今年8月22日發(fā)表在《英國運(yùn)動醫(yī)學(xué)雜志》(The British Journal of Sports Medicine)上的一項(xiàng)新研究表明,持續(xù)進(jìn)行體育活動可以降低感染新冠、住院和死亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
研究人員分析了在2019年11月至2022年3月期間發(fā)表的16項(xiàng)研究,其中包括來自世界各地的1,853,610名成年人,平均年齡為53歲。
數(shù)據(jù)顯示,與不經(jīng)常鍛煉身體的人相比,那些抽出時(shí)間經(jīng)常進(jìn)行體育鍛煉的人感染新冠的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低了11%,因?yàn)樾鹿诓《径≡旱娘L(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低了36%,患重病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低了44%,死于新冠病毒的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低了43%。
該研究的一名研究人員亞斯明·伊扎特瓦博士告訴《財(cái)富》雜志:“無論年齡、性別或體能如何,每個(gè)人都能夠從經(jīng)常鍛煉中受益?!?/p>
實(shí)現(xiàn)奇跡的運(yùn)動量是多少呢?綜合數(shù)據(jù)使用了任務(wù)的代謝當(dāng)量(Metabolic Equivalent of Task),它計(jì)算每分鐘活動燃燒的卡路里數(shù)量。根據(jù)研究人員的說法,最有效的任務(wù)代謝當(dāng)量是500,相當(dāng)于每周150分鐘的中等強(qiáng)度運(yùn)動或75分鐘的劇烈運(yùn)動。
這與美國疾病控制與預(yù)防中心(U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)的建議一致,即成年人每周應(yīng)該進(jìn)行150分鐘的中等強(qiáng)度運(yùn)動,同時(shí)進(jìn)行兩天的力量訓(xùn)練。
根據(jù)美國疾病控制與預(yù)防中心的數(shù)據(jù),四分之一的美國人“不活躍”,這意味著他們在日常工作之外不進(jìn)行體育鍛煉。
研究人員強(qiáng)調(diào)了體育活動對人體免疫系統(tǒng)的影響。
伊扎特瓦指出:“有證據(jù)表明,有規(guī)律的體育活動可能有助于激發(fā)更有效的免疫反應(yīng),增強(qiáng)對病毒的保護(hù)性免疫力,這可以解釋持續(xù)運(yùn)動與感染新冠之間的關(guān)系?!?/p>
據(jù)美國疾病控制與預(yù)防中心稱,有規(guī)律的體育活動能夠改善認(rèn)知功能、心理健康和睡眠表現(xiàn),還可以降低患慢性病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
研究參與者通過游泳、騎自行車、打排球、跑步和舉重,以及進(jìn)行其他活動,例如步行或騎動感單車來鍛煉身體。伊扎特瓦鼓勵(lì)每周至少兩天在你的日?;顒又性黾蛹∪鈴?qiáng)化活動,包括舉重訓(xùn)練、瑜伽或普拉提或阻力帶訓(xùn)練。她指出,有很多方法能夠把體育鍛煉融入到日常生活中,而不必放下手中的所有事情去健身房健身。
她說:“鍛煉身體可以作為工作、運(yùn)動、休閑或交通的一部分來完成。但也能夠通過跳舞、游玩和做家務(wù),比如園藝和清潔來完成?!?/p>
伊扎特瓦表示,鍛煉涉及盡可能多的肌肉群,可以帶來更多好處,并指出有規(guī)律的體育活動會產(chǎn)生“生理性適應(yīng)”。
伊扎特瓦說:“是時(shí)候把運(yùn)動當(dāng)作藥物了,開始體育鍛煉永遠(yuǎn)都為時(shí)不晚?!?/p>
這些聯(lián)合研究是觀察性的,因此需要進(jìn)行更多的研究,以研究有規(guī)律的體育活動對新冠反應(yīng)的潛在好處。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:中慧言-王芳
今年8月22日發(fā)表在《英國運(yùn)動醫(yī)學(xué)雜志》(The British Journal of Sports Medicine)上的一項(xiàng)新研究表明,持續(xù)進(jìn)行體育活動可以降低感染新冠、住院和死亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
研究人員分析了在2019年11月至2022年3月期間發(fā)表的16項(xiàng)研究,其中包括來自世界各地的1,853,610名成年人,平均年齡為53歲。
數(shù)據(jù)顯示,與不經(jīng)常鍛煉身體的人相比,那些抽出時(shí)間經(jīng)常進(jìn)行體育鍛煉的人感染新冠的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低了11%,因?yàn)樾鹿诓《径≡旱娘L(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低了36%,患重病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低了44%,死于新冠病毒的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低了43%。
該研究的一名研究人員亞斯明·伊扎特瓦博士告訴《財(cái)富》雜志:“無論年齡、性別或體能如何,每個(gè)人都能夠從經(jīng)常鍛煉中受益?!?/p>
實(shí)現(xiàn)奇跡的運(yùn)動量是多少呢?綜合數(shù)據(jù)使用了任務(wù)的代謝當(dāng)量(Metabolic Equivalent of Task),它計(jì)算每分鐘活動燃燒的卡路里數(shù)量。根據(jù)研究人員的說法,最有效的任務(wù)代謝當(dāng)量是500,相當(dāng)于每周150分鐘的中等強(qiáng)度運(yùn)動或75分鐘的劇烈運(yùn)動。
這與美國疾病控制與預(yù)防中心(U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)的建議一致,即成年人每周應(yīng)該進(jìn)行150分鐘的中等強(qiáng)度運(yùn)動,同時(shí)進(jìn)行兩天的力量訓(xùn)練。
根據(jù)美國疾病控制與預(yù)防中心的數(shù)據(jù),四分之一的美國人“不活躍”,這意味著他們在日常工作之外不進(jìn)行體育鍛煉。
研究人員強(qiáng)調(diào)了體育活動對人體免疫系統(tǒng)的影響。
伊扎特瓦指出:“有證據(jù)表明,有規(guī)律的體育活動可能有助于激發(fā)更有效的免疫反應(yīng),增強(qiáng)對病毒的保護(hù)性免疫力,這可以解釋持續(xù)運(yùn)動與感染新冠之間的關(guān)系?!?/p>
據(jù)美國疾病控制與預(yù)防中心稱,有規(guī)律的體育活動能夠改善認(rèn)知功能、心理健康和睡眠表現(xiàn),還可以降低患慢性病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
研究參與者通過游泳、騎自行車、打排球、跑步和舉重,以及進(jìn)行其他活動,例如步行或騎動感單車來鍛煉身體。伊扎特瓦鼓勵(lì)每周至少兩天在你的日?;顒又性黾蛹∪鈴?qiáng)化活動,包括舉重訓(xùn)練、瑜伽或普拉提或阻力帶訓(xùn)練。她指出,有很多方法能夠把體育鍛煉融入到日常生活中,而不必放下手中的所有事情去健身房健身。
她說:“鍛煉身體可以作為工作、運(yùn)動、休閑或交通的一部分來完成。但也能夠通過跳舞、游玩和做家務(wù),比如園藝和清潔來完成。”
伊扎特瓦表示,鍛煉涉及盡可能多的肌肉群,可以帶來更多好處,并指出有規(guī)律的體育活動會產(chǎn)生“生理性適應(yīng)”。
伊扎特瓦說:“是時(shí)候把運(yùn)動當(dāng)作藥物了,開始體育鍛煉永遠(yuǎn)都為時(shí)不晚?!?/p>
這些聯(lián)合研究是觀察性的,因此需要進(jìn)行更多的研究,以研究有規(guī)律的體育活動對新冠反應(yīng)的潛在好處。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:中慧言-王芳
Engaging in physical activity consistently is associated with a lower risk of COVID-19 infection, hospitalization and death, according to a new study published on August 22 in The British Journal of Sports Medicine.
Researchers analyzed the findings of 16 studies published between November 2019 and March 2022, which included 1,853,610 adults from around the world with an average age of 53.
The data showed that those who routinely made time for physical activity had an 11% lower risk of being infected with COVID-19, a 36% lower risk of being hospitalized because of the virus, a 44% lower risk for developing severe illness, and a 43% lower risk of death from the virus as compared to those not physically active.
“Everybody can benefit from being more active, regardless of age, sex or physical ability,” Dr. Yasmin Ezzatvar, one of the researchers on the study, tells Fortune.
What is the magic amount of exercise? The combined data used the Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) which calculates the amount of calories burned per minute of activity. The most effective amount, according to the researchers, is 500 METs which equates to 150 minutes of moderate exercise or 75 minutes of vigorous activity per week.
This is in line with the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) recommendation that adults should get 150 minutes a week of moderate-intensity exercise along with two days of strength training.
One in four Americans are “inactive,” meaning they don’t get physical activity outside of their day-to-day jobs according to the CDC.
The researchers highlight the effects of physical activity on the body’s immune system.
“There is evidence that regular physical activity might contribute to a more effective immune response, providing enhanced protective immunity to infections, which could explain the relationship between exercise consistency with COVID-19 infection,” Ezzatvar says.
Regular physical activity is also associated with positive cognitive function, mental health, and sleep outcomes, and a decreased risk for developing chronic conditions, according to the?CDC.
Study participants engaged in swimming, cycling, volleyball, running, and lifting, as well as other activities like walking or pedaling in place. Ezzatvar encourages adding muscle-strengthening activities to your routine at least two days a week, including weight training, yoga or pilates, or resistance-band training. She says there are many ways to incorporate activity into your day without having to drop everything and head to the gym.
“It can be done as part of work, sport and leisure or transport,” she says. “But also through dance, play and everyday household tasks, like gardening and cleaning.”
Engage as many muscle groups as possible for maximum benefits, Ezzatvar says, noting the “physiological adaptations” that happen from regular physical activity.
“It’s time to consider exercise as medicine,” Ezzatvar says. “It’s never too late to start being physically active.”
The combined studies were observational so more research is needed to study the potential benefits of routine physical activity on COVID-19 response.