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Facebook有望借無人機(jī)空降互聯(lián)網(wǎng)沙漠

Facebook有望借無人機(jī)空降互聯(lián)網(wǎng)沙漠

Clay Dillow 2014年03月07日
據(jù)傳,F(xiàn)acebook正在與無人機(jī)廠商Titan洽談收購事宜。如果傳言屬實(shí),收購最終敲定,F(xiàn)acebook將有望利用這家公司先進(jìn)的無人機(jī)技術(shù)打造一個(gè)巨大的空中網(wǎng)絡(luò),繞開現(xiàn)有的網(wǎng)絡(luò)運(yùn)營商,直接觸及欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)龐大的潛在用戶。

????據(jù)說Titan公司的收購價(jià)只有6000萬美元,與Facebook剛剛給WhatsApp開出的慷慨支票相比可謂不值一提。但是,Titan的技術(shù)可以為WhatsApp提供一個(gè)重要的附加值,而且有助于解答一個(gè)頗具爭(zhēng)議的問題:Facebook為什么在一個(gè)消息應(yīng)用身上花這么多錢?如果你覺得吃下一個(gè)無人機(jī)廠商對(duì)于Facebook來說是進(jìn)軍硬件領(lǐng)域的一招怪棋,不妨考慮一下以下幾點(diǎn):

????? Facebook正在致力于接近它的“下一個(gè)十億用戶”。世界上還有三分之二的人尚未用上互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。為了把這些人吸引過來,馬克?扎克伯格已經(jīng)在積極地出錢出力,奔走呼號(hào)。(比如Facebook就是Internet.org最大的支持者之一。這個(gè)組織致力于讓全球50億無法接入網(wǎng)絡(luò)的人們聯(lián)網(wǎng),實(shí)現(xiàn)“人人有網(wǎng)上”。)有了Titan公司的技術(shù),F(xiàn)acebook可以在短期內(nèi)向全球的天空部署大量無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)信號(hào)源——不管怎么說都比拉電纜的運(yùn)營商要快多了。據(jù)TechCrunch報(bào)道,F(xiàn)acebook計(jì)劃完全靠internet.org的支持,打造一支由11,000架Solara 60組成的Wi-Fi無人機(jī)大軍。

????? 隨著全球新增10到20億網(wǎng)民,F(xiàn)acebook等社交媒體平臺(tái)以及WhatsApp等通訊應(yīng)用無疑將變得更有價(jià)值。尤其是考慮到無人機(jī)提供的信號(hào)要比光纖網(wǎng)絡(luò)慢一些,有些占用帶寬過高的程序可能光靠“無人機(jī)Wi-Fi”帶不動(dòng),至少一開始不行。但是,像即時(shí)通訊、狀態(tài)更新、新聞推送等不占帶寬的程序(也就是Facebook提供的所有服務(wù))非常適合這種網(wǎng)絡(luò)以及它的十幾億新用戶。

????? 這樣一來,F(xiàn)acebook基本上成了自己的服務(wù)提供商,使它擁有了很大的控制權(quán)。它不僅僅有助于為Facebook迅速帶來“下一個(gè)十億用戶”,而且還會(huì)讓這家公司在與全球各大運(yùn)營商就“免流量計(jì)劃”進(jìn)行談判時(shí)能夠更有底氣?,F(xiàn)在Facebook已經(jīng)在一些發(fā)展中國家推出了“免流量”計(jì)劃,它認(rèn)為這種免流量計(jì)劃可以促進(jìn)移動(dòng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的總體使用,從而也會(huì)間接提高移動(dòng)運(yùn)營商的利潤,盡管有些運(yùn)營商并不這么認(rèn)為。如果Facebook能夠繞過運(yùn)營商,直接在高空提供自己的網(wǎng)絡(luò)接入服務(wù),則運(yùn)營商們將被迫更加認(rèn)真地考慮Facebook的免流量計(jì)劃。

????? 從更長遠(yuǎn)的角度看,Titan對(duì)于Facebook的意義并不僅僅是一種傳輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)的手段。Solara 60無人機(jī)的最大設(shè)計(jì)載重是250磅,F(xiàn)acebook很可能并不需要這樣大的載重。剩下的空間可以出租給政府或研究機(jī)構(gòu),或者搭載Facebook自己的數(shù)據(jù)收集儀器,收集地圖測(cè)繪、天氣研究與預(yù)測(cè)、大氣科學(xué)、民航追蹤這類數(shù)據(jù)。借此,F(xiàn)acebook可以在高空持續(xù)收集大量數(shù)據(jù),既可以自用,也可以賣給其他公司或機(jī)構(gòu)。不要忘了,就算沒有Facebook,Titan的技術(shù)本身也是有自己的價(jià)值定位。就算被Facebook買了下來,它本身的價(jià)值依舊不容小視。

????如果這筆交易真的發(fā)生了,F(xiàn)acebook可能將獲得幾億甚至幾十億終身用戶,他們將通過Facebook的基礎(chǔ)架構(gòu)和應(yīng)用完成與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的第一次親密接觸。而且它將成為一個(gè)重要的信息收集和傳播工具。截至發(fā)稿時(shí),Titan公司未能及時(shí)回應(yīng)這一傳聞,而Facebook則拒絕就此事發(fā)表評(píng)論。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

????譯者:樸成奎

????

????At a reported $60 million, the deal would cost just a fraction of what Facebook just shelled out for WhatsApp. But Titan could be an important accessory technology for WhatsApp and could help answer the much-debated question of why Facebook paid so much for a messaging app. If Facebook scooping up a drone manufacturer comes off as a strange way for a software company to move into hardware, consider:

????? Facebook is committed to connecting its "next billion," and CEO Mark Zuckerberg has both vocally and financially supported efforts to bring the two-thirds of humankind who aren't on the Internet into the fold. (Facebook is one of the largest backers of the Internet.org initiative, which aims to bring Internet access to the 5 billion people in the world that don't have ready access to the web.) With Titan's technology Facebook could put Internet hubs into the sky in huge numbers relatively quickly -- much faster than carriers will lay cable, anyhow. According to TechCrunch, Facebook plans to do exactly that via a fleet of 11,000 Solara 60 aircraft that will be built solely in support of Internet.org's mission.

????? With another 1 or 2 billion people connected to the web, social media platforms like Facebook and messaging apps like WhatsApp become decidedly more valuable. This is especially true considering that the signal provided by aircraft like Titan's would be relatively weak compared to a fiber optic connection. Bandwidth-heavy applications won't fly, at least not at first, but messaging, status updates, newsfeeds -- basically everything Facebook provides -- would be natural fits for these networks and their billion-plus new users.

????? All that basically makes Facebook its own service provider, giving Facebook a lot of control. Not only would this instantly start that "next billion" out using Facebook's platforms, and it would give Facebook further leverage against carriers across the globe when it attempts to negotiate "zero-rate" deals in which people can use Facebook without it counting against their data plans. Facebook has arranged several such deals in the developing world and argues that it increases profits for mobile carriers by encouraging overall mobile use, but some carriers disagree. If Facebook could bypass carriers and provide its own Internet-in-the-sky, carriers would be forced to consider zero-rating more seriously.

????? Taking a longer view, Titan makes Facebook much more than just a means of moving data across networks. The Solara 60 is designed to carry 250 pounds of payload, likely more than Facebook would need to beam Internet to the ground. The remaining space could be rented out by governments or research agencies, or packed with Facebook's own data collecting instruments. Mapping, weather research and forecasting, atmospheric science, civil aviation tracking -- Facebook could gather a lot of persistent, rich data from way up there, either for its own use or for sale to others. Don't forget that Titan's technology had a value proposition before Facebook arrived, and if Facebook buys the company that value isn't going anywhere.

????If the deal happens, Facebook could create hundreds of millions or even billions of lifetime users whose first regular experience with the Internet is via Facebook's infrastructure and apps. And it could become an important collector and disseminator of data -- something like its competition in Mountain View -- in the offing.

????Titan was not immediately available to comment for this story. Facebook declined to comment.

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