成人小说亚洲一区二区三区,亚洲国产精品一区二区三区,国产精品成人精品久久久,久久综合一区二区三区,精品无码av一区二区,国产一级a毛一级a看免费视频,欧洲uv免费在线区一二区,亚洲国产欧美中日韩成人综合视频,国产熟女一区二区三区五月婷小说,亚洲一区波多野结衣在线

立即打開
PowerPoint濫用之禍

PowerPoint濫用之禍

Megan Hustad 2012-06-14
做演示時(shí)最困難的就是直視觀眾。演示軟件恰恰就可以讓你避免這樣做。人們利用PowerPoint來避免和觀眾的交流。不管是否意識(shí)到這點(diǎn),這就是他們使用PowerPoint的目的。

????Prezi大獲成功,自從2009年4月推出以來,已有1,000萬人登陸使用過。阿瓦伊解釋說,Prezi幻燈片除了簡單的前后相接,還可以上下疊加,任憑演示者隨意拉動(dòng),縮放自如。

????除了無法加強(qiáng)說服力之外,“這讓人們更喜歡演示,更充分地了解內(nèi)容,記得更牢?!卑⑼咭琳f?!叭祟惖拇竽X適合空間思考。”或者像伯杰所反駁的,Prezi只不過是“眩暈版PowerPoint?!辈芙ㄗh使用大量圖片來調(diào)節(jié)氣氛,或者使用更精致的數(shù)據(jù)可視化工具來羞臊笨拙的智能圖表柱狀圖。(請參看作家本?格林曼的兩個(gè)系列1 和 2對過度使用圖表的模仿諷刺。)

????要點(diǎn)?避免使用。肖丁認(rèn)為要點(diǎn)講不好故事。伯杰說:“跳出來的每個(gè)要點(diǎn)只不過就像再鞭子抽一下?!蓖瑫r(shí),它也使人們難以區(qū)分真正的沖突和無關(guān)緊要的爭論,或者找出清單上各個(gè)要點(diǎn)相互之間的聯(lián)系。某個(gè)標(biāo)注的“痛點(diǎn)”是否導(dǎo)致了下一個(gè)要點(diǎn)?或者或,其實(shí)它們毫無聯(lián)系?大多數(shù)幻燈片并不能回答這個(gè)問題。

????我傾向于認(rèn)為,具有說服力的演示就應(yīng)該揭示這種區(qū)別,就是要告訴觀眾:“沒錯(cuò),我相信這件事導(dǎo)致了另一件事,而原因則是如此如此?!?/p>

????所以最終還要依靠一些沒什么技術(shù)含量的技巧。動(dòng)畫片《南方公園》(South Park)和音樂劇《摩門經(jīng)》(Book of Mormon)的制作人特雷?帕克和馬特?斯通在紐約大學(xué)蒂希藝術(shù)學(xué)院(NYU's Tisch School of the Arts)的一次談話中告誡編劇系的學(xué)生,千萬不要在謀劃聯(lián)系的努力中偷工減料。他們在討論中將白板分成三幕(開始、中間、結(jié)束),再把情節(jié)的節(jié)點(diǎn)草草地寫在上面?!赌戏焦珗@》劇集的每個(gè)部分,或者他們所說的“故事節(jié)點(diǎn)”就是這么草擬出來的。

????隨后,帕克在這段視頻里說:

????“我們來看看這些點(diǎn),它們基本上也就是劇情大綱的節(jié)點(diǎn)。如果‘然后’這種字眼出現(xiàn)在了兩個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)之間,那你就完了。因?yàn)樗f明你的故事很沒勁。每個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)之間的聯(lián)系要么是‘因此’,要么是‘但是’。而不應(yīng)該是:這個(gè)發(fā)生了,然后那個(gè)發(fā)生了。相反,是這個(gè)發(fā)生了,所以那個(gè)發(fā)生了。或者這個(gè)發(fā)生了,但是同時(shí)那個(gè)也發(fā)生了,因此另外一件事發(fā)生了?!?/p>

????值得一提的是,帕克沒有使用幻燈片或者講臺(tái),而是直視自己的觀眾。

????Arvai explains Prezi's success -- since launching in April 2009, they've logged over 10 million users -- by pointing out that Prezi slides can be arranged not simply one after the other, but above and below each other, and the presenter can swoop up and down, zoom in and pan out.

????Caveats about persuasion aside, "this allows people to enjoy it more, understand it more fully, and remember it better," says Arvai. "Our brains are wired to think spatially."

????Or, as Berger counters, Prezi is just "PowerPoint with vertigo." Berger suggests using image-heavy slides for quick comic relief, or more elegant data visualizations that put chunky SmartArt bar graphs to shame. (For a great send-up of that problem -- the overuse of graphs -- check out the author Ben Greenman's series here and here.)

????Bullet points? Avoid them. Bullets don't tell stories, says Sjodin. "Every point that pops up is like another lash with the whip," says Berger. They also make it hard to distinguish between real conflicts and mere hassles, or how items on a list relate. Does one bulleted "pain point" cause the next one, or are they completely unrelated phenomena? Most slides won't tell you.

????I'm inclined to think it's precisely the hard work of making those distinctions and telling an audience, in essence, "Yes, I believe this thing causes this other thing, and here's why," that makes a presentation compelling.

????So it all comes down to lo-tech skills. In a talk at NYU's Tisch School of the Arts, South Park andBook of Mormon creators Trey Park and Matt Stone gave advice to student screenwriters on making sure one doesn't scrimp on the hard work of drawing connections. They discussed dividing a big white board into three acts (beginning - middle - end) and scribbling plot points across it. Every piece of South Park action, or what they call "story beats," is jotted down.

????Then, says Parker in this video:

????"We can take these beats, which are basically the beats of your outline, and if the words 'and then' belong between those beats, you're fucked, basically. You've got something pretty boring. What should happen between every beat that you've written down is either the word 'therefore' or 'but.' So it's not this happens and then this happens. Instead, it's this happens therefore this happens. Or this happens but this happens also, therefore something else happens."

????It should also be noted that Parker gave this advice without slides or a podium, looking directly at his audience.

掃描二維碼下載財(cái)富APP
国产日韩在线观看国产精品一区二区av片| 亚洲乱码一区二区三区在线观看| 欧美丝袜秘书在线一区| 亚洲一区二区三区乱码在线中国| 91久久婷婷国产综合精品青草| 国产性色AV高清在线观看| 亚洲乱码国产乱码精品精| 综合图区亚洲欧美自拍| 久久久AV无码AV天堂| 国产精品久久久久久久hd| 久久久久久精品免费免费英国| 可以直接进入网站的正能量视频,一级a视频| 丁香五月国产精品| 国产精品区在线播放av| 日韩人妻熟精品久久无码少年阿宾| 亚洲精品97久久中文字幕无码| 日韩伦理亚洲一区| 国产精品美女久久久免费| 精品福利一区二区三区精品| 国产女同疯狂作爱系列| 国产999在线视频观看| 大陆少妇无码在线观看| 亚洲熟女伦子伦av一区二区三区| 伊人久久大香线蕉AV最新午夜| 日韩永久在线观看免费视频| 亚洲AV中文无码乱人伦在线播放| 亚洲精品第一国产综合精品| 无码人妻一区二区三区蜜桃手机版| 国产精午夜一区二区三区不卡久免費資訊| 八戒八戒在线观看免费韩国| 亚洲AV综合伊人AV一区加勒比| 一级女性全黄久久生活片免费| 精品国产乱码久久久久久浪潮| 欧美巨大另类极品videosbest| 国产亚洲精品无码专区| 国产一区二区三区乱码在线观看| 免费看成人毛片无码视频| 亚洲日韩国产一区二区三区| 国产亚洲欧美另类一区二区三区| 亚洲AV无码乱码国产| 一级黄色 片免费网站|