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領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力內(nèi)幕網(wǎng)絡(luò)是美國的一個(gè)在線社區(qū)，美國商界最睿智和最有影響力的一些人物會在這里及時(shí)回答與職業(yè)和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力有關(guān)的話題。今天為大家分享的是雅培公司質(zhì)保、監(jiān)管與工程服務(wù)高級副總裁科利斯·穆雷在“實(shí)習(xí)結(jié)束后，怎樣留在實(shí)習(xí)單位工作？”這一問題下的回答。

實(shí)習(xí)是了解一個(gè)領(lǐng)域的一種很好的方式。如果你的實(shí)習(xí)期過得很有質(zhì)量，那么實(shí)習(xí)的日子必定過得辛苦，你所從事的這個(gè)行當(dāng)也會漸漸揭開它神秘的面紗，這樣的實(shí)習(xí)顯然是很有意義的。如果你喜歡上了這份辛苦，對工作覺得樂在其中，對所從事的業(yè)務(wù)抱有激情，那么你就必然想獲得一份該領(lǐng)域的工作機(jī)會。

我個(gè)人與實(shí)習(xí)生打交道已經(jīng)有很多年了。五年前，我們還在雅培公司創(chuàng)立了一個(gè)高中生實(shí)習(xí)計(jì)劃。這些年的經(jīng)驗(yàn)下來，我發(fā)現(xiàn)有這樣幾種方法，可以幫助你在實(shí)習(xí)結(jié)束后獲得一份夢想的工作。

找一個(gè)“啦啦隊(duì)長”

很多非常聰明和大氣的老師、老板和其他職業(yè)人士都愿意在你求職時(shí)助你一臂之力——只要你知道如何與他們建立正確的關(guān)系。

找一個(gè)“啦啦隊(duì)長”的最明顯的好處，便是當(dāng)你找工作的時(shí)候，他們能站出來為你說說好話。但他們的另一個(gè)作用，就是當(dāng)你需要做出重大決擇時(shí)，他們能夠?yàn)槟闾峁╊~外的信心——這會讓你顯得更加成熟和自信，從而有助于你獲得那份工作。

我高三時(shí)便有幸得到了一份實(shí)習(xí)機(jī)會。在實(shí)習(xí)期間，我認(rèn)識了一位機(jī)械工程師，他成了一個(gè)對我的人生有重大影響的人。那時(shí)，他并沒有很明顯地替我“搖旗吶喊”過，但是他帶著我參與了一些大型框架系統(tǒng)的檢修工作——這些系統(tǒng)就是那個(gè)時(shí)代的計(jì)算機(jī)的大腦。要知道，在那個(gè)時(shí)代，大多數(shù)女性工程師都是待在辦公室里從事文職工作的。他教會了我如何解決問題，并且同當(dāng)時(shí)只有17歲的我從技術(shù)方面探討了他的工作，以及他作為一名非裔美國人在這個(gè)行業(yè)里所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。

他是一位含蓄的“啦啦隊(duì)長”，但是他為我揭開了工程師的神秘面紗。如果沒有他的鼓勵，我壓根不會進(jìn)入這個(gè)行業(yè)。

打造自己的獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢

當(dāng)我決定從事這份職業(yè)時(shí)，像我這樣的條件，在這個(gè)領(lǐng)域里幾乎是沒有先例的。

作為一名黑人女性工程師，即便在今天，我這樣的人也是稀有物種，甚至比國會里的女政治家還要稀少十倍。去年，美國國會中有104席被女性占據(jù)。相比之下，美國只有12%的工程師是女性，其中少數(shù)族裔的比例更是極為罕見（黑人更是只占了2%）。

但你要記住，如果在你選擇的領(lǐng)域里像你這樣的人不多的話，那么你就有機(jī)會讓大家用全新的視角審視你。你需要做的只是挖掘得更深，看看你的獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢是什么。

在雅培公司，我們?yōu)楦咧猩?、大學(xué)生和MBA學(xué)生都提供了實(shí)習(xí)機(jī)會。我們不僅想把優(yōu)秀的年輕人才招聘到科研和工程崗位上，同時(shí)也想傾聽他們的見解。如果你是一名“80后”或“90后”，那么你看問題的視角可能與你的老板很不一樣。你要意識到這種區(qū)別，并且提供你的視角。

如果你還不知道自己能拿出什么獨(dú)特的東西，就先花些時(shí)間投資自己。比如加入一些職業(yè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，主動承擔(dān)一些具有挑戰(zhàn)性的項(xiàng)目和一些多元化的項(xiàng)目，或是在本地院校就讀一些課程，同時(shí)在行業(yè)內(nèi)外多發(fā)展一些人脈資源。

了解業(yè)務(wù)

除了了解自己的獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢，在實(shí)習(xí)期里展示自己的智慧與技能，你最好還要更進(jìn)一步地了解這個(gè)行業(yè)的業(yè)務(wù)。

如果你還不清楚自己的工作能夠怎樣幫助企業(yè)贏利，怎樣給股東、員工和社會帶來利益，那就最好花些時(shí)間，把這個(gè)問題搞清楚。

不論你對哪家公司感興趣——不管是你現(xiàn)在實(shí)習(xí)的這家還是另一家——你都要仔細(xì)讀讀它的年報(bào)，對它的顧客群體、銷售渠道和成本產(chǎn)生了解。最好再花時(shí)間對它的市場、競爭對手和顧客做一番研究。多聽聽它的收益電話會議，留心公司的動態(tài)。如果你已經(jīng)在這里實(shí)習(xí)了一段時(shí)間，就多問問關(guān)于公司戰(zhàn)略的問題，看看它是如何設(shè)計(jì)的，以及公司是怎樣利用分析來指導(dǎo)決策的。

如果你把上述這幾點(diǎn)都做到了，就再看看你在公司的戰(zhàn)略框架下應(yīng)該處于什么位置。一旦你能回答出你能給公司帶來哪些影響，那么你離獲得這份工作就不遠(yuǎn)了，而且必定能給你未來的老板留下深刻印象。?（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）?

譯者：樸成奎

The Leadership Insiders network is an online community where the most thoughtful and influential people in business contribute answers to timely questions about careers and leadership. Today’s answer to the question “How do you turn an internship into a full-time job?” is by Corlis Murray, senior vice president of quality assurance, regulatory, and engineering services at Abbott.

Internships are fantastic ways to learn about the field you’re considering. If they’re quality, they’re going to be tough, demystifying—and meaningful. If you find you like the toughness, are happy with the day-to-day, and are impassioned by the impact the line of work offers, you’re going to want to land a job in that field.

After many years of working with interns, including starting a high school internship program at Abbott five years ago, I’ve learned that there are certain ways to market yourself for that dream job post-internship:

Find a cheerleader

Plenty of really smart, wonderful teachers, bosses, and other professionals are willing to cheer you on—if you work to build the right relationships with them.

The obvious benefit of finding cheerleaders is they can rally on your behalf when you want a job. But they’re also great because they give you an extra boost of confidence when making big decisions—which means you look better and feel better, both of which will also help you secure jobs.

I was fortunate to land an internship after my junior year of high school. During that internship, I met a mechanical engineer who ended up being a hugely influential person in my life. He didn’t exactly look or act like a “cheerleader,” but he took me out in the field to troubleshoot large, mainframe systems—the brains for computers at the time—during a time when most female engineers were expected to stay in the office. He taught me how to problem solve. And he discussed with 17-year-old me the technical aspects of what he did, as well as some of the challenges that he had as an African-American in the industry at the time.

He was my implicit cheerleader, but one who demystified what engineers really could do. Without his encouragement, I might not be in the field at all.

Make your own ‘odds’

When I decided to pursue this career, not a single person I knew in the field looked like me.

As a black, female engineer, today, I’m about 10 times more rare than a woman in Congress. While 104 women held seats in Congress last year, just about 12% of engineers in the U.S. are women, and a small percentage of them are minorities (2% are black).

What you need to remember is if there aren’t very many people like you in your chosen field, you have the opportunity to offer a new perspective. You just have to dig down deep enough to figure out what your unique perspective is.

We offer high school, college, and MBA-focused internships at Abbott, not only to attract bright, young people to science and engineering jobs, but to hear their perspectives. If you’re a millennial or part of Generation Z, you probably have a different perspective than your boss. Vet it out and offer it up.

If you’re struggling to figure out your unique offering, spend some time investing in yourself: Join professional networks, take on challenging and diverse projects, enroll in courses at a local college, and network inside and outside of work.

Know the business

In addition to knowing your unique offering and showcasing your intellect and skills during your internship, you also better know the business.

If you don’t think you can articulate how what you do contributes to your company’s responsibility to turn a profit and do right by shareholders, employees, and communities, spend some time mapping it out.

Whatever company you’re interested in—whether the one you’re at now or another—read the annual reports to gain an understanding of customers, sales channels, and costs. Investigate markets, competitors, and customers. Listen in to earnings calls and pay attention. If you’re there already, ask about the company’s strategy, how it was conceived, and how the company uses analytics to guide decisions.

And after you’ve done all of that, figure out where you are in that strategic universe. Once you can answer the “impact” question for yourself, you’re on your way to landing a job—and seriously impressing your future boss.