià)值8美元的藍(lán)V認(rèn)證、付費(fèi)訂閱服務(wù)(可以使用高級(jí)功能)或某些特殊形式的訪問結(jié)合起來,并新增直接通訊功能,以期重新吸引流失的廣告客戶。他還納入了一個(gè)支付系統(tǒng),轉(zhuǎn)賬時(shí)不需要銀行賬戶,只需要推特用戶定位和手機(jī)號(hào)碼。推特公司攻克了難題,能夠?yàn)椤形撮_立銀行賬戶的人提供銀行服務(wù)’,必將重返昔日的輝煌?!薄R特·巴比里(Matt Barbieri),Wiss & Company合伙人

“基于個(gè)人的傳統(tǒng)社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)(例如Facebook)持續(xù)走向沒落。相反,當(dāng)今社交媒體最主要的形式是第三方算法內(nèi)容——TikTok模式。這種模式將社交媒體從基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的連接轉(zhuǎn)向娛樂消費(fèi)。2023年,我將密切關(guān)注社區(qū)驅(qū)動(dòng)的社交媒體的回歸。這些新型社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)將鼓勵(lì)人們積極參與社會(huì)活動(dòng),并尋找歸屬感。”——李尤利(Youri Lee),IVP投資者

人工智能:柏拉圖卷土重來

“在OpenAI的GPT-3對(duì)會(huì)話式人工智能和聊天機(jī)器人的影響下,語(yǔ)音服務(wù)將滲透到各行業(yè)的軟件即服務(wù)(SaaS)應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景中,因?yàn)樽匀徽Z(yǔ)言處理涉及整個(gè)企業(yè)的所有業(yè)務(wù)功能?!薄崮取ぐ⒉榈录玻∟ina Achadjian),Index Ventures合伙人

“由于大型語(yǔ)言模型的興起,自然語(yǔ)言將開始取代圖形用戶界面(GUIs)成為主要的人機(jī)界面。消費(fèi)者只需輸入語(yǔ)音或文本,就可以生成代碼,控制軟件應(yīng)用程序,并創(chuàng)建豐富的多媒體內(nèi)容。”——塔利亞·戈德堡(Talia Goldberg),Bessemer Venture Partners合伙人

“我認(rèn)為很多枯燥的哲學(xué)內(nèi)容明年將變得重要起來,比如什么是真理,我們是如何認(rèn)識(shí)事物的……我認(rèn)為我們明年將面臨兩大難題(源自生成式人工智能和大型語(yǔ)言模型)。一是謊言和廢話將成倍增加,因?yàn)椴环ǚ肿永萌斯ぶ悄芸梢陨筛鞣N可怕的垃圾信息。二是人們正在考慮的大多數(shù)用例——人工智能要解決的問題——實(shí)際上都不會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn),直到我們研發(fā)出一種完全不同的技術(shù),能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)推理,而不僅僅是自動(dòng)補(bǔ)全單詞……人們將被迫思考認(rèn)識(shí)論和投資者以前沒有考慮過的事情。大學(xué)哲學(xué)專業(yè)的學(xué)生就業(yè)不再是問題?!薄茽枴だe(Phil Libin),All Turtles and mmhmm聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人及首席執(zhí)行官

“在人工智能領(lǐng)域,雖然目前仍存在對(duì)大型語(yǔ)言模型(LLMs)的狂熱,但預(yù)計(jì)這波熱潮今年年中會(huì)進(jìn)入低谷期,因?yàn)槿藗円庾R(shí)到距離人工智能有效取代人類互動(dòng)仍然有很長(zhǎng)的路要走?!薄埂ね柨瓶怂梗≧uss Wilcox), Pillar VC合伙人

"在人工智能算法的命令下,發(fā)生了一起重大金融犯罪,檢察官對(duì)軟件開發(fā)人員提起了訴訟。該案件顯示,這些模型是開源的,因此,檢察官在認(rèn)定被告的過程中遇到了許多挫折?!薄樗埂ち_伯茨(Chase Roberts),Vertex Ventures負(fù)責(zé)人

招聘/裁員:大規(guī)模裁員

“2022年的常態(tài)是裁員(10%-20%),而2023年的常態(tài)將是大規(guī)模裁員(50%以上)。情況在好轉(zhuǎn)之前會(huì)變得更糟?!薄R克·戈德堡(Mark Goldberg),Index Ventures合伙人

加密貨幣:薩姆·班克曼——隕落

“迪拜將成為世界加密貨幣之都?!薄恋辖z·楊(Edith Yeung),Race Capital普通合伙人

“擁有專門的加密貨幣基金的風(fēng)投公司將根據(jù)市場(chǎng)情況重新分配資金?!薄?jiǎng)趥悺に_爾斯(Lauren Salz),Sealed聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人及首席執(zhí)行官

Meta+元宇宙:?jiǎn)?dòng)失敗

“在2023年,由于收入持續(xù)下降,投資者不斷施加壓力,我們可能會(huì)看到Meta放棄目前所有的嘗試和投資,集中精力完成元宇宙項(xiàng)目。”——貝努瓦·瓦特雷(Benoit Vatere),Mammoth Media首席執(zhí)行官及聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人

籌資:行尸走肉

“在FTX丑聞之后,有限合伙人(將)開始重新撰寫相關(guān)文件,從而能夠更好地控制風(fēng)投,并對(duì)風(fēng)投實(shí)行問責(zé)。”——杰夫·卡特(Jeff Carter),West Loop Ventures普通合伙人

“今年公開市場(chǎng)和私募市場(chǎng)的估值變化促使許多有限合伙人評(píng)估收益來源和未來回報(bào)潛力,并更清楚地了解自己的流動(dòng)性狀況。隨著資金在2023年重返市場(chǎng),我認(rèn)為有限合伙人的變動(dòng)會(huì)更大,因?yàn)樗麄儠?huì)評(píng)估他們希望在接下來的幾十年里投資的長(zhǎng)期合作伙伴,這與他們目前或過去的投資組合可能會(huì)有很大不同?!薄葷伞た死松˙eezer Clarkson),Sapphire Partners合伙人

“機(jī)構(gòu)有限合伙人將要求進(jìn)行深入調(diào)查(即便是在早期階段),并優(yōu)先考慮金融公司,而不是營(yíng)銷工作,這再次提高了首次融資和后續(xù)再融資的門檻。為數(shù)不多的優(yōu)勝者將脫穎而出,它們將成為未來的紅杉資本(Sequoias)。”——阿舍·克勞特(Asher Kraut),Generational Partners合伙人

“我們將看到一些大型基金(1億以上)在未能為未來基金籌集到額外的有限合伙人資本后,緩慢進(jìn)入公開破產(chǎn)過程,導(dǎo)致普通合伙人離開。”——查利·馬(Charley Ma),F(xiàn)intech at Alloy天使投資人兼總經(jīng)理

硅谷:存活下來

“舊金山灣區(qū)仍然將是科技創(chuàng)始人和創(chuàng)新的發(fā)源地。在新冠疫情期間,在科技重鎮(zhèn)以外尋找人才當(dāng)然是有好處的,但我們發(fā)現(xiàn)硅谷走向回歸,其重要性日益凸顯。曾經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間,另一個(gè)城市本可以成為實(shí)際意義上的科技重鎮(zhèn)。邁阿密太落后了;紐約是唯一的候選項(xiàng)。但面對(duì)面交流活動(dòng)正在回歸,初創(chuàng)公司也繼續(xù)在硅谷注冊(cè)成立,而且硅谷能夠?yàn)榭萍季W(wǎng)絡(luò)和創(chuàng)新提供無可比擬的機(jī)會(huì)。網(wǎng)絡(luò)效應(yīng)依然存在。唯一的弊端是硅谷的生活成本很高?!薄榴R德·阿洪德(Immad Akhund),Mercury聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人及首席執(zhí)行官

“盡管各類報(bào)告和預(yù)測(cè)都表明舊金山灣區(qū)將失去主導(dǎo)地位,但我們依舊堅(jiān)信舊金山灣區(qū)將保持其主導(dǎo)地位?!薄驳稀な┩?nèi)斯(Andy Stinnes),Cloud Apps Capital Partners普通合伙人

工業(yè)+供應(yīng)鏈:預(yù)測(cè)正在進(jìn)行中

“我們將看到2022年頒布的全面產(chǎn)業(yè)政策[《通貨膨脹削減法案》(Inflation Reduction Act)、《基建法案》(Infrastructure Bill)、《芯片法案》(CHIPS Act)]的影響開始顯現(xiàn)。到2023年第一季度,將敲定有關(guān)立法如何實(shí)施的許多細(xì)節(jié),制造清潔技術(shù)、向美國(guó)政府提供產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)和/或?yàn)殛P(guān)鍵供應(yīng)鏈提供服務(wù)的公司將得到大幅提振。一方面,全球能源價(jià)格持續(xù)上漲,另一方面,各法案提供了諸多激勵(lì)措施,“萬物電氣化”將出現(xiàn)拐點(diǎn),這將為新進(jìn)入者創(chuàng)造巨大的機(jī)會(huì),它們有望在未來成長(zhǎng)為最具代表性的公司——我們將在未來十年造就更多的特斯拉(Tesla)?!薄菘āね郀柭∕onica Varman),G2 Venture Partners合伙人

“在產(chǎn)業(yè)政策方面,我們將看到自20世紀(jì)50年代和60年代以來最大規(guī)模的復(fù)蘇計(jì)劃和最大膽的提案,既要達(dá)成社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)目標(biāo),又要指導(dǎo)半導(dǎo)體和人工智能等戰(zhàn)略技術(shù)的發(fā)展和應(yīng)用。全球供應(yīng)鏈因?yàn)閼?zhàn)爭(zhēng)、大國(guó)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和氣候變化而中斷,上述舉措旨在彌合全球技術(shù)分裂,修復(fù)日趨分裂的商業(yè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。在私營(yíng)領(lǐng)域和公共領(lǐng)域的相關(guān)業(yè)務(wù)融合之前,實(shí)現(xiàn)業(yè)務(wù)融合的企業(yè)將建立長(zhǎng)期彈性,并可以迅速適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)變化?!薄N摹な访芩梗‥van Smith),Altana Technologies首席執(zhí)行官及聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人

“嚴(yán)重依賴中國(guó)供應(yīng)鏈和制造業(yè)的美國(guó)企業(yè)將把部分業(yè)務(wù)和補(bǔ)給線轉(zhuǎn)移到其他亞洲國(guó)家,包括印度和越南?!薄獑碳{森·魯納(Jonathan Rouner),野村證券(Nomura)副會(huì)長(zhǎng)兼國(guó)際并購(gòu)主管

“機(jī)器人、3D打印和自動(dòng)化行業(yè)都將得到提振,而制造業(yè)公司為了利用第45X節(jié)的稅收抵免規(guī)定,不斷增加產(chǎn)量和采購(gòu),不可避免會(huì)遇到勞動(dòng)力短缺問題。第45X節(jié)將在未來10年為美國(guó)生產(chǎn)的太陽(yáng)能電池板、風(fēng)力渦輪機(jī)和電動(dòng)汽車電池等零部件以及用于生產(chǎn)這些產(chǎn)品的礦物提供300億美元的稅收抵免,這為各大公司帶來了勞工挑戰(zhàn)。在勞動(dòng)力仍然短缺的情況下,企業(yè)要設(shè)法跟上需求的步伐,無疑會(huì)將機(jī)器人技術(shù)推向最前沿。”——丹尼爾·凱蒂爾(Daniel Ketyer),Piva Capital投資人

[注:第45X節(jié):《通貨膨脹削減法案2022》針對(duì)先進(jìn)制造業(yè)生產(chǎn)稅收補(bǔ)貼,修訂了《國(guó)內(nèi)稅收法》(Internal Revenue Code)第45節(jié),增加了新的第45X節(jié)。其中包括稅收抵免計(jì)算規(guī)定。]

政治/政府:白宮的暖通空調(diào)系統(tǒng)

“白宮將用熱泵取代暖通空調(diào)系統(tǒng)。”——安迪·弗蘭克(Andy Frank), Sealed創(chuàng)始人及總裁

“2023年,監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)、立法者和訴訟當(dāng)事人將繼續(xù)關(guān)注未成年人的隱私權(quán)。2022年,我們見證了美國(guó)聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會(huì)(FTC)在保護(hù)兒童隱私權(quán)方面采取強(qiáng)硬立場(chǎng),對(duì)社交媒體公司涉及兒童的活動(dòng)進(jìn)行深入調(diào)查,提出一系列涉及兒童隱私的法案,并通過了變革性的《加州適齡設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范法案》(California Age Appropriate Design Code Act)。在未來的一年里,我們將看到這些趨勢(shì)的延續(xù),同時(shí)我們也將見證相關(guān)技術(shù)解決方案的激增,以協(xié)助保護(hù)未成年人的隱私權(quán)益?!薄芸铡た寺迦耍↗acqueline Klosek),Goodwin Procter合伙人

“一位著名的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資家宣布參加初選。盡管此人之前是民主黨的重要籌款人,但卻以中間偏右的共和黨人身份參選?!薄樗埂ち_伯茨,Vertex Ventures負(fù)責(zé)人

“2023年,為了應(yīng)對(duì)不斷變化的數(shù)據(jù)隱私法規(guī),大型科技公司將制定新企業(yè)政策。在沒有聯(lián)邦數(shù)據(jù)隱私法的情況下,大型科技公司將不得不調(diào)整業(yè)務(wù),以滿足各州不同的隱私政策。隨著對(duì)消費(fèi)者數(shù)據(jù)保護(hù)的要求越來越高,各州政策制定者將被迫開出巨額罰單來打擊大型科技公司的數(shù)據(jù)收集工作?!薄固胤摇ど嶝愃顾⊿teffen Schebesta),Sendinblue北美首席執(zhí)行官兼企業(yè)發(fā)展副總裁

“由于政府預(yù)算將保持強(qiáng)勁,B2G模式(即企業(yè)與政府之間通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)所進(jìn)行的交易活動(dòng)的運(yùn)作模式)將(再)掀熱潮?!薄S賈伊·查塔(Vijay Chattha),VSC創(chuàng)始人及首席執(zhí)行官

更廣泛的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資:轉(zhuǎn)向登月計(jì)劃

“鑒于目前的市場(chǎng)狀況,在很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間內(nèi),人們都對(duì)獲得新投資回報(bào)不抱希望。因此,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資家將更傾向于投資登月計(jì)劃、種子階段的初創(chuàng)公司。與此同時(shí),高端人才若發(fā)現(xiàn)自己供職的處于后期融資階段的公司無法獲得后續(xù)融資,他們將更傾向于自行承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn),創(chuàng)辦自己的公司。”——澤布·埃文斯(Zeb Evans),ClickUp創(chuàng)始人及首席執(zhí)行官

“首次公開募股市場(chǎng)在第二季度前基本上已經(jīng)關(guān)閉,并將在第二季度逐漸重新開放(與市場(chǎng)開始反彈的時(shí)間一致)?!薄C贰つ字Z·德洛斯里奧斯(Jaime Moreno de Los Rios),Secfi首席運(yùn)營(yíng)官

“我在2011年和2021年都參與了籌資工作。在這十年的時(shí)間里,風(fēng)投不斷辜負(fù)女性創(chuàng)始人。2021年,美國(guó)女性只獲得了2%的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資。我預(yù)測(cè),明年情況也不會(huì)有很大改觀,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資公司將繼續(xù)忽視開展隱性偏見培訓(xùn)的迫切要求。希望我的想法是錯(cuò)的?!薄乩傥鳌睿═racy Young),TigerEye聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人及首席執(zhí)行官

醫(yī)療保?。盒睦矸矫?/strong>

“未來將進(jìn)行更多心理健康和初級(jí)保健方面的整合和并購(gòu)交易,虛擬全納式模式將應(yīng)用于面對(duì)面的初級(jí)保健和/或心理健康活動(dòng)。在基于價(jià)值/風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的合同結(jié)構(gòu)中,該模式將在實(shí)現(xiàn)價(jià)值獲取方面發(fā)揮突出作用?!薄葕W米·艾倫(Naomi Allen),Brightline聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人及首席執(zhí)行官

“由于數(shù)字基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和無代碼/低代碼解決方案的興起,保險(xiǎn)將在日常交易中變得更加‘隱形’。啟用這些功能的公司將獲得截然不同的消費(fèi)者行為數(shù)據(jù)集,從而加快承保速度,并制定更個(gè)性化、更具預(yù)測(cè)性的保單?!薄蚶颉とR曼(Lily Lyman),Underscore VC合伙人

“到2023年,我們預(yù)計(jì)將看到技術(shù)創(chuàng)新解決50歲以上人士的社會(huì)孤立問題,因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在有近2,600萬50歲或以上的美國(guó)人獨(dú)自生活,而20年前只有1,500萬。我們需要實(shí)現(xiàn)更多技術(shù)助力的人與人之間的互動(dòng),從交友到接受再就業(yè)培訓(xùn),再到在家接受醫(yī)療保健服務(wù)。盡管人們普遍認(rèn)為新冠疫情帶來諸多不便,但疫情加速了數(shù)字滲透,并為這些受眾提供了舒適享受?!薄⒈取っ桌铡だS(Abby Miller Levy),Primetime Partners執(zhí)行合伙人及聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人

并購(gòu):實(shí)現(xiàn)整合

“網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物和食品配送將持續(xù)整合。戰(zhàn)略家們將開始涉足并購(gòu),因?yàn)閭鹘y(tǒng)零售商仍然擁有強(qiáng)勁的資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表,食品電商的估值也變得越來越有吸引力。收購(gòu)對(duì)象將擁有強(qiáng)勁的財(cái)務(wù)狀況,但資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表可能較弱?!薄⒈取だ肥玻ˋbhi Ramesh),Misfits Market創(chuàng)始人及首席執(zhí)行官

網(wǎng)絡(luò):詐騙組織

“未來詐騙組織或詐騙團(tuán)伙將實(shí)施有組織的詐騙。這些詐騙組織實(shí)施半自動(dòng)化操作,將人力與移動(dòng)技術(shù)相結(jié)合來擴(kuò)大核心欺詐活動(dòng),包括通過社交工程竊取身份和接管賬戶。雖然零工經(jīng)濟(jì)公司在2022年主要聚焦內(nèi)容審核,但我預(yù)測(cè),明年我們將看到焦點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)向政策制定和自動(dòng)濫用檢測(cè),以將欺詐扼殺在搖籃里,并確保重復(fù)違規(guī)者被標(biāo)記和封禁?!薄驳铝摇べM(fèi)拉斯(André Ferraz),Incognia首席執(zhí)行官及創(chuàng)始人

“在過去的一年里,網(wǎng)絡(luò)和人身安全方面事件增加,例如大規(guī)模槍擊和襲擊,令人憂心忡忡。為了應(yīng)對(duì)這一新現(xiàn)實(shí)和不斷變化的威脅形勢(shì),越來越多的董事會(huì)將要求公司記錄其針對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和人身安全威脅的安全備案計(jì)劃和應(yīng)急準(zhǔn)備培訓(xùn)。公司要對(duì)客戶、訪客和員工的線上線下福祉負(fù)責(zé),因此,安全和安保這兩個(gè)至關(guān)重要的方面將最終打破各自的藩籬,共同創(chuàng)建先進(jìn)的態(tài)勢(shì)感知?!薄说谩讨危≒eter George),Evolv Technology首席執(zhí)行官

融資:讓信貸流動(dòng)起來

“私人信貸仍然將是杠桿收購(gòu)的主要資金來源,而不是廣泛意義上的銀團(tuán)貸款,直到利率趨于平穩(wěn),廣泛意義上的銀團(tuán)貸款的定價(jià)彈性收窄并企穩(wěn)。民間信貸公司的支票規(guī)模將繼續(xù)低于2022年年初的規(guī)模,這意味著將有更多的民間信貸公司聯(lián)合起來為更大規(guī)模的杠桿收購(gòu)提供贊助?!薄死锼埂ち郑↘ris Ring),Goodwin Procter合伙人

“2023年,超過10%的私募股權(quán)未變現(xiàn)資產(chǎn)管理規(guī)模(約2萬億美元)將通過流動(dòng)性和資本的‘替代’來源融資,主要是由資產(chǎn)凈值融資提供者負(fù)責(zé)融資,并通過存續(xù)基金和剝離銷售來實(shí)現(xiàn)。”——斯蒂芬·奎因(Stephen Quinn),17Capital常務(wù)董事

“與私人債務(wù)相比,公共債務(wù)的回報(bào)將不值一提,因?yàn)樵诶式档椭?,新發(fā)行量將在未來幾年保持低迷。因此,我們很可能會(huì)看到私人債務(wù)的復(fù)蘇,就像全球金融危機(jī)后發(fā)生的情況一樣。只要看看黑石集團(tuán)(Blackstone)、KKR和其他大型資產(chǎn)配置機(jī)構(gòu)的做法,就能夠知道未來一年及以后的機(jī)會(huì)在哪些領(lǐng)域?!薄{爾遜·朱(Nelson Chu),Percent創(chuàng)始人及首席執(zhí)行官(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:中慧言-王芳

歡迎來到2023年,這是一版非常特別的《投資意向書》,我們請(qǐng)讀者——一眾風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資人、創(chuàng)始人、私募股權(quán)投資人和銀行家——用水晶球預(yù)卜未來,然后告訴我們未來一年會(huì)發(fā)生什么。

今年,我們匯總了100多項(xiàng)預(yù)測(cè),從風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資家是否會(huì)競(jìng)選公職的快速表態(tài),到哲學(xué)專業(yè)學(xué)生是否會(huì)在人工智能驅(qū)動(dòng)的世界里成為招聘首選的深入分析。當(dāng)然,還有關(guān)于有多少獨(dú)角獸公司可能會(huì)隕落的猜測(cè),以及哪些行業(yè)最有可能進(jìn)行并購(gòu)交易的情報(bào)。今年的預(yù)測(cè)太多,我們決定單獨(dú)列出幾個(gè)部分(加密貨幣、招聘、并購(gòu)和元宇宙),并挑選出我們青睞的預(yù)測(cè),詳情如下:

我們提出問題,你們來回答問題。以下是你們認(rèn)為的2023年可能出現(xiàn)的情況。

注:為清晰和/或簡(jiǎn)練起見,部分答案已精簡(jiǎn)。

估值與生存:在一眾獨(dú)角獸公司中進(jìn)行篩選

“至少有十幾家獨(dú)角獸公司和上市公司會(huì)破產(chǎn),這將給風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資市場(chǎng)再潑一盆冷水。”——里克·祖洛(Rick Zullo)和理查德·克爾比(Richard Kerby),Equal Ventures聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人及普通合伙人

“預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)有更多輪由內(nèi)部人士主導(dǎo)的融資,尤其是考慮到目前的經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境。”——加利姆·伊曼巴耶夫(Galym Imanbayev)博士,Lightspeed Venture Partners合伙人

“我們預(yù)計(jì)2023年上半年投資將放緩,因?yàn)橥顿Y者會(huì)避開估值過高的進(jìn)入后期融資階段的公司。”——熱內(nèi)·蒂爾(Gené Teare), Crunchbase News高級(jí)數(shù)據(jù)編輯

“風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資不可能長(zhǎng)期凍結(jié),到2023年年底,我們會(huì)看到投資恢復(fù)正常。風(fēng)投基金創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的基金備用金必須按照時(shí)間表進(jìn)行布局,并為投資者創(chuàng)造良好回報(bào)。風(fēng)投界是由謠言和趨同思維驅(qū)動(dòng)的。要釋放壓抑許久的旺盛需求,只需要有一個(gè)人進(jìn)行投資,然后激發(fā)其他人對(duì)錯(cuò)失良機(jī)的恐懼。”——彼得·佩扎里斯(Peter Pezaris),New Relic戰(zhàn)略及經(jīng)驗(yàn)高級(jí)副總裁

“2023年的估值修正不會(huì)像一些人預(yù)期的那樣極端,因?yàn)?021年獲得大規(guī)模融資且資金狀況良好的公司采取了現(xiàn)金留存策略?!薄鞣颉R爾伯曼(Dave Zilberman),Norwest Venture Partners普通合伙人

“2022年年初,全球有1,000多家獨(dú)角獸公司。到2023年,無論公司實(shí)力如何,這些公司中有四分之三都將面臨破產(chǎn)。實(shí)力雄厚的公司被迫自降估值,從而為自己在融資成長(zhǎng)期創(chuàng)造良好機(jī)會(huì)。”——莫·奧斯本(Mo Osborne),Capital V創(chuàng)始投資人

“2023年將出現(xiàn)世界上第一家氣候技術(shù)初創(chuàng)‘巨龍’(一家在B+輪融資中估值超過120億美元的私營(yíng)初創(chuàng)公司)?!薄既R恩·沃爾什(Brian Walsh),WIND Ventures

社交網(wǎng)絡(luò):埃隆·馬斯克的困境

“在收購(gòu)?fù)铺兀═witter)交易陷入混亂之后,包括Mastodon在內(nèi)的多個(gè)中心化和去中心化網(wǎng)站應(yīng)運(yùn)而生,成為推特的替代品,多個(gè)品牌和廣告商在2022年年底終止與該平臺(tái)合作。然而,據(jù)我預(yù)測(cè),到2023年年底,用戶將重返推特——但推特在一年內(nèi)會(huì)發(fā)生多大的變化,將為我們所有人帶來驚喜?!薄~克爾·瓊斯(Michael Jones),Science Inc.首席執(zhí)行官兼常務(wù)董事

最近,推特公司將被迫出售更多股權(quán)來支付140億美元債務(wù)的利息(馬斯克收購(gòu)?fù)铺貢r(shí)融資140億美元)。埃隆試圖以推特的實(shí)際價(jià)值(估計(jì)接近100億美元,而不是440億美元)來收購(gòu)這些債務(wù),并通過重組收回收購(gòu)?fù)铺貢r(shí)支付的部分溢價(jià)。他將債務(wù)轉(zhuǎn)換為股權(quán),進(jìn)一步增加了他的投資敞口。他改變了盈利模式,將價(jià)值8美元的藍(lán)V認(rèn)證、付費(fèi)訂閱服務(wù)(可以使用高級(jí)功能)或某些特殊形式的訪問結(jié)合起來,并新增直接通訊功能,以期重新吸引流失的廣告客戶。他還納入了一個(gè)支付系統(tǒng),轉(zhuǎn)賬時(shí)不需要銀行賬戶,只需要推特用戶定位和手機(jī)號(hào)碼。推特公司攻克了難題,能夠?yàn)椤形撮_立銀行賬戶的人提供銀行服務(wù)’,必將重返昔日的輝煌。”——馬特·巴比里(Matt Barbieri),Wiss & Company合伙人

“基于個(gè)人的傳統(tǒng)社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)(例如Facebook)持續(xù)走向沒落。相反,當(dāng)今社交媒體最主要的形式是第三方算法內(nèi)容——TikTok模式。這種模式將社交媒體從基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的連接轉(zhuǎn)向娛樂消費(fèi)。2023年,我將密切關(guān)注社區(qū)驅(qū)動(dòng)的社交媒體的回歸。這些新型社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)將鼓勵(lì)人們積極參與社會(huì)活動(dòng),并尋找歸屬感。”——李尤利(Youri Lee),IVP投資者

人工智能:柏拉圖卷土重來

“在OpenAI的GPT-3對(duì)會(huì)話式人工智能和聊天機(jī)器人的影響下,語(yǔ)音服務(wù)將滲透到各行業(yè)的軟件即服務(wù)(SaaS)應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景中,因?yàn)樽匀徽Z(yǔ)言處理涉及整個(gè)企業(yè)的所有業(yè)務(wù)功能?!薄崮取ぐ⒉榈录玻∟ina Achadjian),Index Ventures合伙人

“由于大型語(yǔ)言模型的興起,自然語(yǔ)言將開始取代圖形用戶界面(GUIs)成為主要的人機(jī)界面。消費(fèi)者只需輸入語(yǔ)音或文本,就可以生成代碼,控制軟件應(yīng)用程序,并創(chuàng)建豐富的多媒體內(nèi)容。”——塔利亞·戈德堡(Talia Goldberg),Bessemer Venture Partners合伙人

“我認(rèn)為很多枯燥的哲學(xué)內(nèi)容明年將變得重要起來,比如什么是真理,我們是如何認(rèn)識(shí)事物的……我認(rèn)為我們明年將面臨兩大難題(源自生成式人工智能和大型語(yǔ)言模型)。一是謊言和廢話將成倍增加,因?yàn)椴环ǚ肿永萌斯ぶ悄芸梢陨筛鞣N可怕的垃圾信息。二是人們正在考慮的大多數(shù)用例——人工智能要解決的問題——實(shí)際上都不會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn),直到我們研發(fā)出一種完全不同的技術(shù),能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)推理,而不僅僅是自動(dòng)補(bǔ)全單詞……人們將被迫思考認(rèn)識(shí)論和投資者以前沒有考慮過的事情。大學(xué)哲學(xué)專業(yè)的學(xué)生就業(yè)不再是問題?!薄茽枴だe(Phil Libin),All Turtles and mmhmm聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人及首席執(zhí)行官

“在人工智能領(lǐng)域,雖然目前仍存在對(duì)大型語(yǔ)言模型(LLMs)的狂熱,但預(yù)計(jì)這波熱潮今年年中會(huì)進(jìn)入低谷期,因?yàn)槿藗円庾R(shí)到距離人工智能有效取代人類互動(dòng)仍然有很長(zhǎng)的路要走?!薄埂ね柨瓶怂梗≧uss Wilcox), Pillar VC合伙人

"在人工智能算法的命令下,發(fā)生了一起重大金融犯罪,檢察官對(duì)軟件開發(fā)人員提起了訴訟。該案件顯示,這些模型是開源的,因此,檢察官在認(rèn)定被告的過程中遇到了許多挫折?!薄樗埂ち_伯茨(Chase Roberts),Vertex Ventures負(fù)責(zé)人

招聘/裁員:大規(guī)模裁員

“2022年的常態(tài)是裁員(10%-20%),而2023年的常態(tài)將是大規(guī)模裁員(50%以上)。情況在好轉(zhuǎn)之前會(huì)變得更糟?!薄R克·戈德堡(Mark Goldberg),Index Ventures合伙人

加密貨幣:薩姆·班克曼——隕落

“迪拜將成為世界加密貨幣之都。”——伊迪絲·楊(Edith Yeung),Race Capital普通合伙人

“擁有專門的加密貨幣基金的風(fēng)投公司將根據(jù)市場(chǎng)情況重新分配資金。”——?jiǎng)趥悺に_爾斯(Lauren Salz),Sealed聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人及首席執(zhí)行官

Meta+元宇宙:?jiǎn)?dòng)失敗

“在2023年,由于收入持續(xù)下降,投資者不斷施加壓力,我們可能會(huì)看到Meta放棄目前所有的嘗試和投資,集中精力完成元宇宙項(xiàng)目。”——貝努瓦·瓦特雷(Benoit Vatere),Mammoth Media首席執(zhí)行官及聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人

籌資:行尸走肉

“在FTX丑聞之后,有限合伙人(將)開始重新撰寫相關(guān)文件,從而能夠更好地控制風(fēng)投,并對(duì)風(fēng)投實(shí)行問責(zé)?!薄芊颉たㄌ兀↗eff Carter),West Loop Ventures普通合伙人

“今年公開市場(chǎng)和私募市場(chǎng)的估值變化促使許多有限合伙人評(píng)估收益來源和未來回報(bào)潛力,并更清楚地了解自己的流動(dòng)性狀況。隨著資金在2023年重返市場(chǎng),我認(rèn)為有限合伙人的變動(dòng)會(huì)更大,因?yàn)樗麄儠?huì)評(píng)估他們希望在接下來的幾十年里投資的長(zhǎng)期合作伙伴,這與他們目前或過去的投資組合可能會(huì)有很大不同?!薄葷伞た死松˙eezer Clarkson),Sapphire Partners合伙人

“機(jī)構(gòu)有限合伙人將要求進(jìn)行深入調(diào)查(即便是在早期階段),并優(yōu)先考慮金融公司,而不是營(yíng)銷工作,這再次提高了首次融資和后續(xù)再融資的門檻。為數(shù)不多的優(yōu)勝者將脫穎而出,它們將成為未來的紅杉資本(Sequoias)。”——阿舍·克勞特(Asher Kraut),Generational Partners合伙人

“我們將看到一些大型基金(1億以上)在未能為未來基金籌集到額外的有限合伙人資本后,緩慢進(jìn)入公開破產(chǎn)過程,導(dǎo)致普通合伙人離開?!薄槔ゑR(Charley Ma),F(xiàn)intech at Alloy天使投資人兼總經(jīng)理

硅谷:存活下來

“舊金山灣區(qū)仍然將是科技創(chuàng)始人和創(chuàng)新的發(fā)源地。在新冠疫情期間,在科技重鎮(zhèn)以外尋找人才當(dāng)然是有好處的,但我們發(fā)現(xiàn)硅谷走向回歸,其重要性日益凸顯。曾經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間,另一個(gè)城市本可以成為實(shí)際意義上的科技重鎮(zhèn)。邁阿密太落后了;紐約是唯一的候選項(xiàng)。但面對(duì)面交流活動(dòng)正在回歸,初創(chuàng)公司也繼續(xù)在硅谷注冊(cè)成立,而且硅谷能夠?yàn)榭萍季W(wǎng)絡(luò)和創(chuàng)新提供無可比擬的機(jī)會(huì)。網(wǎng)絡(luò)效應(yīng)依然存在。唯一的弊端是硅谷的生活成本很高?!薄榴R德·阿洪德(Immad Akhund),Mercury聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人及首席執(zhí)行官

“盡管各類報(bào)告和預(yù)測(cè)都表明舊金山灣區(qū)將失去主導(dǎo)地位,但我們依舊堅(jiān)信舊金山灣區(qū)將保持其主導(dǎo)地位?!薄驳稀な┩?nèi)斯(Andy Stinnes),Cloud Apps Capital Partners普通合伙人

工業(yè)+供應(yīng)鏈:預(yù)測(cè)正在進(jìn)行中

“我們將看到2022年頒布的全面產(chǎn)業(yè)政策[《通貨膨脹削減法案》(Inflation Reduction Act)、《基建法案》(Infrastructure Bill)、《芯片法案》(CHIPS Act)]的影響開始顯現(xiàn)。到2023年第一季度,將敲定有關(guān)立法如何實(shí)施的許多細(xì)節(jié),制造清潔技術(shù)、向美國(guó)政府提供產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)和/或?yàn)殛P(guān)鍵供應(yīng)鏈提供服務(wù)的公司將得到大幅提振。一方面,全球能源價(jià)格持續(xù)上漲,另一方面,各法案提供了諸多激勵(lì)措施,“萬物電氣化”將出現(xiàn)拐點(diǎn),這將為新進(jìn)入者創(chuàng)造巨大的機(jī)會(huì),它們有望在未來成長(zhǎng)為最具代表性的公司——我們將在未來十年造就更多的特斯拉(Tesla)?!薄菘āね郀柭∕onica Varman),G2 Venture Partners合伙人

“在產(chǎn)業(yè)政策方面,我們將看到自20世紀(jì)50年代和60年代以來最大規(guī)模的復(fù)蘇計(jì)劃和最大膽的提案,既要達(dá)成社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)目標(biāo),又要指導(dǎo)半導(dǎo)體和人工智能等戰(zhàn)略技術(shù)的發(fā)展和應(yīng)用。全球供應(yīng)鏈因?yàn)閼?zhàn)爭(zhēng)、大國(guó)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和氣候變化而中斷,上述舉措旨在彌合全球技術(shù)分裂,修復(fù)日趨分裂的商業(yè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。在私營(yíng)領(lǐng)域和公共領(lǐng)域的相關(guān)業(yè)務(wù)融合之前,實(shí)現(xiàn)業(yè)務(wù)融合的企業(yè)將建立長(zhǎng)期彈性,并可以迅速適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)變化?!薄N摹な访芩梗‥van Smith),Altana Technologies首席執(zhí)行官及聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人

“嚴(yán)重依賴中國(guó)供應(yīng)鏈和制造業(yè)的美國(guó)企業(yè)將把部分業(yè)務(wù)和補(bǔ)給線轉(zhuǎn)移到其他亞洲國(guó)家,包括印度和越南?!薄獑碳{森·魯納(Jonathan Rouner),野村證券(Nomura)副會(huì)長(zhǎng)兼國(guó)際并購(gòu)主管

“機(jī)器人、3D打印和自動(dòng)化行業(yè)都將得到提振,而制造業(yè)公司為了利用第45X節(jié)的稅收抵免規(guī)定,不斷增加產(chǎn)量和采購(gòu),不可避免會(huì)遇到勞動(dòng)力短缺問題。第45X節(jié)將在未來10年為美國(guó)生產(chǎn)的太陽(yáng)能電池板、風(fēng)力渦輪機(jī)和電動(dòng)汽車電池等零部件以及用于生產(chǎn)這些產(chǎn)品的礦物提供300億美元的稅收抵免,這為各大公司帶來了勞工挑戰(zhàn)。在勞動(dòng)力仍然短缺的情況下,企業(yè)要設(shè)法跟上需求的步伐,無疑會(huì)將機(jī)器人技術(shù)推向最前沿?!薄つ釥枴P蒂爾(Daniel Ketyer),Piva Capital投資人

[注:第45X節(jié):《通貨膨脹削減法案2022》針對(duì)先進(jìn)制造業(yè)生產(chǎn)稅收補(bǔ)貼,修訂了《國(guó)內(nèi)稅收法》(Internal Revenue Code)第45節(jié),增加了新的第45X節(jié)。其中包括稅收抵免計(jì)算規(guī)定。]

政治/政府:白宮的暖通空調(diào)系統(tǒng)

“白宮將用熱泵取代暖通空調(diào)系統(tǒng)。”——安迪·弗蘭克(Andy Frank), Sealed創(chuàng)始人及總裁

“2023年,監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)、立法者和訴訟當(dāng)事人將繼續(xù)關(guān)注未成年人的隱私權(quán)。2022年,我們見證了美國(guó)聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會(huì)(FTC)在保護(hù)兒童隱私權(quán)方面采取強(qiáng)硬立場(chǎng),對(duì)社交媒體公司涉及兒童的活動(dòng)進(jìn)行深入調(diào)查,提出一系列涉及兒童隱私的法案,并通過了變革性的《加州適齡設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范法案》(California Age Appropriate Design Code Act)。在未來的一年里,我們將看到這些趨勢(shì)的延續(xù),同時(shí)我們也將見證相關(guān)技術(shù)解決方案的激增,以協(xié)助保護(hù)未成年人的隱私權(quán)益?!薄芸铡た寺迦耍↗acqueline Klosek),Goodwin Procter合伙人

“一位著名的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資家宣布參加初選。盡管此人之前是民主黨的重要籌款人,但卻以中間偏右的共和黨人身份參選?!薄樗埂ち_伯茨,Vertex Ventures負(fù)責(zé)人

“2023年,為了應(yīng)對(duì)不斷變化的數(shù)據(jù)隱私法規(guī),大型科技公司將制定新企業(yè)政策。在沒有聯(lián)邦數(shù)據(jù)隱私法的情況下,大型科技公司將不得不調(diào)整業(yè)務(wù),以滿足各州不同的隱私政策。隨著對(duì)消費(fèi)者數(shù)據(jù)保護(hù)的要求越來越高,各州政策制定者將被迫開出巨額罰單來打擊大型科技公司的數(shù)據(jù)收集工作?!薄固胤摇ど嶝愃顾⊿teffen Schebesta),Sendinblue北美首席執(zhí)行官兼企業(yè)發(fā)展副總裁

“由于政府預(yù)算將保持強(qiáng)勁,B2G模式(即企業(yè)與政府之間通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)所進(jìn)行的交易活動(dòng)的運(yùn)作模式)將(再)掀熱潮?!薄S賈伊·查塔(Vijay Chattha),VSC創(chuàng)始人及首席執(zhí)行官

更廣泛的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資:轉(zhuǎn)向登月計(jì)劃

“鑒于目前的市場(chǎng)狀況,在很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間內(nèi),人們都對(duì)獲得新投資回報(bào)不抱希望。因此,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資家將更傾向于投資登月計(jì)劃、種子階段的初創(chuàng)公司。與此同時(shí),高端人才若發(fā)現(xiàn)自己供職的處于后期融資階段的公司無法獲得后續(xù)融資,他們將更傾向于自行承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn),創(chuàng)辦自己的公司?!薄獫刹肌ぐN乃梗╖eb Evans),ClickUp創(chuàng)始人及首席執(zhí)行官

“首次公開募股市場(chǎng)在第二季度前基本上已經(jīng)關(guān)閉,并將在第二季度逐漸重新開放(與市場(chǎng)開始反彈的時(shí)間一致)?!薄C贰つ字Z·德洛斯里奧斯(Jaime Moreno de Los Rios),Secfi首席運(yùn)營(yíng)官

“我在2011年和2021年都參與了籌資工作。在這十年的時(shí)間里,風(fēng)投不斷辜負(fù)女性創(chuàng)始人。2021年,美國(guó)女性只獲得了2%的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資。我預(yù)測(cè),明年情況也不會(huì)有很大改觀,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資公司將繼續(xù)忽視開展隱性偏見培訓(xùn)的迫切要求。希望我的想法是錯(cuò)的。”——特蕾西·楊(Tracy Young),TigerEye聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人及首席執(zhí)行官

醫(yī)療保健:心理方面

“未來將進(jìn)行更多心理健康和初級(jí)保健方面的整合和并購(gòu)交易,虛擬全納式模式將應(yīng)用于面對(duì)面的初級(jí)保健和/或心理健康活動(dòng)。在基于價(jià)值/風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的合同結(jié)構(gòu)中,該模式將在實(shí)現(xiàn)價(jià)值獲取方面發(fā)揮突出作用。”——娜奧米·艾倫(Naomi Allen),Brightline聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人及首席執(zhí)行官

“由于數(shù)字基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和無代碼/低代碼解決方案的興起,保險(xiǎn)將在日常交易中變得更加‘隱形’。啟用這些功能的公司將獲得截然不同的消費(fèi)者行為數(shù)據(jù)集,從而加快承保速度,并制定更個(gè)性化、更具預(yù)測(cè)性的保單?!薄蚶颉とR曼(Lily Lyman),Underscore VC合伙人

“到2023年,我們預(yù)計(jì)將看到技術(shù)創(chuàng)新解決50歲以上人士的社會(huì)孤立問題,因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在有近2,600萬50歲或以上的美國(guó)人獨(dú)自生活,而20年前只有1,500萬。我們需要實(shí)現(xiàn)更多技術(shù)助力的人與人之間的互動(dòng),從交友到接受再就業(yè)培訓(xùn),再到在家接受醫(yī)療保健服務(wù)。盡管人們普遍認(rèn)為新冠疫情帶來諸多不便,但疫情加速了數(shù)字滲透,并為這些受眾提供了舒適享受?!薄⒈取っ桌铡だS(Abby Miller Levy),Primetime Partners執(zhí)行合伙人及聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人

并購(gòu):實(shí)現(xiàn)整合

“網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物和食品配送將持續(xù)整合。戰(zhàn)略家們將開始涉足并購(gòu),因?yàn)閭鹘y(tǒng)零售商仍然擁有強(qiáng)勁的資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表,食品電商的估值也變得越來越有吸引力。收購(gòu)對(duì)象將擁有強(qiáng)勁的財(cái)務(wù)狀況,但資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表可能較弱?!薄⒈取だ肥玻ˋbhi Ramesh),Misfits Market創(chuàng)始人及首席執(zhí)行官

網(wǎng)絡(luò):詐騙組織

“未來詐騙組織或詐騙團(tuán)伙將實(shí)施有組織的詐騙。這些詐騙組織實(shí)施半自動(dòng)化操作,將人力與移動(dòng)技術(shù)相結(jié)合來擴(kuò)大核心欺詐活動(dòng),包括通過社交工程竊取身份和接管賬戶。雖然零工經(jīng)濟(jì)公司在2022年主要聚焦內(nèi)容審核,但我預(yù)測(cè),明年我們將看到焦點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)向政策制定和自動(dòng)濫用檢測(cè),以將欺詐扼殺在搖籃里,并確保重復(fù)違規(guī)者被標(biāo)記和封禁?!薄驳铝摇べM(fèi)拉斯(André Ferraz),Incognia首席執(zhí)行官及創(chuàng)始人

“在過去的一年里,網(wǎng)絡(luò)和人身安全方面事件增加,例如大規(guī)模槍擊和襲擊,令人憂心忡忡。為了應(yīng)對(duì)這一新現(xiàn)實(shí)和不斷變化的威脅形勢(shì),越來越多的董事會(huì)將要求公司記錄其針對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和人身安全威脅的安全備案計(jì)劃和應(yīng)急準(zhǔn)備培訓(xùn)。公司要對(duì)客戶、訪客和員工的線上線下福祉負(fù)責(zé),因此,安全和安保這兩個(gè)至關(guān)重要的方面將最終打破各自的藩籬,共同創(chuàng)建先進(jìn)的態(tài)勢(shì)感知?!薄说谩讨危≒eter George),Evolv Technology首席執(zhí)行官

融資:讓信貸流動(dòng)起來

“私人信貸仍然將是杠桿收購(gòu)的主要資金來源,而不是廣泛意義上的銀團(tuán)貸款,直到利率趨于平穩(wěn),廣泛意義上的銀團(tuán)貸款的定價(jià)彈性收窄并企穩(wěn)。民間信貸公司的支票規(guī)模將繼續(xù)低于2022年年初的規(guī)模,這意味著將有更多的民間信貸公司聯(lián)合起來為更大規(guī)模的杠桿收購(gòu)提供贊助?!薄死锼埂ち郑↘ris Ring),Goodwin Procter合伙人

“2023年,超過10%的私募股權(quán)未變現(xiàn)資產(chǎn)管理規(guī)模(約2萬億美元)將通過流動(dòng)性和資本的‘替代’來源融資,主要是由資產(chǎn)凈值融資提供者負(fù)責(zé)融資,并通過存續(xù)基金和剝離銷售來實(shí)現(xiàn)?!薄沟俜摇た颍⊿tephen Quinn),17Capital常務(wù)董事

“與私人債務(wù)相比,公共債務(wù)的回報(bào)將不值一提,因?yàn)樵诶式档椭埃掳l(fā)行量將在未來幾年保持低迷。因此,我們很可能會(huì)看到私人債務(wù)的復(fù)蘇,就像全球金融危機(jī)后發(fā)生的情況一樣。只要看看黑石集團(tuán)(Blackstone)、KKR和其他大型資產(chǎn)配置機(jī)構(gòu)的做法,就能夠知道未來一年及以后的機(jī)會(huì)在哪些領(lǐng)域。”——納爾遜·朱(Nelson Chu),Percent創(chuàng)始人及首席執(zhí)行官(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:中慧言-王芳

Welcome to 2023, and a very special edition of Term Sheet, where we ask readers—a slew of VCs, founders, private equity investors, and bankers—to look into their crystal ball and tell us what to expect in the year ahead.

For this year’s issue, we dug through more than 100 predictions, ranging from quick takes on whether venture capitalists would run for office to thoughtful analysis on whether philosophy majors will be at the top of the hire list in an artificial intelligence-powered world. And of course, speculation as to how many unicorns may lose their status, and intel as to which sectors are most poised for M&A deals. There were so many predictions this year that we decided to break out a few sections (crypto, hiring, M&A, and the metaverse) on their own, though you can still find a sampling of our favorites below.

We asked, and you delivered. Here is what 2023 may have in store, in your words:

Note: Some answers have been shortened for clarity and/or brevity.

Valuations and survival: The winnowing of the unicorn herd

“At least a dozen unicorns and public companies will go bankrupt, throwing additional cold water on the venture market.”—Rick Zullo and Richard Kerby, co-founders and general partners, Equal Ventures

“Expect to see more insider-led funding rounds, particularly given the economic climate.”—Dr. Galym Imanbayev, partner, Lightspeed Venture Partners

“We expect a slow H1 2023 as investors continue to shy away from overvalued late-stage companies”—Gené Teare, senior data editor, Crunchbase News

“Venture capital simply cannot stay frozen for long, and we’ll see renewed investments by the end of 2023. The record amount of dry powder at VC funds must be deployed according to schedules and in search of returns for investors. The VC community is driven by rumors and groupthink. All it will take to unlock a furious wave of pent-up demand is one person investing and sparking everyone else’s fear of missing out.”—Peter Pezaris, SVP of strategy and experience, New Relic

“Valuation correction in 2023 won’t be as extreme as some expect due to cash preservation strategies from the very well capitalized cohort of companies that raised big rounds in 2021.”—Dave Zilberman, general partner, Norwest Venture Partners

“There were over 1,000 unicorns globally at the beginning of 2022. In 2023, three-fourths of those companies won’t be unicorns—the good and bad businesses alike. The strongest companies have and will be forced to take down rounds, creating healthy opportunities at the growth stage.”—Mo Osborne, founding investor, Capital V

“2023 will reveal the world’s first Climate-tech startup ‘dragon’ (a private startup valued at $12B+).”—Brian Walsh, WIND Ventures

Social networks: The Elon Musk dilemma

“Following Twitter acquisition chaos—multiple centralized and decentralized sites including Mastodon have popped up as Twitter replacements with multiple brands and advertisers cutting ties with the platform at the end of 2022. However, it is my prediction that by the end of 2023, users will return to Twitter—but how much Twitter will change in a year will be a surprise to us all.”—Michael Jones, CEO and managing director, Science Inc.

“Twitter struggles to make interest payments on their recently acquired debt of ~$14 billion and is forced to sell more equity to cover the cost. Elon makes a play to acquire that debt at the actual value of Twitter (estimated to be closer to $10Bn than $44Bn) and is able to recoup some of the premium he paid for Twitter via a quasi-reorganization. He converts that debt to equity, further increasing his exposure to the investment. He changes the revenue model to be a mix of blue check $8 subscription for premium content or some special form of access and begins to add direct communication features for users which starts to re-attract lost ad customers. He incorporates a payment system that does not require a bank account to transfer funds, only a Twitter handle and cell phone number. Twitter cracks the code on ‘banking the unbankable’ and returns to its previous glory.”—Matt Barbieri, partner, Wiss & Company

“Traditional social networks based on individuals (like Facebook) have been declining. Instead, the most dominant form of social media today is algorithmic 3rd party content—the Tik Tok Model. This model has changed social media from network-based connections to consumed entertainment. In 2023, I will be closely watching for a return to community-driven social media. These new social networks will encourage participation and a sense of belonging.”—Youri Lee, investor, IVP

A.I.: Plato makes a comeback

“Voice will be more pervasive in SaaS across industries, driven by OpenAI’s GPT-3 influence on conversational A.I. and chatbots—as NPL touches business functions across the enterprise.”—Nina Achadjian, partner, Index Ventures

“Thanks to the rise of large language models, natural language will begin to replace GUIs as the primary human-machine interface. Using just voice or text as the input, consumers will generate code, control software apps, and create rich multimedia content.”—Talia Goldberg, partner, Bessemer Venture Partners

“I think a lot of boring philosophy is going to become important next year—like what is the meaning of truth and how do we know things… You have two problems [stemming from generative A.I. and large language models] that I think we’re going to face next year. One is that the amount of lies and bullshit that we are subjected to is going to increase exponentially, just because bad actors will use A.I. to generate all sorts of horrible garbage. But the second problem is that most of the use cases that people are thinking about—what A.I.s are going to solve—aren’t actually going to come to pass until we get a pretty different type of technology that is capable of actually reasoning, rather than just auto-completing words… It’s going to force people to think about epistemology and stuff that investors haven’t thought about. College philosophy majors will become employable.”—Phil Libin, co-founder and CEO, All Turtles and mmhmm

“In A.I., while there is currently a mania for large language models (LLMs), expect a trough of disillusionment by about mid-year as people realize there is still a long way to go before A.I. can usefully replace human interaction.”—Russ Wilcox, partner, Pillar VC

“A major financial crime occurs at the behest of an A.I. algorithm, and prosecutors introduce a case against the software developers. The case reveals the models are open-source, and prosecutors stumble over themselves to establish a defendant.”—Chase Roberts, principal, Vertex Ventures

Hiring/Layoffs: Cleaving the workforce

“The 2022 norm has been to trim (10-20% of workforce), while the norm in 2023 will be to cleave (50%+ of workforce). Things will get worse before they get better.”—Mark Goldberg, partner, Index Ventures

Crypto: Sam Bankman-Finished

“Dubai will become the crypto capital of the world. ”—Edith Yeung, general partner, Race Capital

“VC firms with dedicated crypto funds will reallocate to climate.”—Lauren Salz, co-founder and CEO, Sealed

Meta + the metaverse: Failure to launch

“In 2023, we’ll likely see Meta shut down all of its current efforts and investments into completing its Metaverse due to continuous drop in revenue and investor pressure.”—Benoit Vatere, CEO and co-founder, Mammoth Media

Fundraising: The walking dead

“LP’s [will] start to redo documents getting more control and accountability over VCs in wake of FTX scandal.”—Jeff Carter, general partner, West Loop Ventures

“The public and private market valuation changes this year have motivated many LPs to take stock of where returns have come from, future return potential and a clearer picture of their own liquidity profile. As funds come back to market in 2023, I think we’ll see greater LP churn as they evaluate long-term partners they want to be invested with for the following decades, which could look meaningfully different than their current or past portfolio.”—Beezer Clarkson, partner, Sapphire Partners

“Institutional LPs will demand in-depth diligence (even at earliest stages) and prioritize financial firms vs. marketing efforts, once again raising the bar for first-time funds & subsequent re-ups. The few winners who emerge will build the Sequoias of tomorrow.”—Asher Kraut, partner, Generational Partners

“We’ll see some large funds (100M+) slowly, but publicly, fail after failing to raise additional LP capital for future funds, causing GPs to leave.”—Charley Ma, angel investor and GM, Fintech at Alloy

The Valley: Stayin’ alive

“The San Francisco Bay Area will persist as the home for the tech founders and for innovation. There was certainly a benefit to looking beyond major tech hubs for hiring during the pandemic, but we are seeing a return of the importance of Silicon Valley. There was a moment in time when another city could’ve become the de facto tech hub. Miami was too far behind; New York was the only other possibility. But the Valley holds unparalleled opportunity for tech networking and innovation as in-person events pick back up and startups continue to incorporate here. The network effect still exists. It’s just expensive to live here.”—Immad Akhund, co-founder and CEO, Mercury

“We firmly believe the San Francisco Bay Area will retain its dominant role and position—despite all reports and predictions to the contrary.”—Andy Stinnes, general partner, Cloud Apps Capital Partners

Industrials + supply chain: Predictions en route

“We will see the impact of the sweeping industrial policy enacted in 2022 (the Inflation Reduction Act, the infrastructure bill, the CHIPS Act) start to materialize. By Q1 2023 a lot of the details of how the legislation will be implemented will be worked out, and companies that are manufacturing clean technologies, selling to the U.S. government, and/or serving critical supply chains will get a big boost. Between persistently high global energy prices and the bills’ incentives, there will be an inflection point in the ‘electrification of everything,’ which will create huge opportunities for new entrants to become the iconic companies of tomorrow—we will have many more Teslas created in the next decade.”—Monica Varman, partner, G2 Venture Partners

“We’ll see the largest resurgence, and boldest proposals, of industrial policy since the 1950s and ’60s, both to meet social and economic goals and to guide the development and access to strategic technologies like semiconductors and artificial intelligence. This will be a response to the fracturing of global technology and business networks as the world’s supply chains are disrupted by war, great power competition, and climate change. Businesses that get ahead of this convergence between private and public will establish long-term resiliency and adapt quickly.”—Evan Smith, CEO and co-founder, Altana Technologies

“U.S. businesses that are heavily dependent on supply chains and manufacturing in China will move some of their operations and supply lines to other Asian countries, including India and Vietnam.”—Jonathan Rouner, vice chairman and head of international M&A, Nomura

“Robotics, 3D printing, and automation industries will all get a boost as manufacturing firms bump into labor shortages as they increase US production and sourcing to take advantage of 45X tax credits. 45X, which directs $30 billion in tax credits over the next 10 years for US production of components such as solar panels, wind turbines, and batteries for electric vehicles, as well as the minerals that go into these products, sets up a labor challenge for these companies. With labor still in short supply, this will push robotic technologies to the forefront as companies try to keep pace with demands.”—Daniel Ketyer, investor, Piva Capital

Politics/government: HVAC at the White House

“The White House will replace its HVAC system with heat pumps.”—Andy Frank, founder and president, Sealed

“2023 will see regulators, legislators, and litigants continuing to focus on privacy rights of minors. 2022 bore witness to strong FTC messaging on children’s privacy rights, prominent investigations into social media companies for activities involving children, and the proposal of a number of bills concerning children’s privacy, as well as the passage of the transformative California Age Appropriate Design Code Act. In the coming year, we will see these trends continue, while we also witness the virtual explosion of technological solutions to assist in the protection of the privacy interests of minors.”—Jacqueline Klosek, partner, Goodwin Procter

“A prominent venture capitalist announces a primary campaign. This person runs as a barely-right-of-center Republican despite having previously been a prominent fundraiser for Democrats.’”—Chase Roberts, principal, Vertex Ventures

“2023 will be riddled with Big Tech companies developing corporate policies in direct response to evolving data privacy regulations. In absence of a federal data privacy law, Big Tech will have to shuffle their operations to meet varying state privacy policies. With increasing demands for consumer data protection, state policymakers will be forced to crack down on Big Tech’s data collection measures by issuing hefty fines.”—Steffen Schebesta, CEO North America & VP corporate development, Sendinblue

“B2G will get hot (again) because government’s budgets will stay strong.”—Vijay Chattha, founder and CEO, VSC

Broader VC: To the moon

“Given the state of the market, nobody is expecting to see a return on their new investments for a long time. As a result, venture capitalists will be more inclined to invest in moonshot, seed-stage startups. At the same time, the talent at later-stage companies who aren’t seeing an influx in capital will be more inclined to take risks and start their own companies.”—Zeb Evans, founder and CEO, ClickUp

“The IPO market will be on ice until Q2, and will slowly re-open in H2 (aligned with when markets start to rebound).”—Jaime Moreno de Los Rios, COO, Secfi

“I raised money in 2011 and in 2021. In the span of a decade, VCs continue to fail female founders. In 2021, women secured only 2% of venture capital in the U.S. I predict that little will change next year and that venture capital firms will continue to neglect the need for implicit bias training. Please prove me wrong.”—Tracy Young, co-founder and CEO, TigerEye

Health care: On the mental

“More mental health and primary care integration and M&A activity will happen to deliver virtual wraparounds for in-person primary care and/or mental health. This will play a prominent role in enabling value capture in value-based/at-risk contract structures.”—Naomi Allen, co-founder and CEO, Brightline

“Due to the rise of digital infrastructure and no/low code solutions, insurance will become ‘invisible’ in everyday transactions. Companies that enable these features will gain access to vastly different datasets on consumer behavior, making underwriting faster and creating more personalized, predictive policies.”—Lily Lyman, partner, Underscore VC

“In 2023, we expect to see innovation in technologies addressing issues like social isolation for the age 50+ market given the fact that nearly 26 million Americans 50 or older now live alone, up from 15 million just twenty years ago. We need more human-to-human interactions facilitated by technology, from making friends to reskilling for employment to receiving healthcare in the home. Covid has accelerated the digital penetration and comfort of this audience, despite popular belief.”—Abby Miller Levy, managing partner and co-founder, Primetime Partners

M&A: Let’s get together

“Online grocery and food delivery will see continued consolidation. Strategics will start to dabble in M&A as legacy retailers still have strong balance sheets and valuations for food e-commerce are getting attractive. Acquisition targets will have a strong financial profile but perhaps a weak balance sheet.”—Abhi Ramesh, founder and CEO, Misfits Market

Cyber: Fraud farming

“Fraud farms or fraud rings are the future of organized fraud. They are semi-automated operations that leverage human labor in combination with mobile technology to scale core fraud activities, including social engineering to steal identities and take over accounts. While content moderation has been the main focus of gig economy companies in 2022, next year, I predict that we will see a shift toward policy creation and automated abuse detection to prevent fraud before it happens and ensure repeat offenders are flagged and blocked.”—André Ferraz, CEO and founder, Incognia

“This past year ushered in worrying increases in both cyber and physical security—e.g., mass shootings, attacks. In response to this new reality and an ever-changing threat landscape, more and more boards will demand companies document their security readiness plans and emergency preparedness training for both cyber and physical threats. Through the process, these two critically important facets of safety and security will finally begin to break down their silos and come together to create advanced situational awareness as organizations are increasingly held responsible for the well-being of customers, visitors, and employees online and in person.”—Peter George, CEO, Evolv Technology

Financing: Please pass the credit

“Private credit will continue to be the overwhelming source of capital over broadly syndicated debt for LBOs until interest rates level off and the pricing flex built into broadly syndicated debt narrows and stabilizes. The check sizes of private credit lenders will continue to be smaller than those provided in early 2022, which means more private credit lenders clubbing together for sponsors for larger LBOs.”—Kris Ring, partner, Goodwin Procter

“In 2023, over 10% of private equity unrealized AUM (c. $2 trillion) will be financed by ‘a(chǎn)lternative’ sources of liquidity and capital, principally by providers of NAV Finance and through continuation vehicles and strip sales.”—Stephen Quinn, managing director, 17Capital

“Public debt returns are going to pale in comparison to private debt as new issuance volume will remain depressed for several years until rates are no longer this elevated. As a result, it’s likely that we will see a resurgence of private debt, similar to what happened post global financial crisis, and one needs only to look at what Blackstone, KKR, and other large institutional asset allocators are doing to see where the opportunity lies in the coming year and beyond.”—Nelson Chu, founder and CEO, Percent

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