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登山和養(yǎng)娃教會我了什么?

Majka Burhardt
2023-07-09

為了真正推動氣候正義,我們需要考慮的是,人們面臨的問題是復(fù)雜、混亂的,而且超越了行業(yè)界限以及任何撥款能夠覆蓋的策略周期。

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馬伊卡·布哈特首次攀爬2,000英尺(約609.6米)高的納穆利山(Mount Namuli)立面。圖片來源:COURTESY OF MAJKA BURHARDT

我是Legado的創(chuàng)始人及執(zhí)行董事,這是一家致力于推動氣候正義的國際機構(gòu)。我還是一名職業(yè)巖石、冰山和山體攀爬運動員。七年前,我覺得我的工作是幫助保護全球生物多樣性。后來,我有了一對雙胞胎,一切都變了。

2011年,我從巴塔哥尼亞(Patagonia)和Clif Bar等戶外公司那里零零總總地湊了1.1萬美元,創(chuàng)建了Legado。這些公司都是我攀爬運動的贊助商。我的想法很簡單:在2,000英尺(約609.6米)高的納穆利山(Mount Namuli,莫桑比克第二高山)立面建立首條攀爬路線,讓攀爬于這一路線的科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)新物種,并通過與納穆利山的社區(qū)和莫桑比克非營利性機構(gòu)開展合作,發(fā)起對話項目。

公司基本上實現(xiàn)了這一目標(biāo),而且在數(shù)年之內(nèi),Legado從關(guān)鍵生態(tài)系統(tǒng)合作基金(Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund)和世界野生動物基金會(World Wildlife Fund)等知名機構(gòu)那里獲得了資助。然而隨后發(fā)生了兩件事情:納穆利山的原住民隆韋族(Lomwe)人問我,什么時候才會意識到,僅僅保護其森林是不夠的,他們的社區(qū)也需要更大力度的支持,主要是教育、健康、農(nóng)業(yè)、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施等。當(dāng)時,我懷上了雙胞胎。

在懷孕末期,我的睡眠變得很差。在最后幾周的時間里,巨大的腹部時不時因為收縮而變得凹凸不平,尤其是在夜間上廁所時,我不得不費盡九牛二虎之力才能把自己弄下床,而且一晚上還得去六次到八次。在凌晨2點,我查了查還有多少女性跟我一樣的處境。原來,聯(lián)合國估計的數(shù)字顯示,全球每天的產(chǎn)婦數(shù)量將近40萬。經(jīng)過一番快速、非實證性的午夜推理,我計算了一下,每兩周將有560萬婦女分娩,而且其手臂可能會在睡夢中產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重的血液循環(huán)障礙。

在我40多個小時的分娩過程中,我一直在思考這個龐大的全球生育群體,而且我在自己人生最為艱難的時刻竟然因為這種虛構(gòu)的友情得到了鼓舞。然而,在懷抱雙胞胎數(shù)個小時之后,我轉(zhuǎn)而開始思考女性和納穆利地區(qū)的家庭。

在生產(chǎn)之際,我收到了一條消息,上面寫著只要我寫一個商業(yè)方案,那么Legado就會獲得一年的預(yù)算。作為一名無法休產(chǎn)假的社會企業(yè)家,我在這封郵件發(fā)出后不到6小時便查看了該郵件。因此,在我的家庭成為四口之家的第一天,我便一直在思考我該如何度過自己的一生,以及我想為家人做些什么。我還想到了納穆利的很多家庭一再向我講述的自身訴求——他們最看重的就是其健康以及其森林的健康,更不用說他們對自己土地的合法權(quán)益、更多的教師和受教育機會等等。然而,潛在的新金主一心只想支持納穆利雨林的保護,那么我應(yīng)該如何在二者之間進行斡旋?直到那時,我才意識到,我始終都沒有為Legado找到正確的發(fā)展方向。

與以往的做法一樣,對話關(guān)注的是自然資源保護,但通常卻把這些資源的實際所有者和管理者排除在外。作為一名登山者,我親身體驗了氣候變化對山區(qū)的影響,而且十分關(guān)注地球的健康,因此我過去都是從這個視角開展對話。然而如今,我覺得這個視角對納穆利的民眾來說過于狹窄了,因為它并未考慮其首要需求,例如生計、教育、健康、文化等等。

我們有必要從我們認為隆韋族民眾需要的解決方案,轉(zhuǎn)為支持他們實現(xiàn)自己想要實現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)。這是純粹的對話與氣候正義之間的區(qū)別。Legado不會成為一個對話機構(gòu),而是會專注于踐行氣候正義。

當(dāng)解決氣候變化的理念將被轉(zhuǎn)化為受資助的計劃時,氣候正義將確保這些受影響最大的群體可以參與決策制定。Legado將確保這些受影響最大的群體能夠為其需求爭取到最好的解決方案。

在成為一名母親之前,我想過要孩子,但并沒有想到是雙胞胎。與天下父母一樣,在這個世界中將這個小小的人類養(yǎng)大意味著我每天都得學(xué)習(xí)、失敗并不斷嘗試,唯一不同的是這個頻率對我來說是雙倍的。我家人的需求一直在不斷變化,而且隨著我順應(yīng)這一現(xiàn)實來學(xué)習(xí)如何為人父母,我調(diào)整了Legado的發(fā)展方向,這樣,它便可以適應(yīng)納穆利這類社區(qū)所描述的復(fù)雜現(xiàn)實,從提供自上而下的解決方案轉(zhuǎn)為為社區(qū)自身探求解決方案提供支持。這種方式讓機構(gòu)的規(guī)模擴大了三倍,并將工作地域拓展至肯尼亞和秘魯。

各個社區(qū)找我們是因為他們看到,這家機構(gòu)首先會傾聽,然后支持他們實現(xiàn)自身發(fā)現(xiàn)的首要目標(biāo)。然而,我們并不會為對話提供定論式的答案,而是采取以人為本的方法,以支持受氣候變化直接影響的原住民和當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū),追逐他們用于造福其民眾和土地的多元化首要目標(biāo)。

如今,我們的社區(qū)合作伙伴已經(jīng)遍布莫桑比克、肯尼亞和秘魯,他們推動當(dāng)?shù)靥峁┙佑|教育和醫(yī)療的渠道,確保了土地權(quán)益,增加了氣候適應(yīng)性工作崗位,并將社區(qū)主導(dǎo)的首要目標(biāo)融入政府規(guī)劃和預(yù)算。不過,我們依然還有很多事情要做。

為了真正推動氣候正義,我們需要考慮的是,人們面臨的問題是復(fù)雜、混亂的,而且超越了行業(yè)界限以及任何撥款能夠覆蓋的策略周期。為人父母教會了我如何支持這項工作,首先就是要從人類天性的視角來看待問題。(財富中文網(wǎng))

馬伊卡·布哈特(Majka Burhardt)是一名職業(yè)攀爬運動員,也是Legado的創(chuàng)始人及執(zhí)行董事。她還是一對雙胞胎的母親,新書《More》的作者,同時為其雙胞胎撰寫了一系列實時信件,講述了她如何一邊經(jīng)營發(fā)展Legado,一邊將他們從出生撫養(yǎng)到5歲。

Fortune.com上發(fā)表的評論文章中表達的觀點,僅代表作者本人的觀點,不代表《財富》雜志的觀點和立場。

譯者:馮豐

審校:夏林

我是Legado的創(chuàng)始人及執(zhí)行董事,這是一家致力于推動氣候正義的國際機構(gòu)。我還是一名職業(yè)巖石、冰山和山體攀爬運動員。七年前,我覺得我的工作是幫助保護全球生物多樣性。后來,我有了一對雙胞胎,一切都變了。

2011年,我從巴塔哥尼亞(Patagonia)和Clif Bar等戶外公司那里零零總總地湊了1.1萬美元,創(chuàng)建了Legado。這些公司都是我攀爬運動的贊助商。我的想法很簡單:在2,000英尺(約609.6米)高的納穆利山(Mount Namuli,莫桑比克第二高山)立面建立首條攀爬路線,讓攀爬于這一路線的科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)新物種,并通過與納穆利山的社區(qū)和莫桑比克非營利性機構(gòu)開展合作,發(fā)起對話項目。

公司基本上實現(xiàn)了這一目標(biāo),而且在數(shù)年之內(nèi),Legado從關(guān)鍵生態(tài)系統(tǒng)合作基金(Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund)和世界野生動物基金會(World Wildlife Fund)等知名機構(gòu)那里獲得了資助。然而隨后發(fā)生了兩件事情:納穆利山的原住民隆韋族(Lomwe)人問我,什么時候才會意識到,僅僅保護其森林是不夠的,他們的社區(qū)也需要更大力度的支持,主要是教育、健康、農(nóng)業(yè)、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施等。當(dāng)時,我懷上了雙胞胎。

在懷孕末期,我的睡眠變得很差。在最后幾周的時間里,巨大的腹部時不時因為收縮而變得凹凸不平,尤其是在夜間上廁所時,我不得不費盡九牛二虎之力才能把自己弄下床,而且一晚上還得去六次到八次。在凌晨2點,我查了查還有多少女性跟我一樣的處境。原來,聯(lián)合國估計的數(shù)字顯示,全球每天的產(chǎn)婦數(shù)量將近40萬。經(jīng)過一番快速、非實證性的午夜推理,我計算了一下,每兩周將有560萬婦女分娩,而且其手臂可能會在睡夢中產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重的血液循環(huán)障礙。

在我40多個小時的分娩過程中,我一直在思考這個龐大的全球生育群體,而且我在自己人生最為艱難的時刻竟然因為這種虛構(gòu)的友情得到了鼓舞。然而,在懷抱雙胞胎數(shù)個小時之后,我轉(zhuǎn)而開始思考女性和納穆利地區(qū)的家庭。

在生產(chǎn)之際,我收到了一條消息,上面寫著只要我寫一個商業(yè)方案,那么Legado就會獲得一年的預(yù)算。作為一名無法休產(chǎn)假的社會企業(yè)家,我在這封郵件發(fā)出后不到6小時便查看了該郵件。因此,在我的家庭成為四口之家的第一天,我便一直在思考我該如何度過自己的一生,以及我想為家人做些什么。我還想到了納穆利的很多家庭一再向我講述的自身訴求——他們最看重的就是其健康以及其森林的健康,更不用說他們對自己土地的合法權(quán)益、更多的教師和受教育機會等等。然而,潛在的新金主一心只想支持納穆利雨林的保護,那么我應(yīng)該如何在二者之間進行斡旋?直到那時,我才意識到,我始終都沒有為Legado找到正確的發(fā)展方向。

與以往的做法一樣,對話關(guān)注的是自然資源保護,但通常卻把這些資源的實際所有者和管理者排除在外。作為一名登山者,我親身體驗了氣候變化對山區(qū)的影響,而且十分關(guān)注地球的健康,因此我過去都是從這個視角開展對話。然而如今,我覺得這個視角對納穆利的民眾來說過于狹窄了,因為它并未考慮其首要需求,例如生計、教育、健康、文化等等。

我們有必要從我們認為隆韋族民眾需要的解決方案,轉(zhuǎn)為支持他們實現(xiàn)自己想要實現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)。這是純粹的對話與氣候正義之間的區(qū)別。Legado不會成為一個對話機構(gòu),而是會專注于踐行氣候正義。

當(dāng)解決氣候變化的理念將被轉(zhuǎn)化為受資助的計劃時,氣候正義將確保這些受影響最大的群體可以參與決策制定。Legado將確保這些受影響最大的群體能夠為其需求爭取到最好的解決方案。

在成為一名母親之前,我想過要孩子,但并沒有想到是雙胞胎。與天下父母一樣,在這個世界中將這個小小的人類養(yǎng)大意味著我每天都得學(xué)習(xí)、失敗并不斷嘗試,唯一不同的是這個頻率對我來說是雙倍的。我家人的需求一直在不斷變化,而且隨著我順應(yīng)這一現(xiàn)實來學(xué)習(xí)如何為人父母,我調(diào)整了Legado的發(fā)展方向,這樣,它便可以適應(yīng)納穆利這類社區(qū)所描述的復(fù)雜現(xiàn)實,從提供自上而下的解決方案轉(zhuǎn)為為社區(qū)自身探求解決方案提供支持。這種方式讓機構(gòu)的規(guī)模擴大了三倍,并將工作地域拓展至肯尼亞和秘魯。

各個社區(qū)找我們是因為他們看到,這家機構(gòu)首先會傾聽,然后支持他們實現(xiàn)自身發(fā)現(xiàn)的首要目標(biāo)。然而,我們并不會為對話提供定論式的答案,而是采取以人為本的方法,以支持受氣候變化直接影響的原住民和當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū),追逐他們用于造福其民眾和土地的多元化首要目標(biāo)。

如今,我們的社區(qū)合作伙伴已經(jīng)遍布莫桑比克、肯尼亞和秘魯,他們推動當(dāng)?shù)靥峁┙佑|教育和醫(yī)療的渠道,確保了土地權(quán)益,增加了氣候適應(yīng)性工作崗位,并將社區(qū)主導(dǎo)的首要目標(biāo)融入政府規(guī)劃和預(yù)算。不過,我們依然還有很多事情要做。

為了真正推動氣候正義,我們需要考慮的是,人們面臨的問題是復(fù)雜、混亂的,而且超越了行業(yè)界限以及任何撥款能夠覆蓋的策略周期。為人父母教會了我如何支持這項工作,首先就是要從人類天性的視角來看待問題。(財富中文網(wǎng))

馬伊卡·布哈特(Majka Burhardt)是一名職業(yè)攀爬運動員,也是Legado的創(chuàng)始人及執(zhí)行董事。她還是一對雙胞胎的母親,新書《More》的作者,同時為其雙胞胎撰寫了一系列實時信件,講述了她如何一邊經(jīng)營發(fā)展Legado,一邊將他們從出生撫養(yǎng)到5歲。

Fortune.com上發(fā)表的評論文章中表達的觀點,僅代表作者本人的觀點,不代表《財富》雜志的觀點和立場。

譯者:馮豐

審校:夏林

I’m the founder and executive director of Legado, an international organization that works to advance climate justice. I am also a professional rock, ice, and mountain climber. Seven years ago, I thought my job was to help protect global biodiversity. Then I had twins, and everything changed.

I started Legado in 2011 with $11,000 cobbled together from outdoor companies such as Patagonia and Clif Bar that sponsored me as a climber. My vision was simple(ish): establish a first ascent on the 2,000-foot face of Mount Namuli (the second highest mountain in Mozambique), bring scientists on that ascent to find new species, and launch a conservation program by working with Namuli’s communities and Mozambican nonprofits.

We largely reached our goals, and within a few years, Legado was receiving funding from global names like the Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund and the World Wildlife Fund. But then two things happened: The Lomwe people of Mount Namuli, the mountain’s ancestral owners, asked me when I would start understanding that protecting their forest wasn’t enough and that they needed better support for their communities, focused on education, health, agriculture, infrastructure, and more. And I got pregnant…with twins.

Sleeping sucks at the end of pregnancy. My giant belly was riddled with contractions in those final weeks, especially when I had to heave myself out of bed during my six to eight nightly trips to the bathroom. One night at 2 a.m., I looked up how many other women might be in the same situation. It turns out the UN estimates that just under 400,000 women worldwide give birth each day. By fast, non-empirical, middle-of-the-night logic, I calculated that in any two-week period, 5.6 million women were about to give birth and likely also losing all circulation in their arms while sleeping.

I was thinking about this extended global birth group through my 40+ hours of labor, buoyed by a conceptual camaraderie during one of the hardest moments of my life. But within hours of having my twins in my arms, I switched to thinking about the women and families of Namuli.

While I’d been in labor, a message had come in telling me that Legado had a year of our annual budget in grasp, if I just wrote a proposal. As a social entrepreneur without the option of maternity leave, I saw that email less than six hours after it was sent. Thus, over the course of my family’s first day as a foursome, I kept thinking about all that I wanted to make happen in my life and for my family. I also thought about what the families on Namuli had repeatedly told me they wanted for themselves–that their priorities were both their health and the health of their forest, not to mention legal rights to their land, additional teachers and educational opportunities, and more. How was I going to reconcile this all with the new potential funder who wanted only to support the protection of Namuli’s rainforest? It was then I realized I had been building Legado wrong.

Conservation, as it has been traditionally practiced, focuses on protecting a natural resource, often to the exclusion of the actual owners and stewards of that resource. I picked the conservation lane as a climber who’s seen climate change play out in the mountains firsthand and who cares about the health of our planet. But now I was seeing how that lane was too narrow for the people of Namuli. It did not account for their priorities: their livelihoods, education, health, culture, and more.

We needed to shift from providing solutions we thought the Lomwe people needed, to supporting them to reach their own goals instead. This is the difference between mere conservation and climate justice. Legado was not going to be a conservation organization, but instead one that focused on advancing climate justice.

Climate justice is ensuring that those most impacted are at the decision-making table when ideas for addressing the consequences of climate change are being turned into funded plans. It is ensuring that those most impacted determine the best outcome for their needs.

Before I became a mom, I had a plan for parenthood. It did not include twins. Like any parent, having a tiny human to raise in the world means I learn and fail and try every day–only at double the frequency. My family’s needs are constantly evolving. And as I’ve learned to parent in response to this reality, I’ve also pivoted Legado so that it can adapt to the complexities described by communities like Namuli’s, moving from providing top-down solutions to supporting the solutions the communities themselves identify. This approach has also quadrupled the organization’s size and expanded our work to Kenya and Peru.

Communities are reaching out to us because they see an organization that listens first, then supports them in reaching their self-identified priorities. We do not, however, have the slam-dunk answer to conservation. What we do have is a human-centered method for supporting indigenous peoples and local communities at the forefront of climate change, to pursue their diverse priorities for their people and their land.

Today our community partners across Mozambique, Kenya, and Peru have advanced local access to education and healthcare, secured land rights, increased climate-adaptive livelihoods, and integrated community-led priorities in local government plans and budgets. And there’s still more to come.

To truly advance climate justice, we need to consider that the problems people face are complex, messy, and extend beyond sectoral boundaries and strategic cycles that any grant can cover. Being a mom has taught me how to support this work by being human, first.

Majka Burhardt is a professional climber, the founder and executive director of Legado, a mother of twins, and the author of the new book More, a series of real-time letters to her twins as she raised them from birth to age five while running and growing Legado.

The opinions expressed in Fortune.com commentary pieces are solely the views of their authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinions and beliefs of Fortune.

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