每當(dāng)媒體報道碧昂絲的資產(chǎn)凈值有4.5億美元，或者特朗普的資產(chǎn)凈值有37億美元時，你可能不禁會想：“我的資產(chǎn)凈值是多少？”雖然你可能沒有億萬身家，但要算出自己的資產(chǎn)凈值也不難。

所謂的資產(chǎn)凈值，其實就是你的資產(chǎn)減去負(fù)債所剩的數(shù)額。如果你的資產(chǎn)凈值是負(fù)數(shù)，那就說明你的負(fù)債超過了資產(chǎn)。如果你的資產(chǎn)凈值是正數(shù)，那就說明你的資產(chǎn)超過了負(fù)債。

如果你也有一個發(fā)財夢，那么了解和掌控自己的資產(chǎn)凈值是非常重要的?，F(xiàn)在我們就來看看如何計算你的資產(chǎn)凈值，好讓你能在此基礎(chǔ)上實現(xiàn)個人財富的增長。

如何計算你的資產(chǎn)凈值

要想計算自己的資產(chǎn)凈值，你首先需要掌握自己的資產(chǎn)和負(fù)債額。

首先你要收集以下信息：

? 房屋所有權(quán)證

? 當(dāng)前注冊和未注冊的投資證明

? 娛樂性車輛載具及私家車的當(dāng)前價值

? 銀行存款證明

? 所有的抵押貸款證明

? 信用卡證明

? 學(xué)生貸款、車貸、銀行貸款、信用額度和個人貸款證明等信息

? 人壽保險證明

一旦你有了關(guān)于個人資產(chǎn)和負(fù)債的全部信息，你就可以開始計算你的凈資產(chǎn)了。第一步，你要計算所有資產(chǎn)的價值，它也是決定你的資產(chǎn)凈值能否增長的關(guān)鍵。

有形資產(chǎn)清單

有了各種所需信息之后，就可以動手計算了。首先要計算的是有形資產(chǎn)。

顧名思義，有形資產(chǎn)就是各種物理資產(chǎn)的價值。換句話說，有形資產(chǎn)必然是看得見摸得著的。你要對以下各種有形資產(chǎn)列出清單，并計算其價值：

? 住宅

? 度假住宅

? 出租房

? 投資性房產(chǎn)

? 家具

? 汽車

? 運(yùn)動及收藏性車輛

? 休閑性載具，如游艇、雪地車、野營車等 。

? 藝術(shù)品

? 珠寶

將這些資產(chǎn)的價值相加，你就得到了你的有形資產(chǎn)總值。

權(quán)益資產(chǎn)清單

權(quán)益資產(chǎn)指的是你在企業(yè)里持有的所有者權(quán)益，也包括你的養(yǎng)老金賬戶中的股票。

你要對以下各種權(quán)益資產(chǎn)列出清單，并計算其價值：

? 股票

? 可變年金

? 合伙股份

? 商業(yè)股份

? 養(yǎng)老金賬戶，比如401k或IRA。

將以上所有項目的價值相加，就得到了你的權(quán)益資產(chǎn)總值。

固定收入資產(chǎn)清單

下一步，你要列出自己的固定收入資產(chǎn)清單。你的固定收入資產(chǎn)也包括能夠定期付息的長期投資。

固定收入資產(chǎn)可能包括：

? 美國政府債券及證券

? 市政債券

? 企業(yè)債券

? 債券共同基金

將此類別的所有項目相加，你就得到了自己的固定收入資產(chǎn)總值。

現(xiàn)金和現(xiàn)金等價物清單

現(xiàn)金等價物是指在緊急情況下能夠立即提現(xiàn)的短期賬戶和投資，包括你支票戶頭和銀行賬戶上的所有現(xiàn)金，以及其它能夠輕易變現(xiàn)的貨幣市場基金。

該類別的資產(chǎn)一般有：

? 支票賬戶余額

? 儲蓄賬戶余額

? 貨幣市場共同基金余額

? 定期存單

? 其他現(xiàn)金儲蓄

將以上項目的價值相加，就得到了你的現(xiàn)金及現(xiàn)金等價物總值。

一旦你分別計算出了所有列出的資產(chǎn)項目的價值，你就可以算出自己的資產(chǎn)總值了。資產(chǎn)總值的計算十分簡單，將各個資產(chǎn)類別的總值相加即可。

? 有形資產(chǎn)

? 權(quán)益資產(chǎn)

? 固定收入資產(chǎn)

? 現(xiàn)金和現(xiàn)金等價物

? 其他資產(chǎn)

負(fù)債清單

下面就要算算你的負(fù)債了。負(fù)債就是個人或企業(yè)欠別人的錢，它會拉低你的資產(chǎn)凈值。

負(fù)債主要包括以下項目：

? 住房抵押貸款

? 名下其他房產(chǎn)的抵押貸款，如度假屋和出租房的抵押貸款。

? 房屋凈值信用額度

? 房屋凈值貸款

? 車貸

? 銀行貸款

? 學(xué)生貸款

? 個人信用額度余額

? 信用卡余額

? 個人貸款

? 其他債務(wù)

將以上各項的價值相加，你就得到了自己的總負(fù)債金額。

應(yīng)用資產(chǎn)凈值計算公式

一旦你列出了自己的所有資產(chǎn)和負(fù)債，要想計算自己的資產(chǎn)凈值就十分簡便了。用總資產(chǎn)額減去總負(fù)債額，就可以算出自己的資產(chǎn)凈值。即：

總資產(chǎn)–總負(fù)債=資產(chǎn)凈值

每年計算一次自己的資產(chǎn)凈值，對于一個人的理財規(guī)劃是十分重要的。因為它有助于你評估自己的經(jīng)濟(jì)水平，以及你與自己的理財目標(biāo)相差多遠(yuǎn)。它也會向你展示一些進(jìn)行改變的機(jī)會。比如，你手里的現(xiàn)金可能超過了不時的救急之需，因此你可以把多余的現(xiàn)金用于投資，為退休攢些養(yǎng)老錢，或是為子女?dāng)€下上學(xué)錢。

另一方面，如果年度資產(chǎn)凈值顯示你的負(fù)債比資產(chǎn)增長得要快，那么你可能就要重新制訂一下家庭預(yù)算，想個最好的辦法擺脫負(fù)債了。（財富中文網(wǎng)）

本文原載于GoBankingRates.com。

譯者：樸成奎

When you see Beyonce's net worth of $450 million or President Donald Trump's net worth of $3.7 billion, you're probably wondering, "What is my net worth?" Although you might not be worth millions or billions of dollars, you don't have to be a millionaire or a billionaire to find your net worth.

Your net worth is a snapshot of the value of what you own minus what you owe. If you have a negative net worth, then you owe more than what you have available to you. A positive net worth means the value of what you own is greater than the amount that you owe.

If you have dreams of becoming rich, knowing and monitoring your net worth is important. Here's how to calculate your net worth so you can grow your personal wealth.

How to calculate your net worth

To find your net worth, you'll first need current figures for everything you own and everything you owe.

Collect the following information:

? Real estate ownership papers

? Current registered and non-registered investment statements

? Current values on recreational vehicles and automobiles

? Bank account statements

? All mortgage statements

? Credit card statements

? Student, automobile, bank loan, credit line and personal loan statements

? Life insurance statements

Once you have all your information, you can begin calculating your net worth by starting with a list of all of your assets, which are anything of value that you own that increases your net worth.

List tangible assets

Now that you have all of the information you need, it's time to really dig into it. First up: tangible assets.

Tangible assets are items of value with physical properties. In other words, these are assets that you can touch. List and assign dollar values to all tangible assets such as:

? Residence

? Vacation home

? Rental properties

? Investment real estate

? Furniture

? Cars

? Sports or vintage automobiles

? Recreational equipment such as boats, snow machines or RVs

? Art

? Jewelry

Add up the dollar value of all of these items to find your total tangible assets.

List equity assets

Equity assets are your ownership interests in businesses, including stocks held in retirement accounts.

List and assign dollar values to all equity assets such as:

? Stocks

? Variable annuities

? Limited partnerships

? Business interests

? Any retirement accounts such as a 401k or IRA

Add up the dollar values of all items to find your total equity assets.

List fixed-income assets

Next, you need to list your fixed-income assets. Your fixed-income assets include long-term investments that pay interest on a fixed schedule.

Fixed-income assets can include:

? U.S. government bonds and securities

? Municipal bonds

? Corporate bonds

? Bond mutual funds

Add up the dollar values of all items you own in this category to find your total fixed-income assets.

List cash and cash equivalents

Cash equivalents refer to short-term accounts and investments that can be cashed in for emergencies. Include all the cash sitting in your checking and savings accounts, as well as all other easily liquidated money market funds.

Typical assets in this category include:

? Checking account balances

? Savings account balances

? Money market mutual fund balances

? Certificates of deposit

? Other cash reserves

Add up the dollar values of these items to find your total cash and cash equivalents.

Once you have all of your assets listed, it's time to sum up your total assets. To determine your total assets, add up the totals of each asset category:

? Tangible assets

? Equity assets

? Fixed-income assets

? Cash and cash equivalents

? Other assets

List your liabilities

Next, it's time to list your liabilities. A liability is money owed by an individual or business that decreases net worth.

Liabilities include:

? Home mortgage

? Other mortgages, such as vacation property or rental property

? Home equity line of credit

? Home equity loan

? Auto loans

? Bank loans

? Student loans

? Personal credit line balances

? Balances on credit cards

? Personal loans

? Other debts or money you owe

Add up the dollar values of each of these items to get your total liabilities.

Apply the net worth formula

Once you've listed all of your assets and liabilities, calculating your net worth is straightforward. Use the final total assets amount and the total liabilities amount to figure out your net worth:

Total Assets – Total Liabilities = Net Worth

Calculating your net worth annually is an important part of financial planning because it helps you assess your financial progress and how well you're meeting your financial goals. It might also show you opportunities to make changes. For example, you might have more money in cash than you need for an emergency fund; you could invest that money for retirement or education savings.

On the other hand, if updating your net worth annually shows your liabilities increasing more than your assets, it could be time to revisit your budget and figure out the best way to get out of debt.

This article originally appeared on GoBankingRates.com.