熊市為年輕投資者提供了以折扣價(jià)進(jìn)入股市的機(jī)會(huì)。這有時(shí)可能會(huì)引起焦慮,但也可能會(huì)帶來(lái)豐厚的回報(bào)。
然而,對(duì)于那些沒(méi)有足夠長(zhǎng)時(shí)間彌補(bǔ)所有損失的退休人員和臨近退休的人員來(lái)說(shuō),這種估算就不那么樂(lè)觀了。
理財(cái)規(guī)劃師通常會(huì)建議他們的客戶(hù)不要將未來(lái)五年所需的資金投資于股票等風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較高的資產(chǎn)。相反,最好是以現(xiàn)金的方式存放這筆錢(qián)。這會(huì)給你一些喘息的空間,尤其是在經(jīng)濟(jì)不確定時(shí)期或股市大幅下跌的情況下,就像我們?cè)谶^(guò)去一個(gè)月看到的那樣。給出這樣的建議很容易,但當(dāng)股市像過(guò)去幾年那樣持續(xù)攀升時(shí),要遵循這樣的建議就難多了。
此外,無(wú)論如何,許多必須從401(k)s(養(yǎng)老基金)或個(gè)人退休賬戶(hù)(IRA)中領(lǐng)取規(guī)定最低提領(lǐng)額(RMD)的退休人員在時(shí)機(jī)上沒(méi)有太多選擇。那么,當(dāng)這些投資者眼睜睜地看著自己的儲(chǔ)蓄遭受一次又一次重創(chuàng)時(shí),他們?cè)撛趺崔k呢?
不幸的是,他們沒(méi)有辦法回到牛市時(shí)期——至少在不久的將來(lái)不會(huì)。鑒于熊市相對(duì)普遍,退休人員或臨近退休的人員很可能不會(huì)是最后一次遇到熊市。
如果可能的話,避免領(lǐng)取提領(lǐng)額,或者將這筆錢(qián)推遲到今年晚些時(shí)候,這是目前最好的做法。但是,如果你依靠投資收入來(lái)支付日常開(kāi)支,你可能就不得不在支出方面做出一些艱難的決定。
RMB Capital的注冊(cè)理財(cái)規(guī)劃師和財(cái)富顧問(wèn)杰克·艾申斯說(shuō):“退休人員需要知道他們?nèi)缃袷侨绾瓮顿Y的,以及他們投資組合的哪些部分更容易受到這些提領(lǐng)額的影響。沒(méi)有人能夠控制市場(chǎng)的回報(bào),但退休人員可以控制他們的支出。一個(gè)很好的做法是根據(jù)你的投資組合審視前瞻性支出,以確定是否需要改變支出、投資或需要對(duì)兩者都做出改變?!?
顧問(wèn)們指出,考慮到熊市和創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄通脹的雙重打擊,注意支出尤為重要。這是推遲任何較大的、非必要的支出的好時(shí)機(jī)。
Wharton Wealth Planning的注冊(cè)理財(cái)規(guī)劃師兼總監(jiān)大衛(wèi)·羅森斯托克表示,另一種選擇是將傳統(tǒng)的個(gè)人退休賬戶(hù)等賬戶(hù)中的部分資金轉(zhuǎn)換為羅斯個(gè)人退休賬戶(hù)。今年會(huì)有一筆預(yù)付稅款,但它會(huì)低于股票定價(jià)較高時(shí)的情況,然后投資就會(huì)以免稅的方式實(shí)現(xiàn)增長(zhǎng)(假設(shè)你滿(mǎn)足其他提領(lǐng)要求)。稅務(wù)專(zhuān)業(yè)人士能夠幫助你確定這種策略是否合理,以及如何實(shí)施。
羅森斯托克說(shuō):“重要的是,不要讓預(yù)付稅款阻止你把退休基金從無(wú)論何時(shí)取出都要繳稅的賬戶(hù)轉(zhuǎn)移到免稅賬戶(hù)。關(guān)鍵是不要因?yàn)樵谕诵輹r(shí)遭受巨額稅款的打擊而目光短淺?!?/p>
羅森斯托克表示,最后,也許是最不受歡迎的,熊市可能意味著工作時(shí)間比預(yù)期的要長(zhǎng)一些,或者退休人員需要加入龐大的“不退休”大軍。滿(mǎn)銀夏里斯銀行(BMO Harris Bank)最近的一份報(bào)告顯示,由于通貨膨脹,整整四分之一的員工已經(jīng)推遲了退休時(shí)間。
當(dāng)然,這是一個(gè)艱難的決定,但它可以幫助你安然度過(guò)當(dāng)前的市場(chǎng)波動(dòng)。另一個(gè)好處是:推遲退休——如果可能的話,推遲到70歲——也能夠提高你的社會(huì)保障福利。
他說(shuō):“超過(guò)傳統(tǒng)退休年齡還在工作,不管是兼職還是全職,都是增加和補(bǔ)充退休收入的好方法。延遲退休會(huì)對(duì)退休財(cái)務(wù)產(chǎn)生重大影響,因?yàn)檫@會(huì)讓你現(xiàn)有的退休儲(chǔ)蓄有更多時(shí)間實(shí)現(xiàn)增長(zhǎng),并縮短你需要支付日常開(kāi)支的退休年限。”(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:中慧言-王芳
熊市為年輕投資者提供了以折扣價(jià)進(jìn)入股市的機(jī)會(huì)。這有時(shí)可能會(huì)引起焦慮,但也可能會(huì)帶來(lái)豐厚的回報(bào)。
然而,對(duì)于那些沒(méi)有足夠長(zhǎng)時(shí)間彌補(bǔ)所有損失的退休人員和臨近退休的人員來(lái)說(shuō),這種估算就不那么樂(lè)觀了。
理財(cái)規(guī)劃師通常會(huì)建議他們的客戶(hù)不要將未來(lái)五年所需的資金投資于股票等風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較高的資產(chǎn)。相反,最好是以現(xiàn)金的方式存放這筆錢(qián)。這會(huì)給你一些喘息的空間,尤其是在經(jīng)濟(jì)不確定時(shí)期或股市大幅下跌的情況下,就像我們?cè)谶^(guò)去一個(gè)月看到的那樣。給出這樣的建議很容易,但當(dāng)股市像過(guò)去幾年那樣持續(xù)攀升時(shí),要遵循這樣的建議就難多了。
此外,無(wú)論如何,許多必須從401(k)s(養(yǎng)老基金)或個(gè)人退休賬戶(hù)(IRA)中領(lǐng)取規(guī)定最低提領(lǐng)額(RMD)的退休人員在時(shí)機(jī)上沒(méi)有太多選擇。那么,當(dāng)這些投資者眼睜睜地看著自己的儲(chǔ)蓄遭受一次又一次重創(chuàng)時(shí),他們?cè)撛趺崔k呢?
不幸的是,他們沒(méi)有辦法回到牛市時(shí)期——至少在不久的將來(lái)不會(huì)。鑒于熊市相對(duì)普遍,退休人員或臨近退休的人員很可能不會(huì)是最后一次遇到熊市。
如果可能的話,避免領(lǐng)取提領(lǐng)額,或者將這筆錢(qián)推遲到今年晚些時(shí)候,這是目前最好的做法。但是,如果你依靠投資收入來(lái)支付日常開(kāi)支,你可能就不得不在支出方面做出一些艱難的決定。
RMB Capital的注冊(cè)理財(cái)規(guī)劃師和財(cái)富顧問(wèn)杰克·艾申斯說(shuō):“退休人員需要知道他們?nèi)缃袷侨绾瓮顿Y的,以及他們投資組合的哪些部分更容易受到這些提領(lǐng)額的影響。沒(méi)有人能夠控制市場(chǎng)的回報(bào),但退休人員可以控制他們的支出。一個(gè)很好的做法是根據(jù)你的投資組合審視前瞻性支出,以確定是否需要改變支出、投資或需要對(duì)兩者都做出改變?!?
顧問(wèn)們指出,考慮到熊市和創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄通脹的雙重打擊,注意支出尤為重要。這是推遲任何較大的、非必要的支出的好時(shí)機(jī)。
Wharton Wealth Planning的注冊(cè)理財(cái)規(guī)劃師兼總監(jiān)大衛(wèi)·羅森斯托克表示,另一種選擇是將傳統(tǒng)的個(gè)人退休賬戶(hù)等賬戶(hù)中的部分資金轉(zhuǎn)換為羅斯個(gè)人退休賬戶(hù)。今年會(huì)有一筆預(yù)付稅款,但它會(huì)低于股票定價(jià)較高時(shí)的情況,然后投資就會(huì)以免稅的方式實(shí)現(xiàn)增長(zhǎng)(假設(shè)你滿(mǎn)足其他提領(lǐng)要求)。稅務(wù)專(zhuān)業(yè)人士能夠幫助你確定這種策略是否合理,以及如何實(shí)施。
羅森斯托克說(shuō):“重要的是,不要讓預(yù)付稅款阻止你把退休基金從無(wú)論何時(shí)取出都要繳稅的賬戶(hù)轉(zhuǎn)移到免稅賬戶(hù)。關(guān)鍵是不要因?yàn)樵谕诵輹r(shí)遭受巨額稅款的打擊而目光短淺。”
羅森斯托克表示,最后,也許是最不受歡迎的,熊市可能意味著工作時(shí)間比預(yù)期的要長(zhǎng)一些,或者退休人員需要加入龐大的“不退休”大軍。滿(mǎn)銀夏里斯銀行(BMO Harris Bank)最近的一份報(bào)告顯示,由于通貨膨脹,整整四分之一的員工已經(jīng)推遲了退休時(shí)間。
當(dāng)然,這是一個(gè)艱難的決定,但它可以幫助你安然度過(guò)當(dāng)前的市場(chǎng)波動(dòng)。另一個(gè)好處是:推遲退休——如果可能的話,推遲到70歲——也能夠提高你的社會(huì)保障福利。
他說(shuō):“超過(guò)傳統(tǒng)退休年齡還在工作,不管是兼職還是全職,都是增加和補(bǔ)充退休收入的好方法。延遲退休會(huì)對(duì)退休財(cái)務(wù)產(chǎn)生重大影響,因?yàn)檫@會(huì)讓你現(xiàn)有的退休儲(chǔ)蓄有更多時(shí)間實(shí)現(xiàn)增長(zhǎng),并縮短你需要支付日常開(kāi)支的退休年限。”(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:中慧言-王芳
A bear market offers young investors the opportunity to get into the stock market at something of a discount. It might be anxiety-inducing at times, but the results can be fruitful.
For retirees and workers nearing retirement who don't have time to recover all of their losses, however, the calculation isn't quite as rosy.
Financial planners typically recommend that their clients not invest money they'll need in the next five years in riskier assets like stocks. Rather, it's better to keep it in safer havens like cash. That gives you some breathing room, especially when there's a period of economic uncertainty or a big drop in the market, like we've seen in the past month. That advice is easy to give, but much harder to follow when equity markets keep climbing, as they did the past few years.
Plus, many retirees who must take required minimum distributions (RMDs) from 401(k)s or individual retirement accounts (IRAs) don't have much of a choice on timing, anyway. So what are these investors to do as they watch their nest eggs take hit after hit?
Unfortunately, there's no way to go back to bull market times—at least not in the near future. And given that bear markets are relatively common, there's a good chance this won't be the last one retirees or near-retirees have to navigate.
Avoiding taking a distribution at all, if possible, or delaying your RMD until later this year, is the best course of action for now. But if you're relying on your investment income to cover your day-to-day expenses, you might have to make some tough decisions about your spending.
"Retirees need to know how they are invested today and what parts of their portfolios are more susceptible to these drawdowns," says Jake Eischens, a certified financial planner (CFP) and wealth advisor at RMB Capital. "Nobody can control the market's returns, but retirees can control their spending. A good exercise is to review forward-looking expenditures in tandem with your portfolio to determine if a change in spending, investments, or both are needed."
Given the one-two punch of a bear market and record inflation, being mindful of spending is especially important, advisors say. This is a good time to put off any larger, nonessential purchases.
Another option is to convert some funds in accounts like a traditional IRA into a Roth, says David Rosenstock, CFP and director at Wharton Wealth Planning. There will be an upfront tax bill this year, but it would be lower than if stocks were priced higher, and then the investments will grow tax-free (assuming you meet the other distribution requirements). A tax professional can help you work out whether this strategy makes sense and how to go about it.
"It’s important not to let the upfront tax bill prevent you from moving your retirement funds from accounts that are taxed no matter when you take them out, into accounts that are tax-free," Rosenstrock says. "The point is to not be shortsighted at the expense of being hit with large tax payments in retirement."
Finally, and perhaps least popular of all, Rosenstrock says a bear market may mean working a bit longer than anticipated—or join the Great "Unretirement." A full quarter of workers are already postponing their retirement due to inflation, according to a recent report by BMO Harris Bank.
This is a tough decision to make, of course, but it could help you ride out the market's current volatility. Another benefit: Delaying retirement—to age 70 if possible—can also boost your Social Security benefits.
"Working past the traditional retirement age, either part- or full-time, is a great way to stretch and supplement retirement income," he says. "Delaying retirement can have a significant impact on retirement finances by giving your existing retirement savings more time to grow and shortening the period of retirement you will need to pay for."