成人小说亚洲一区二区三区,亚洲国产精品一区二区三区,国产精品成人精品久久久,久久综合一区二区三区,精品无码av一区二区,国产一级a毛一级a看免费视频,欧洲uv免费在线区一二区,亚洲国产欧美中日韩成人综合视频,国产熟女一区二区三区五月婷小说,亚洲一区波多野结衣在线

立即打開
GM: Death of an American dream

GM: Death of an American dream

Alex Taylor III 2009年03月18日

????* * *

????At GM, conformity was everything, and rebellion was frowned on. I encountered former GM executive John Z. DeLorean in 1979 after a book appeared that he had co-authored and then disowned before publication. Flamboyant by Midwest standards with sideburns, turtlenecks, and flashy girlfriends, DeLorean gained renown developing muscle cars like the Pontiac GTO. He also took an adolescent's delight in flouting GM's rules and was pushed out of the company in 1972.

????Seven years later he'd lost none of his desire for attention - poster-size picture of him shirtless with his young son hung in his New York office - but nothing else about him seemed out of the ordinary. He certainly faded after he left GM. His sports car company collapsed in a swamp of recriminations, and he was arrested in 1982 for drug trafficking (he was acquitted of those charges). The last time I saw him, he was sitting on a bench in New York's Central Park, seemingly in no hurry to be anywhere in particular. He didn't seem like much of a revolutionary to me, but at GM they've never forgotten him.

????In 1980, I left Detroit for New York City and a plum job writing for the business pages of Time. Under the newsmagazine system, I depended on our local correspondents to report on the industry. I would still go back to Detroit on special assignments and to visit my in-laws. (My wife, Mary, grew up in the city, and we married in 1983. Both her father and her sister worked for GM.)

????By then GM had found a chief executive who actually understood the company's problems and was willing to try anything in order to fix them. As a candid internal review of the company, published by the General Motors History Project, points out, GM was still making decisions under the same basic structure that had been put in place 50 years earlier, and it was falling behind.

????Chairman and CEO Roger Smith, having risen through the ranks, knew that better than anyone. It was easy to caricature Smith, a finance specialist, as a company apparatchik - and an annoying one at that, with his squeaky voice and pushy manner. When I interviewed Smith, he was always approachable and agreeable, though people who worked for him considered him a petty tyrant, demanding and intolerant of dissenting ideas. A lot of them chuckled at the 1989 movie Roger and Me, in which Michael Moore made vicious fun of the company's travails.

????But Smith was a big thinker, and he understood that GM had become too complex and slow moving for its own good. Smith kept us reporters on our toes. He was full of innovative ideas for upending the status quo at GM - but some were badly thought out, and others were badly implemented. To make GM more computer-savvy, Smith bought EDS and got its founder, Ross Perot, on his board of directors; Perot heckled Smith constantly until Smith persuaded him to leave. Smith conceived the Saturn division as a moon-shot effort to find a revolutionary way of making and selling cars, but Saturn turned out to be short of new ideas and never got airborne. Smith spent billions to automate GM's factories with robots. Usually robots permit a car company to produce several different models in a factory. But GM, wanting to keep things simple, configured its plants to produce just one or two models - and ended up with a system that was no more efficient than the old one.

????Smith re-arranged North American operations to modernize GM's manufacturing, and paralyzed the company for 18 months because he destroyed the informal networks that actually got the work done in the highly bureaucratized company. The notorious "reorg" so traumatized future CEOs that they never again attempted anything so radical.

掃碼打開財富Plus App
久久精品苍井空免费一区二| 国产精品夜夜爽张柏芝| 国产亚洲av片在线观看16女人| 久久99亚洲综合精品首页| 欧美精品九九久久久久久久久| 亚洲日本VA午夜在线影院| 日日狠狠久久偷偷色综合96蜜桃| 久久精品国产亚洲av电影| 日韩av无码一区二区三区| 国产在线精品观看一区| 婷婷伊人在线播放国产麻豆| 国产亚洲精品国产福APP| 久久国产精品福利免费| 色婷婷亚洲一区二区三区| 国产亚洲精品自在线观看| 成人一区二区三区无码| 国产精品亚洲二区在线观看| 亚洲AV成人WWW永久无码精品| 236宅宅理论片免费| 成人免费一区二区三区| 日本一道丝袜国产一区高清| 每天鲁一鲁精品国产| 久久精品无码一区二区三区| 日韩a片免费无码完整版电影| 久久精品亚洲一区二区三区浴池| 在线观看亚洲AV无码每日更新| 91香蕉亚洲精品人人影视| 国产免费AV片无码永久| 日文字体乱码一二三四最新| 精品人伦一区二区三区蜜桃| 欧美18VIDEOSEX性极品| a毛片视频国产精品第1页| 国产精品毛片VA一区二区三区| 久久精品一区二区三区AV| 国内丰满少妇一级毛片| 午夜亚洲AⅤ无码高潮片苍井空| 无码人妻一区二区三区蜜桃手机版| 国产毛片无码专区国产国庆A片在线观看| 国产精品99久久久久久人| 无码国产精品一区二区免费模式| 国产女人水多毛片18|