????這是個(gè)管理層已經(jīng)不再使用的術(shù)語(yǔ)：工作倦?。╞urnout）。15年前，許多企業(yè)開(kāi)始縮編，員工的工作負(fù)擔(dān)隨之增加，這個(gè)詞也流行了一陣子。而且沒(méi)過(guò)多久黑莓手機(jī)就問(wèn)世了——這款設(shè)備后來(lái)被人笑稱為職場(chǎng)終極催命器。

????那么，為何關(guān)于工作倦怠的探討已成明日黃花？如今經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)萎靡不振，大多數(shù)員工能有份工作就很滿意了，不希望抱怨，也不希望表現(xiàn)得缺乏激情。人人都得全心全力投入，每周7天、每天24小時(shí)隨叫隨到。

????市場(chǎng)研究公司Opinion Matters對(duì)多家公司的500位IT管理員進(jìn)行了調(diào)查，并于4月份發(fā)布了相關(guān)報(bào)告。報(bào)告指出，72%的受調(diào)查者有壓力，67%希望改行，85%都說(shuō)他們的工作已經(jīng)干擾了私生活，42%曾因工作問(wèn)題而失眠。工作倦怠離我們還遠(yuǎn)嗎？

????不堪重負(fù)的豈止是IT管理員。美國(guó)勞工統(tǒng)計(jì)局（he U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics）2012年3月的報(bào)告顯示，盡管失業(yè)率居高不下，仍有1.8%的全職員工（即約210萬(wàn)雇員）辭掉了他們?cè)谒綘I(yíng)企業(yè)的工作，涉及行業(yè)包括建筑、制造、貿(mào)易、專業(yè)與商業(yè)服務(wù)、休閑及酒店。2009年6月以來(lái)，這個(gè)比例一直在緩慢而穩(wěn)定地攀升，從中可以讀出很多事情，包括工作倦怠的逼近。

????紐約精神治療醫(yī)師、《無(wú)所畏懼：28天改變生活》（Be Fearless: Change Your Life in 28 Days）一書(shū)的作者喬納森?阿爾珀特指出，他的病人包括企業(yè)員工、媒體和金融專業(yè)人士，而幾乎所有人都“面臨著更大壓力，部分員工被解雇之后，剩下的人必須承擔(dān)更多責(zé)任、更努力地工作，同時(shí)獲得的支持卻在減少，這些都有可能誘發(fā)工作倦怠。”

????《價(jià)值觀轉(zhuǎn)變：新職場(chǎng)倫理及其對(duì)企業(yè)的影響》（Values-Shift: The New Work Ethic and What It Means for Business）一書(shū)作者約翰?伊佐稱：“商業(yè)氛圍變得如此激烈，充滿競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性，企業(yè)領(lǐng)袖都全神貫注于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，要求從員工那里壓榨出盡可能多的價(jià)值，人人都工作到了自己的極限。”

????伊佐還稱，許多高管及其員工都因不斷改變的需求而疲于奔命，將每天的大多數(shù)時(shí)間用于應(yīng)對(duì)最后關(guān)頭才浮現(xiàn)的危機(jī)。盡管競(jìng)爭(zhēng)帶來(lái)的要求不斷升級(jí)，許多公司都不清楚應(yīng)該如何給員工減壓，有很多甚至根本就不愿提起這個(gè)話題。

????倦怠與淡漠僅一步之遙

????伊佐說(shuō)，那些陷入工作倦怠的員工仿佛“受了工傷”，他們?nèi)匀粫?huì)來(lái)上班，但卻失去了動(dòng)力，只希望安然度過(guò)一天又一天。這種淡漠的態(tài)度影響工作效率，扼殺創(chuàng)新，使職場(chǎng)彌漫著惰性。

????伊佐舉了個(gè)例子來(lái)說(shuō)明自己的觀點(diǎn)：一位醫(yī)療保健公司的首席執(zhí)行官正和董事會(huì)一起遴選新的執(zhí)行副總裁，他批評(píng)一位候選人說(shuō)：“不管工作日程上還有多少事情，她都堅(jiān)持休滿兩周的假期”。伊佐本人當(dāng)時(shí)也參加了這場(chǎng)會(huì)議，他說(shuō)他一直等著看，是否有人會(huì)開(kāi)口反對(duì)這位首席執(zhí)行官的說(shuō)法，但沒(méi)有一個(gè)人這么做。假期能幫助高管充電，提高工作效率。伊佐認(rèn)為，這位女候選人度假之事不應(yīng)該招致攻擊。

????Here's a word that managers don't use much anymore: burnout. The term was in vogue about 15 years ago when companies began to downsize and employee workload intensified. That was just before the advent of the BlackBerry, what eventually came to be known as the ultimate work leash.

????So, then, why has talking about burnout become passé? In a struggling economy, most employees are happy to have jobs and don't want to complain or appear as if they lack enthusiasm. Everyone is expected to give 100% and be available 24/7.

????A study released in April of 500 IT administrators from various firms by Opinion Matters revealed that 72% of respondents were stressed, 67% considered switching careers, 85% said their job intruded on their personal life, and 42% lost sleep over work. Can burnout be far behind?

????But it's not just IT administrators who may be stretched thin. Despite the nagging unemployment rates, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported in March 2012 that 1.8% of full-time employees (around 2.1 million workers) quit their jobs in the private sector covering construction, manufacturing, trade, professional and business services, leisure and hospitality. The rate has made a slow, steady climb since June 2009, a potential sign of encroaching burnout, among many other things.

????Jonathan Alpert, a New York psychotherapist and author of Be Fearless: Change Your Life in 28 Days, says he treats corporate workers, media and finance specialists, and nearly everyone is "facing more pressure. With people laid off, people are taking on more responsibilities, working harder, having less support and that amounts to burnout."

????"The business climate has become so fiery and competitive that leaders are focused on competition and getting the most out of their people. Everyone's working to their max," explains John Izzo, author of Values-Shift: The New Work Ethic and What It Means for Business.

????Izzo says that many executives and their staffers are consumed by changing demands and spend much of their day addressing last-minute emergencies. As competitive demands escalate, many companies aren't sure exactly what to do to relieve stress, so many don't even raise the topic.

????A quick jaunt from burnout to apathy

????The employee that suffers from burnout becomes part of the "working wounded," Izzo says. They show up to work but have lost their motivation and are just trying to get through the day unscathed. That apathy reduces productivity, nullifies innovation, and creates inertia in the workplace.

????Izzo relates how a CEO of a healthcare company was selecting a new executive vice president with his board. The CEO belittled one candidate by saying, "She takes her two-week vacation no matter what's on her agenda." Izzo, who was sitting in that particular meeting, says he waited for someone to speak up and disagree with the CEO's judgment, but no one did. Vacations help an executive recharge and make them more productive; she shouldn't have been maligned for taking time off, Izzo argues.