????谷歌公司（Google）的安卓（Android）和蘋(píng)果公司（Apple）的iOS操作系統(tǒng)的對(duì)手如今已經(jīng)在亞洲出現(xiàn)，意味著全球在移動(dòng)計(jì)算領(lǐng)域的霸權(quán)爭(zhēng)奪戰(zhàn)將隨時(shí)打響。

????首先出戰(zhàn)、意欲撼動(dòng)市場(chǎng)價(jià)值高達(dá)3414億美元的全球手機(jī)市場(chǎng)的是“中國(guó)操作系統(tǒng)”（China Operating System，以下簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)COS），它由中國(guó)科學(xué)院（Chinese Academy of Sciences）與其私營(yíng)合作伙伴聯(lián)彤網(wǎng)絡(luò)通訊公司（Liantong Network Communications Technology）合作開(kāi)發(fā)。

????第二位抱負(fù)同樣遠(yuǎn)大的強(qiáng)勁對(duì)手是泰澤（Tizen），它由韓國(guó)電子巨頭三星公司（Samsung）與數(shù)位強(qiáng)大的合作伙伴共同開(kāi)發(fā)，其中包括美國(guó)芯片巨頭英特爾公司（Intel）、日本富士通公司（Fujitsu）、中國(guó)華為公司（Huawei）及歐洲電信巨頭沃達(dá)豐公司（Vodafone）。三星不僅想讓泰澤成為與谷歌的Android及蘋(píng)果的iOS一樣鼎鼎大名的品牌，它還想讓這套系統(tǒng)在汽車(chē)、智能家電和電視上獲得廣泛應(yīng)用。

????COS和泰澤可能都將在今年第二季度正式推出。目前中國(guó)電信（China Telecom）和中國(guó)移動(dòng)（China Mobile）正在測(cè)試COS平臺(tái)，而三星近期則在韓國(guó)推出了一款搭載泰澤的數(shù)碼相機(jī)。

????美國(guó)公司一直在移動(dòng)通訊所用的軟件領(lǐng)域占據(jù)著近乎統(tǒng)治性的市場(chǎng)地位。這兩支亞洲新軍具備對(duì)這種統(tǒng)治地位發(fā)動(dòng)正面挑戰(zhàn)所需的實(shí)力嗎？COS和泰澤都擁有對(duì)安卓和iOS發(fā)起像樣打擊的潛力——盡管事實(shí)上這兩個(gè)全球霸主牢牢把控著96%的市場(chǎng)份額，地位之鞏固似乎無(wú)可撼動(dòng)。

????面對(duì)一心挑戰(zhàn)的操作系統(tǒng)，谷歌的安卓尤其不堪一擊，因?yàn)橛刑嘣荚O(shè)備制造商用了它，一旦有更好的操作系統(tǒng)推出，它們就會(huì)把安卓當(dāng)成燙手山芋扔到一邊。

????中國(guó)賣(mài)得最好的七大智能手機(jī)品牌中，有五個(gè)是中國(guó)自主品牌：聯(lián)想（Lenovo）、華為、宇龍（Yulong，即酷派手機(jī)制造商——譯注）、小米（Xiaomi）和中興（ZTE）。如果這些品牌都從安卓轉(zhuǎn)投COS——比如，中國(guó)政府以考慮國(guó)家安全的名義說(shuō)服它們這么做——安卓就有可能在一夜之間被逐出這個(gè)全球最大的無(wú)線市場(chǎng)之一。

????而征服中國(guó)市場(chǎng)仍將是場(chǎng)艱巨的持久戰(zhàn)。高德納公司（Gartner）上海辦公室的研究總監(jiān)桑迪?沈說(shuō)：“如果政府出面說(shuō)服，有些廠商可能會(huì)生產(chǎn)一兩款搭載國(guó)產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)的手機(jī)。但如果完全采用國(guó)產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)，它們就會(huì)失去市場(chǎng)份額，也有可能蒙受損失，這也是它們所難以承受的結(jié)果?！?/p>

????分析師們也對(duì)位于上海的聯(lián)彤網(wǎng)絡(luò)通訊公司的技術(shù)能力表示質(zhì)疑，正是這家公司領(lǐng)銜開(kāi)發(fā)了基于Linux系統(tǒng)的COS。弗雷斯特研究公司（Forrester Research）北京分公司資深分析師吉恩?曹說(shuō)：“這家公司2012年剛成立，現(xiàn)在總共還不到150人。新的操作系統(tǒng)要提高穩(wěn)定性還需要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，像安卓這樣的系統(tǒng)版本一般也要升級(jí)上百次才行?！?/p>

????與此同時(shí)，三星的戰(zhàn)略?xún)?yōu)勢(shì)在于，如今市面上搭載安卓系統(tǒng)的智能手機(jī)和平板電腦中有63%都是它生產(chǎn)的。如果它決意全力以赴主推泰澤，谷歌一定會(huì)失去超過(guò)一半的安卓客戶(hù)。

????位于馬薩諸塞州弗雷明漢市的市場(chǎng)調(diào)研公司IDC的手機(jī)團(tuán)隊(duì)研究經(jīng)理雷蒙?拉馬說(shuō)：“我不認(rèn)為三星會(huì)因?yàn)閱⒂锰啥艞壈沧浚驗(yàn)樗钠炫炛悄苁謾C(jī)蓋世（Galaxy）系列幾乎就是安卓的代表。如果這些手機(jī)換用泰澤或其他操作系統(tǒng)，就會(huì)有疏遠(yuǎn)核心用戶(hù)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。我估計(jì)三星以后除了提供安卓系統(tǒng)的手機(jī)，還會(huì)生產(chǎn)泰澤系統(tǒng)的手機(jī)?！?/p>

????Rivals to Google's (GOOG) Android and Apple's (AAPL) iOS operating systems have emerged in Asia, suggesting that a fierce global war over dominance in mobile computing is imminent.

????The first contender for shaking up the world's $341.4-billion mobile handset market is the China Operating System (COS), developed jointly by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and private-sector partner Liantong Network Communications Technology.

????The second up-and-comer with similarly large ambitions is Tizen, developed by South Korean electronics giant Samsung with a consortium of partners that includes U.S. microchip giant Intel (INTC), Japan's Fujitsu, China's Huawei, and European mobile carrier Vodafone (VOD). Samsung not only wants Tizen to become as big a brand name as Google's Android and Apple's iOS, it also wants to see its software used in cars, smart appliances, and televisions.

????Both COS and Tizen will likely be released in the second quarter; China Telecom and China Mobile are currently testing the COS platform, and Samsung recently launched a Tizen digital camera in South Korea.

????American companies have a near-monopoly over the software that powers mobile communication. Do the two Asian entrants have what it takes to mount a full-frontal assault on their dominance? COS and Tizen have the potential to deliver a serious blow to the fortunes of both Android and iOS -- despite the fact that these two global monsters have a seemingly unshakeable lock on 96% of the market.

????Google's Android is particularly vulnerable to a competing OS because it's used by a long list of original equipment manufacturers who could drop Android like a hot potato if a better OS comes along.

????Consider that five out of the top seven smartphones sold in China are made by Chinese companies: Lenovo, Huawei, Yulong, Xiaomi, and ZTE. If they were all to switch from Android to COS -- say, with a little persuasion from the Chinese government on grounds of national security -- then Android could be shut out of one of the world's biggest wireless markets virtually overnight.

????Still, conquering China will be an uphill battle. "Some of the vendors may do one or two devices if pressured by the government," says Sandy Shen, research director in Gartner's Shanghai office, "but they cannot afford to lose market share or suffer losses only to support the Chinese OS."

????Analysts also question the capabilities of Shanghai-based Liantong Network Communications, which led development of the Linux-based COS. "It was established in 2012 with less than 150 people," says Gene Cao, a senior analyst with Forrester Research in Beijing. "It takes time for a new OS to improve stability, which normally needs hundreds of version updates like Android."

????Meanwhile Samsung's strategic advantage is that fact that it makes 63% of all Android-powered smartphones and tablets on the market today. If it were to put its full weight behind Tizen, Google stands to lose more than half its Android customers.

????"I don't think Samsung will abandon Android in favor of Tizen because its flagship Galaxy smartphones are practically equated with Android," says Ramon Llamas, research manager with IDC's mobile phone team in Framingham, Mass. "To switch them over to Tizen, or any other operating system, risks alienating its core user base. I expect Samsung to offer Tizen-powered smartphones alongside its Android-powered ones."