幾個月來,美國住房市場一直遭受待售房屋庫存處于歷史低位的困擾,這加劇了競爭并推動房價創(chuàng)下歷史新高。
住房市場似乎終于進入了冷卻期,房價漲勢放緩。但是待售房屋的數(shù)量仍然很少,兩份新的住房報告表明,目前實施的措施使住房市場降溫,但可能正是這些措施阻止庫存反彈。
在過去的12個月里,房價上漲了19.2%,而房價飆升將許多潛在的購房者拒之門外。
在過去幾年中,有兩個因素相互碰撞,導(dǎo)致房價如此之高。在新冠肺炎疫情爆發(fā)初期低抵押貸款利率的情況下,住房需求增加,而新房供應(yīng)卻處于歷史低位,這是導(dǎo)致激烈競爭和更高房價的完美誘因。
但現(xiàn)在,這種關(guān)系也在瓦解,而且計算方式也在發(fā)生變化。
房主們不想離開
為什么要出售附有2%至3%抵押貸款利率的房子,而購買抵押貸款利率在5%左右的新房子?這就是現(xiàn)在市場對潛在賣家提出的問題。
也許他們不想出售并不奇怪。
在2022年頭幾個月抵押貸款利率創(chuàng)下歷史新高的情況下,隨著需求下降,住房競爭開始降溫。
過去兩年里,對新住房的需求激增,這在一定程度上是由當(dāng)時的低抵押貸款利率造成的。在美聯(lián)儲為應(yīng)對新冠肺炎疫情而降低利率后,出現(xiàn)了低抵押貸款利率的情況。2021年美國30年期固定抵押貸款的平均利率為2.96%,該指標(biāo)在2021年1月創(chuàng)下歷史新低,當(dāng)時抵押貸款利率為2.65%。
盡管房價不斷上漲,但在當(dāng)時購買房屋,并鎖定創(chuàng)紀錄的低抵押貸款對許多潛在購房者來說是一件根本不需要考慮的事情。但是,如果說2020年和2021年是用抵押貸款買房的最佳年份,那么2022年則截然相反。
截至2022年4月,在美聯(lián)儲開始提高利率以對抗通貨膨脹后,美國30年期固定抵押貸款利率遠遠超過5%。對于那些在新冠肺炎疫情初期已經(jīng)獲得了極其有利的抵押貸款利率的房主來說,如果這意味著在購買新房時新房的抵押貸款利率很高,那么現(xiàn)在將他們的房屋放到市場上出售的想法可能不是很有吸引力。
根據(jù)在線房地產(chǎn)網(wǎng)站Redfin的一份新報告,超過一半的現(xiàn)有房主以前能夠鎖定低于4%的固定利率。房主不愿搬家,也不愿接受更高的抵押貸款利率,這可能是導(dǎo)致今年春季新房源較去年下降7%的原因。
根據(jù)政府資助的抵押貸款融資機構(gòu)房利美(Fannie Mae)的最新全國住房調(diào)查,如果你現(xiàn)在擁有一套住房,那么這套住房可能是物有所值的。調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),92%的現(xiàn)有房主,無論收入水平如何,都認為他們的住房在一定程度上很實惠或非常實惠。
即使在房價很高的情況下,低抵押貸款利率也曾是緩沖,能夠證明購買房屋是合理的。這種緩沖現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)消失了,這是因為大多數(shù)現(xiàn)有房主享受的固定利率遠低于他們決定搬家時必須承受的固定利率。
沒有人想要更高的抵押貸款
由于在當(dāng)前市場上,搬家和尋找新房子的成本太高,房主們持有住房的時間更長了。從個人理財?shù)慕嵌葋砜?,這個決定可能是明智的。但從美國住房經(jīng)濟的宏觀角度來看,這是個壞消息。
抵押貸款利率上升和住房需求下降有助于給住房市場降溫,但增加庫存至關(guān)重要。市場上更多的房源和更多的住房將在緩解競爭、賦予買家更多的談判優(yōu)勢和控制房價方面產(chǎn)生更大影響。
一個有希望的跡象是,美國新屋開工數(shù)量正在穩(wěn)定增長,但在現(xiàn)有房主開始冒險重返市場之前,供應(yīng)仍將受到限制,房價可能會保持在相對較高的水平。(財富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:中慧言—王芳
幾個月來,美國住房市場一直遭受待售房屋庫存處于歷史低位的困擾,這加劇了競爭并推動房價創(chuàng)下歷史新高。
住房市場似乎終于進入了冷卻期,房價漲勢放緩。但是待售房屋的數(shù)量仍然很少,兩份新的住房報告表明,目前實施的措施使住房市場降溫,但可能正是這些措施阻止庫存反彈。
在過去的12個月里,房價上漲了19.2%,而房價飆升將許多潛在的購房者拒之門外。
在過去幾年中,有兩個因素相互碰撞,導(dǎo)致房價如此之高。在新冠肺炎疫情爆發(fā)初期低抵押貸款利率的情況下,住房需求增加,而新房供應(yīng)卻處于歷史低位,這是導(dǎo)致激烈競爭和更高房價的完美誘因。
但現(xiàn)在,這種關(guān)系也在瓦解,而且計算方式也在發(fā)生變化。
房主們不想離開
為什么要出售附有2%至3%抵押貸款利率的房子,而購買抵押貸款利率在5%左右的新房子?這就是現(xiàn)在市場對潛在賣家提出的問題。
也許他們不想出售并不奇怪。
在2022年頭幾個月抵押貸款利率創(chuàng)下歷史新高的情況下,隨著需求下降,住房競爭開始降溫。
過去兩年里,對新住房的需求激增,這在一定程度上是由當(dāng)時的低抵押貸款利率造成的。在美聯(lián)儲為應(yīng)對新冠肺炎疫情而降低利率后,出現(xiàn)了低抵押貸款利率的情況。2021年美國30年期固定抵押貸款的平均利率為2.96%,該指標(biāo)在2021年1月創(chuàng)下歷史新低,當(dāng)時抵押貸款利率為2.65%。
盡管房價不斷上漲,但在當(dāng)時購買房屋,并鎖定創(chuàng)紀錄的低抵押貸款對許多潛在購房者來說是一件根本不需要考慮的事情。但是,如果說2020年和2021年是用抵押貸款買房的最佳年份,那么2022年則截然相反。
截至2022年4月,在美聯(lián)儲開始提高利率以對抗通貨膨脹后,美國30年期固定抵押貸款利率遠遠超過5%。對于那些在新冠肺炎疫情初期已經(jīng)獲得了極其有利的抵押貸款利率的房主來說,如果這意味著在購買新房時新房的抵押貸款利率很高,那么現(xiàn)在將他們的房屋放到市場上出售的想法可能不是很有吸引力。
根據(jù)在線房地產(chǎn)網(wǎng)站Redfin的一份新報告,超過一半的現(xiàn)有房主以前能夠鎖定低于4%的固定利率。房主不愿搬家,也不愿接受更高的抵押貸款利率,這可能是導(dǎo)致今年春季新房源較去年下降7%的原因。
根據(jù)政府資助的抵押貸款融資機構(gòu)房利美(Fannie Mae)的最新全國住房調(diào)查,如果你現(xiàn)在擁有一套住房,那么這套住房可能是物有所值的。調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),92%的現(xiàn)有房主,無論收入水平如何,都認為他們的住房在一定程度上很實惠或非常實惠。
即使在房價很高的情況下,低抵押貸款利率也曾是緩沖,能夠證明購買房屋是合理的。這種緩沖現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)消失了,這是因為大多數(shù)現(xiàn)有房主享受的固定利率遠低于他們決定搬家時必須承受的固定利率。
沒有人想要更高的抵押貸款
由于在當(dāng)前市場上,搬家和尋找新房子的成本太高,房主們持有住房的時間更長了。從個人理財?shù)慕嵌葋砜?,這個決定可能是明智的。但從美國住房經(jīng)濟的宏觀角度來看,這是個壞消息。
抵押貸款利率上升和住房需求下降有助于給住房市場降溫,但增加庫存至關(guān)重要。市場上更多的房源和更多的住房將在緩解競爭、賦予買家更多的談判優(yōu)勢和控制房價方面產(chǎn)生更大影響。
一個有希望的跡象是,美國新屋開工數(shù)量正在穩(wěn)定增長,但在現(xiàn)有房主開始冒險重返市場之前,供應(yīng)仍將受到限制,房價可能會保持在相對較高的水平。(財富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:中慧言—王芳
For months, the U.S. housing market has been plagued by a historically low inventory of homes for sale, which has increased competition and driven prices to record highs.
The housing market finally appears to be entering a cool-off period, with prices beginning to decelerate. But the number of homes for sale is still low, and two new housing reports suggest that the very measure that is cooling down the housing market right now might be what is keeping inventory from bouncing back.
Home prices have gained 19.2% over the past 12 months, a surge that has locked many potential homebuyers out of the market.
Two factors collided over the past few years to send prices this high. Demand for housing increased amid the early-pandemic low mortgage rates while the supply of new homes sat at historic lows, creating the perfect recipe for intense competition and higher prices.
But now that relationship is breaking down too, and the calculus is changing.
Homeowners don’t want to leave
Why sell a house with a mortgage attached at a rate between 2% to 3%, and buy a new one with a mortgage rate around 5%? That’s the question the market is posing to potential sellers now.
Maybe it shouldn’t be a surprise they don’t want to sell.
Competition for housing is beginning to cool as demand has died down amid a record-high surge in mortgage rates in the first months of 2022.
The surge in demand for new housing over the past two years must have been fueled in part by then-low mortgage rates after the Federal Reserve lowered rates in response to the pandemic. The average 30-year fixed mortgage rate in 2021 was 2.96%, with the metric hitting an all-time low in January 2021 when mortgages sat at 2.65%.
Buying a home back then and nailing down a record-low mortgage was a no-brainer for many prospective homebuyers, despite the rising home prices. But if 2020 and 2021 were the best years to buy a home with a mortgage, 2022 is the polar opposite.
As of April 2022, 30-year fixed mortgages are sitting well above 5%, after the Federal Reserve began raising interest rates to combat inflation. For homeowners who already nabbed extremely comfortable rates earlier in the pandemic, the thought of putting their home on the market now might not be very appealing if it means buying a new home that locks them into a high rate.
More than half of current homeowners were able to lock in a fixed rate below 4%, according to a new report by online real estate site Redfin. An unwillingness to move and take on a higher mortgage may be what has already led to a 7% drop in new listings this spring relative to last year.
If you own a home right now, it is probably worth the cost, according to the latest national housing survey by Fannie Mae, a government-sponsored mortgage financing agency. The survey found that 92% of current homeowners, regardless of income level, believe that their home is either somewhat or very affordable.
Low mortgage rates used to be the buffer that justified a home purchase even when home prices were high. That buffer is now gone, as most current homeowners are enjoying fixed rates far below what they would have to deal with should they decide to move.
Nobody wants a higher mortgage
Homeowners are holding on to their homes for longer because moving and finding a new home in the current market is too expensive. From a personal finance standpoint, the decision is probably wise. But from a macro perspective on the U.S. housing economy, it’s bad news.
Higher mortgage rates and lower demand for homes is helping to cool the housing market, but increasing inventory is critical. More listings and more homes on the market would have the biggest effect on alleviating competition, giving buyers more negotiating power, and reining in prices.
In a promising sign, new-construction starts for homes in the U.S. are growing at a steady rate, but until current homeowners begin to venture back into the market, supply will remain constrained, and prices will likely stay relatively high.