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青少年的自殺率已經(jīng)達(dá)到了2000年以來的最高水平。本周一發(fā)布的一份新研究表示，在社交媒體上花費(fèi)過多時(shí)間可能與此有關(guān)。

這份在《美國醫(yī)學(xué)會小兒科期刊》（JAMA Pediatrics）發(fā)表的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在社交媒體或電視上花費(fèi)過多時(shí)間的青少年，其抑郁傾向?qū)@著增強(qiáng)。

這項(xiàng)持續(xù)六年的研究追蹤了蒙特利爾超過3,800名學(xué)生，請他們（在課堂上）記錄每天用來看電視、瀏覽社交媒體和玩電子游戲的時(shí)間。這一調(diào)查還要求他們評估自己孤獨(dú)和悲傷等抑郁癥狀的程度。

研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，僅僅比普通水平多出一個小時(shí)的社交媒體互動就會導(dǎo)致抑郁程度的顯著增加。（值得一提的是，研究人員沒有找到抑郁跡象和電子游戲之間的關(guān)系。）

報(bào)告指出：“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)社交媒體與青少年抑郁之間存在關(guān)聯(lián)。基于向上社會比較，不斷接觸理想化的形象會降低青少年的自尊心，引發(fā)抑郁，并隨著時(shí)間的推移加重抑郁。此外，抑郁的社交媒體重度用戶似乎會因?yàn)槭褂脮r(shí)間過長而受到更大的負(fù)面影響，這可能是由于他們所選擇的信息的特質(zhì)?！?/p>

之前的幾項(xiàng)研究已經(jīng)表明了社交媒體和抑郁之間的聯(lián)系，不過這似乎是第一項(xiàng)專門針對青少年的長期研究。盡管《美國醫(yī)學(xué)會小兒科期刊》的研究并未將屏幕使用時(shí)間與自殺案件的增加掛鉤，但作者的確指出，青少年時(shí)期的抑郁與他們的自殺行為存在關(guān)聯(lián)。

作者承認(rèn)，這項(xiàng)研究存在局限性，例如沒有確定社交媒體的類型，以及哪類電視節(jié)目會加劇抑郁癥狀。然而，他們指出：“需要對青少年使用社交媒體和觀看電視做出規(guī)定，避免隨著時(shí)間推移導(dǎo)致抑郁加重并減少已有癥狀的惡化?！?span>（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

譯者：嚴(yán)匡正

Teen suicide rates are at their highest level since 2000. And a new study released Monday says too much time on social media could be contributing to that.

A study published in the journal JAMA Pediatrics found that the teens who spend too much time on social media or watching television become notably more depressed.

The six-year study tracked over 3,800 students in Montreal, asking them to track (in class) both how much time per day they had spend watching TV, browsing social media and playing video games. As part of the same survey, they were asked to measure their level of depressive symptoms, such as loneliness and sadness.

An increase of as little as one hour of social media interaction from normal levels would result in a measurable increase in depression, the study found. (Researchers found no correlation, it’s worth noting, between signs of depression and video games.)

“We found an association between social media and depression in adolescence,” reads the report. “Based on the upward social comparison, it may be that repeated exposure to idealized images lowers adolescents’ self-esteem, triggers depression, and enhances depression over time. Furthermore, heavier users of social media with depression appear to be more negatively affected by their time spent on social media, potentially by the nature of information that they select.”

Several previous studies have linked social media and depression, but this is seemingly the first long-term one to focus exclusively on teens. While the JAMA study did not tie screen time to increased suicides, they did note that depression during adolescence has been linked to teens taking their own lives.

The authors acknowledge their study has limitations, such as not determining which types of social media and which genres of television exacerbate depressive symptoms. However, they note, “adolescents’ social media and television use should be regulated to prevent the development of depression and to reduce exacerbation of existing symptoms over time.”