微軟上周二表示，新的中國(guó)政府版Windows 10已經(jīng)可供中國(guó)政府部門使用。

中國(guó)海關(guān)、上海市政府以及隸屬于央企中國(guó)科技電子集團(tuán)的信息安全公司衛(wèi)士通已成為微軟這款新產(chǎn)品的首批用戶。微軟發(fā)言人稱，這是該公司首次為中國(guó)客戶推出定制Windows。

微軟的中國(guó)定制版Windows凸顯出在華經(jīng)營(yíng)的美國(guó)科技公司面臨的難題。舉例來(lái)說(shuō)，即將出爐的中國(guó)《網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全法》要求外國(guó)科技公司向政府巡視人員提供產(chǎn)品源代碼。源代碼通常為軟件廠商專有，而中國(guó)政府表示有必要查看源代碼，以便檢驗(yàn)是否存在可能被黑客利用的漏洞。《華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)》報(bào)道，微軟、IBM和英特爾去年12月曾對(duì)此表示不滿。

微軟當(dāng)時(shí)指出：“共享源代碼本身并不能證明軟件的安全性和可控性，它只能證明源代碼的存在?！?/p>

中國(guó)政府想檢查外國(guó)公司軟件源代碼的部分動(dòng)機(jī)源于引人注目的愛(ài)德華?斯諾登泄密事件。斯諾登泄露的一些文件表明，美國(guó)情報(bào)部門偷偷在原產(chǎn)于美國(guó)的科技產(chǎn)品，比如思科的路由器和交換機(jī)上安裝了所謂“后門”，以便他們進(jìn)行網(wǎng)絡(luò)間諜活動(dòng)。

為打消中國(guó)政府的顧慮，微軟去年9月份稱，將在北京設(shè)立技術(shù)透明中心，供中國(guó)官方分析微軟的各類產(chǎn)品是否存在安全隱患。

微軟Windows和設(shè)備業(yè)務(wù)執(zhí)行副總裁特里?梅森在博客中透露，兩年來(lái)微軟“一直在誠(chéng)心誠(chéng)意地和中國(guó)政府一起檢驗(yàn)Windows 10的安全性”。梅森說(shuō)，中國(guó)版Windows基于面向商業(yè)用戶的傳統(tǒng)Windows 10企業(yè)版，但加入了適于中國(guó)政府官員的定制功能。

比如說(shuō)，在這款Windows 10中，中國(guó)政府官員可以用他們自己的加密技術(shù)來(lái)保護(hù)不希望別人看到的數(shù)據(jù)。此外，中國(guó)版Windows無(wú)法連接微軟的OneDrive服務(wù)，后者可以讓人們把文件存儲(chǔ)在微軟控制的數(shù)據(jù)中心里，也就是所謂的云存儲(chǔ)。

可以想見(jiàn)，中國(guó)政府官員應(yīng)該想把所有數(shù)據(jù)都穩(wěn)妥地放在自己的電腦里，從而盡可能避免把這些信息存儲(chǔ)在自己控制范圍以外的數(shù)據(jù)中心里所帶來(lái)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

微軟同時(shí)表示，PC制造商聯(lián)想已成為首位中國(guó)版Windows合作伙伴，出售給中國(guó)政府的聯(lián)想電腦將預(yù)裝這款操作系統(tǒng)。（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

譯者：Charlie

審稿：夏林

Microsoft said Tuesday that its new Windows 10 China Government Edition is ready for Chinese government agencies to use.

China Customs, the city of Shanghai, and China government-controlled IT company Westone Information Technology are Microsoft’s first customers for the new software. A Microsoft spokesperson said that this is the first time Microsoft has built a custom version of Windows for China.

Microsoft's (msft, +0.34%) debut of a tweaked version of Windows for China highlights the headaches involved when U.S. technology companies do business in that country. For example, an upcoming Chinese cyber security bill would require foreign technology companies to share with government inspectors the underlying software code of their products. The Chinese government claims that it needs to see the software code, which is usually proprietary, in order to verify that there are no flaws that hackers can exploit. Microsoft, along with IBM (ibm, -0.40%) and Intel(intc, +0.25%), criticized the bill in December, according to the Wall Street Journal.

"Sharing source code in itself can’t prove the capability to be secure and controllable," Microsoft said at the time. "It only proves there is source code.”

Part of the reason the Chinese government wants to scan the source code of foreign companies stems from the high-profile government leaks by whistleblower Edward Snowden. Some of Snowden’s leaks revealed that U.S. spy agencies were covertly installing so-called back doors in U.S.-based tech products like Cisco’s networking routers and switches that allowed them to carry out cyber espionage.

To address China’s concerns, Microsoft said in September that it would open a transparency center in Beijing where Chinese government officials could analyze various Microsoft products for security bugs.

Terry Myerson, a Microsoft executive vice president of Windows and devices, said in a blog post that for the past two years Microsoft has “has earnestly cooperated with the Chinese government on the security review of Windows 10.” Myerson said the new China version of Windows is based on the traditional Windows 10 Enterprise Edition for business customers but with extra features tailored to suit Chinese officials.

For example, Chinese government officials can use their own encryption technology in their version of Windows 10 to scramble data that they don’t want others to see. Additionally, the China version of Windows does not allow access to Microsoft’s OneDrive service, which lets people store documents and files on Microsoft-controlled data centers in what’s known as cloud-based storage.

Presumably, Chinese officials want to keep all of their data locked down on their own computers to minimize the risk of that information being stored to data centers that are outside their control.

Microsoft also said that PC maker Lenovo is the company’s first partner that would pre-install the Chinese version of Windows on computers sold to Chinese government officials.