最近一段時(shí)間,多地連續(xù)出現(xiàn)創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的高溫天氣,你是否也覺(jué)得自己比平常更難入睡了呢?有些人天生就比別人對(duì)熱更加敏感,特別是容易被熱天氣干擾睡眠。
光線、壓力和溫度都會(huì)影響我們的晝夜節(jié)律——盡夜節(jié)律是人體的生物鐘,負(fù)責(zé)告訴我們什么時(shí)候睡覺(jué),什么時(shí)候起床。另外還有一個(gè)神奇的事實(shí),我們的體溫也是受生物鐘影響的。每當(dāng)人體進(jìn)入臨睡狀態(tài)時(shí),隨著褪黑素分泌增加,我們的體溫就會(huì)下降。
哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院醫(yī)學(xué)講師、布萊根婦女醫(yī)院的科學(xué)家麗貝卡·羅賓斯介紹道:“隨著核心體溫的下降,人體才真正進(jìn)入放松狀態(tài)。這時(shí)人體的器官和其他重要系統(tǒng)才算獲得了真正的休息和修復(fù)?!?/p>
2019年的一項(xiàng)研究表明,人的入睡能力、維持睡眠狀態(tài)的能力和獲得足夠睡眠的能力,都會(huì)受總體溫度的影響。如果夜間人體溫度一直保持在較高水平,那么你的整體睡眠時(shí)間就會(huì)縮短。
羅賓斯指出:“在睡眠的某些階段,我們的身體是無(wú)法調(diào)節(jié)溫度的,所以如果我們暴露在極端溫度下,我們就更容易醒來(lái)。”
洛杉磯南加利福尼亞大學(xué)凱克醫(yī)學(xué)院臨床醫(yī)學(xué)副教授拉吉·達(dá)斯古普塔醫(yī)生介紹道,在夜間頻繁醒來(lái),會(huì)讓你難以進(jìn)入快速眼動(dòng)睡眠和深睡眠周期,你第二天早上就會(huì)感到昏昏沉沉、疲憊不堪。因此,在夏季的這幾個(gè)月,尤其是如果你的住處還沒(méi)有安空調(diào)的話,要想獲得高質(zhì)量的睡眠是一件很有挑戰(zhàn)的事。
根據(jù)專家建議,以下方法可以讓你在三伏天獲得更高質(zhì)量的睡眠。
降低室溫
最理想的室溫是65到68華氏度(也就是18到20攝氏度),這個(gè)溫度又被稱作“熱中性區(qū)”,人體很容易一直保持睡眠狀態(tài),而且不太容易受到干擾。
夜間開(kāi)窗有助于給房間降溫,同時(shí)也能促進(jìn)空氣流通。當(dāng)然,如果外面的溫度比屋里都熱,那么你可以試著把風(fēng)扇對(duì)著窗戶吹,這樣會(huì)有助于將涼風(fēng)吹向你。
穿透氣衣物
你的床上用品和睡衣應(yīng)該由輕薄、透氣的面料制成的,比如純棉,這樣才有助于透水透氣。
當(dāng)然,裸睡也是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇。
上床前降低體溫
這一條建議似乎有些反常識(shí),不過(guò)睡前洗個(gè)熱水澡確實(shí)是有助于降低體溫的。當(dāng)然如果你的體質(zhì)足夠剛的話,你也可以洗個(gè)涼水澡試試。
專家還說(shuō),睡前在脖子和手腕處放一個(gè)冰袋或涼毛巾,也有助于平緩你的心率,讓你做好睡眠的準(zhǔn)備。
最后,達(dá)斯古普塔表示,溫度只是決定睡眠質(zhì)量的因素之一。如果你長(zhǎng)期被失眠困擾,那你還是應(yīng)該去看醫(yī)生,或者考慮一下其他辦法——比如吃藥或者認(rèn)知行為療法。此外,還有一些小竅門(mén)也是很重要的,比如設(shè)置固定的睡眠和起床時(shí)間、睡前別看手機(jī)等等。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:樸成奎
最近一段時(shí)間,多地連續(xù)出現(xiàn)創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的高溫天氣,你是否也覺(jué)得自己比平常更難入睡了呢?有些人天生就比別人對(duì)熱更加敏感,特別是容易被熱天氣干擾睡眠。
光線、壓力和溫度都會(huì)影響我們的晝夜節(jié)律——盡夜節(jié)律是人體的生物鐘,負(fù)責(zé)告訴我們什么時(shí)候睡覺(jué),什么時(shí)候起床。另外還有一個(gè)神奇的事實(shí),我們的體溫也是受生物鐘影響的。每當(dāng)人體進(jìn)入臨睡狀態(tài)時(shí),隨著褪黑素分泌增加,我們的體溫就會(huì)下降。
哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院醫(yī)學(xué)講師、布萊根婦女醫(yī)院的科學(xué)家麗貝卡·羅賓斯介紹道:“隨著核心體溫的下降,人體才真正進(jìn)入放松狀態(tài)。這時(shí)人體的器官和其他重要系統(tǒng)才算獲得了真正的休息和修復(fù)?!?/p>
2019年的一項(xiàng)研究表明,人的入睡能力、維持睡眠狀態(tài)的能力和獲得足夠睡眠的能力,都會(huì)受總體溫度的影響。如果夜間人體溫度一直保持在較高水平,那么你的整體睡眠時(shí)間就會(huì)縮短。
羅賓斯指出:“在睡眠的某些階段,我們的身體是無(wú)法調(diào)節(jié)溫度的,所以如果我們暴露在極端溫度下,我們就更容易醒來(lái)?!?/p>
洛杉磯南加利福尼亞大學(xué)凱克醫(yī)學(xué)院臨床醫(yī)學(xué)副教授拉吉·達(dá)斯古普塔醫(yī)生介紹道,在夜間頻繁醒來(lái),會(huì)讓你難以進(jìn)入快速眼動(dòng)睡眠和深睡眠周期,你第二天早上就會(huì)感到昏昏沉沉、疲憊不堪。因此,在夏季的這幾個(gè)月,尤其是如果你的住處還沒(méi)有安空調(diào)的話,要想獲得高質(zhì)量的睡眠是一件很有挑戰(zhàn)的事。
根據(jù)專家建議,以下方法可以讓你在三伏天獲得更高質(zhì)量的睡眠。
降低室溫
最理想的室溫是65到68華氏度(也就是18到20攝氏度),這個(gè)溫度又被稱作“熱中性區(qū)”,人體很容易一直保持睡眠狀態(tài),而且不太容易受到干擾。
夜間開(kāi)窗有助于給房間降溫,同時(shí)也能促進(jìn)空氣流通。當(dāng)然,如果外面的溫度比屋里都熱,那么你可以試著把風(fēng)扇對(duì)著窗戶吹,這樣會(huì)有助于將涼風(fēng)吹向你。
穿透氣衣物
你的床上用品和睡衣應(yīng)該由輕薄、透氣的面料制成的,比如純棉,這樣才有助于透水透氣。
當(dāng)然,裸睡也是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇。
上床前降低體溫
這一條建議似乎有些反常識(shí),不過(guò)睡前洗個(gè)熱水澡確實(shí)是有助于降低體溫的。當(dāng)然如果你的體質(zhì)足夠剛的話,你也可以洗個(gè)涼水澡試試。
專家還說(shuō),睡前在脖子和手腕處放一個(gè)冰袋或涼毛巾,也有助于平緩你的心率,讓你做好睡眠的準(zhǔn)備。
最后,達(dá)斯古普塔表示,溫度只是決定睡眠質(zhì)量的因素之一。如果你長(zhǎng)期被失眠困擾,那你還是應(yīng)該去看醫(yī)生,或者考慮一下其他辦法——比如吃藥或者認(rèn)知行為療法。此外,還有一些小竅門(mén)也是很重要的,比如設(shè)置固定的睡眠和起床時(shí)間、睡前別看手機(jī)等等。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:樸成奎
As temperatures continue to hit record highs, you may be tossing and turning more than usual. Some people are more sensitive than others to heat changes, which can disrupt sleep.
Light, stress, and temperature can affect our circadian rhythm, which is our natural body clock that signals when it’s time for rest and wake. Our core body temperature, which correlates to the body clock, decreases before bed as sleep-promoting melatonin levels rise.
“With the dropping of our core body temperature, our body is really able to go into relaxation,” says Rebecca Robbins, instructor of medicine at Harvard Medical School and scientist at the Brigham and Women’s Hospital. “And true rest gives our organs a break and other vital systems, allowing them to repair.”
A 2019 study shows how the ability to fall asleep, stay asleep, and get enough sleep are all influenced by overall temperature. When the body temperature remains high at night, overall sleep duration is lower, according to the study.
“During certain stages of sleep, our body is not able to regulate temperature, so if we’re exposed to extremes in temperatures, we are more likely to wake up,” Robbins says.
Waking up frequently may prevent you from getting into REM and deep sleep cycles and can leave you feeling tired and groggy the next morning, says Dr. Raj Dasgupta, associate professor of clinical medicine at the University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine?in Los Angeles. In the summer months, and for those without air conditioning, getting good quality sleep proves challenging, she says.
Experts say the following steps may help you get more sound sleep during a heat wave.
Lower the room temperature
A room temperature between 65 and 68 degrees Fahrenheit is considered the “thermal neutral zone,” in which your body is able to stay asleep and navigate through different sleep stages without disruption.
Keeping a window open at night can also help cool your room and circulate the air. If the air outside is still hotter than inside, consider angling a fan toward the window to help push cool air toward you.
Wear, and sleep in, breathable materials
Your bed linens and pajamas should be made from light, breathable fabrics, like cotton, that don’t retain moisture and promote airflow. Thicker materials, like flannels, will hold heat.
Sleeping naked is also an option, says Robbins.
Drop your body temperature before bed
It seems counterintuitive, but taking a warm bath or shower before bed helps lower your body temperature. However, in hot summer temperatures you may want to try the opposite and see if a cold shower works better.
Experts also say to place an ice pack or cool towel on your neck and wrists before bed, which may help calm your heart rate and get you ready for rest.
Temperature is just one factor that can determine sleep quality. If you have chronic insomnia, talk with your doctor and consider other options like cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or medication, says Dasgupta. Overall sleep hygiene—like maintaining a standard sleep and wake-up time, and having a screen-free wind-down routine—is important as well.