美國(guó)勞工部統(tǒng)計(jì)局最新公布的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，亞裔仍然是美國(guó)增長(zhǎng)最快的種族群體。

統(tǒng)計(jì)局本公布，2014年7月至2015年7月，美國(guó)的亞裔人口增長(zhǎng)3.4%，其中大部分新增人口是移民。目前美國(guó)有2100萬(wàn)亞裔，夏威夷是國(guó)內(nèi)唯一亞裔居民占多數(shù)的州。

統(tǒng)計(jì)局人口學(xué)家山姆·加羅表示，2000年前后開(kāi)始，亞裔就一直是人口增長(zhǎng)最快的族群，主要增長(zhǎng)來(lái)自外國(guó)移民。統(tǒng)計(jì)局官員稱，2013年，中國(guó)取代墨西哥成為向美國(guó)輸送移民最多的國(guó)家。

其他少數(shù)族裔也在增多。西班牙裔增長(zhǎng)了2.2%，增至5660萬(wàn)人，其中新墨西哥州的西班牙裔占總?cè)丝?8%，是西班牙裔聚居最多的州。非裔美國(guó)人增長(zhǎng)1.3%至4630萬(wàn)人，其中密西西比州的非裔占比最高，為38.3%。美國(guó)印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民合計(jì)660萬(wàn)人，增長(zhǎng)1.5%。這兩個(gè)族群占阿拉斯加州總?cè)丝诘?9.5%，在各州中比例最高。

加州是美國(guó)人種和民族最豐富的州，西班牙裔、白人、亞裔和美國(guó)印第安人人口都超過(guò)其他州。紐約州的黑人比其他州多，夏威夷州的夏威夷人其他州的多。

統(tǒng)計(jì)局官員還表示，人口增長(zhǎng)第二快的族群是兼有至少兩個(gè)種族的群體。多種族族群增長(zhǎng)3.1%至660萬(wàn)人。他們的年齡中位數(shù)為20歲，在所有種族和民族之中最年輕。

實(shí)際上，美國(guó)人口最多元化的一代是孩子們。統(tǒng)計(jì)局?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)顯示，在21世紀(jì)出生的一代人里，有49%、將近半數(shù)都屬于非西班牙裔白人以外的種族或者民族。而所謂“千禧一代”——1982年至2000年出生的美國(guó)人中，非西班牙裔白人之外的人口占44.5%。

白人增長(zhǎng)最慢。

美國(guó)的白人人口增速最低。

統(tǒng)計(jì)局發(fā)現(xiàn)，包括有其他種族血統(tǒng)的白人在內(nèi)，白人人口2014年至2015年僅增長(zhǎng)0.5%。超過(guò)2.55億人自稱是白人或混血白人。加州的這類白人達(dá)到2980萬(wàn)人，是美國(guó)這類族群人口最多的州。不過(guò)白人最密集的是佛蒙特州，96.6%的居民自稱白人或混血白人。

純種白人的人數(shù)變化極小。有1.98億人自稱純種白人，微增0.1%。加州也是純種白人最多的州，人數(shù)達(dá)到1490萬(wàn)。不過(guò)緬因州是純種白人最密集的州，占比高達(dá)93.6%。

佛羅里達(dá)州薩姆特縣（Sumter County）是最老齡化的縣。

美國(guó)人口年齡最大的縣是佛羅里達(dá)州薩姆特縣，大部分居民都在65歲以上。

官方數(shù)據(jù)顯示，將近55%的薩姆特縣居民到了退休年齡，居民的平均年齡為66.6歲。

薩姆特縣也是美國(guó)人口增長(zhǎng)最快的地區(qū)之一。奧蘭多市西北的退休老人社區(qū)“村落”（The Villages）是美國(guó)人口增長(zhǎng)最快的城區(qū)，增速達(dá)到5.4%，居民已達(dá)11.4萬(wàn)人。統(tǒng)計(jì)局人口測(cè)算與預(yù)期事務(wù)副局長(zhǎng)杰森·戴文認(rèn)為，之所以當(dāng)?shù)厝丝谠龆嗪屠淆g化加快，部分就是因?yàn)椤按迓洹敝惖貐^(qū)對(duì)外地人吸引力大。

“隨著國(guó)內(nèi)65歲及以上年齡的人口增長(zhǎng)，其他有類似‘村落’退休社區(qū)的縣會(huì)更接近（65歲）老齡化門(mén)檻?！?

只有一個(gè)人口千人以上的縣和薩姆特縣的居民年齡接近，就是新墨西哥州的卡朗縣（Catron County）。該縣人口年齡中位數(shù)為60.1歲。

美國(guó)人口最年輕的縣是哪個(gè)？是弗吉尼亞州的萊克星頓縣（Lexington County），居民年齡中位數(shù)僅為22.4歲。（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

譯者：Pessy

審校：夏林

Asians remain the fastest-growing racial group in the United States, according to new information from the Census Bureau.

The nation’s Asian population grew at 3.4% between July 2014 and 2015, with migration responsible for the majority of the growth, government officials said Thursday. There are now 21 million Asians in the United States, with Hawaii as the nation’s only majority Asian state.

Sam Garrow, a Census Department demographer, said Asians have been the fastest-growing race group since about 2000, and the main driving force is international migration. In 2013, China replaced Mexico as the top sending country for immigrants to the United States, officials said.

Other minority groups grew as well. The Hispanic population grew by 2.2% to 56.6 million, and New Mexico had the largest percentage of Hispanics in the country at 48%. The African-American population grew by 1.3% to 46.3 million, with Mississippi holding the nation’s largest percentage at 38.3%. And the American Indian and Alaska native population grew 1.5% to a total of 6.6 million, with Alaska having the largest percent at 19.5%.

California has the largest number of most racial and ethnic groups, with more Hispanics, whites, Asians and American Indians than any other state. New York state has more blacks than any other state, and Hawaii has the largest numeric population of Native Hawaiians than any other state.

The second fastest-growing racial group was those who claim two or more races, government officials said. The number of people who claimed two or more races grew 3.1% to 6.6 million. This group was also the youngest group of all racial or ethnic groups with a median age of 20 years old.

In fact, the most diverse generation is the nation’s youngest. Census figures show that of those born since 2000, nearly half—or 49%—belong to a race or ethnic group other than non-Hispanic white. In contrast, 44.5% of the millennials—born between 1982 and 2000—did not classify themselves as non-Hispanic whites.

Whites Showing Slowest Growth

The nation’s white population is showing the slowest growth.

The census found that the white population, including those who chose white along with another race, grew only 0.5% between 2014 and 2015. There were more than 255 million people who said they were white or white in combination with something else. California had the largest number of these people at 29.8 million, but Vermont had the highest population of those described themselves as white or white along with another race or ethnicity at 96.6%.

The numbers change little for those who say they are white alone. There are 198 million people who say they are white alone, an increase of 0.1%. California once again had the largest population at 14.9 million, but Maine had the largest percentage as its population at 93.6%.

Sumter County, Florida, Is the Oldest

The oldest place in the United States is Sumter County, Florida, where the majority of the population is at least 65 years old.

Almost 55% of Sumter County has reached retirement age, government figures showed, and the median age in the country was 66.6 years old.

Sumter County also contains one of the fastest-growing areas in the country. The Villages retirement community located northwest of Orlando was the nation’s fastest-growing metro area with a 5.4% increase that raised the population to 114,000 residents. The attraction to areas like The Villages is part of the reason for the increase in population and age, said Jason Devine, assistant division chief for Population Estimates and Projections.

“As the nation’s 65-and-older population grows, other counties with retirement communities like The Villages will get closer to this threshold,” Devine said.

There was only one other county with a population of at least 1,000 close in age to Sumter County: Catron County, New Mexico. That county had a median age of 60.1 years.

The youngest county in the United States? Lexington County, Virginia, which had a median age of 22.4 years.